Article
Ophthalmology
Jacob F. Smith, Braden C. Hintze, Scott T. Anderson, Prashant D. Tailor, Timothy T. Xu, Matthew R. Starr
Summary: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to quantify trends in ophthalmology practice consolidation in the United States from 2015 to 2022. The study found that there was a decrease in the number of ophthalmologists and practices, while the percentage of ophthalmologists in larger group practices increased. Consolidation trends were significant across all regions, sexes, and years of experience in practice.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kevin Lopez, Huan Li, Hyung R. Paek, Brian J. Williams, Bidisha Nath, Edward Melnick, Andrew Loza
Summary: Physician turnover has negative impacts on the healthcare industry, patients, physicians, and their families. By analyzing physician characteristics, electronic health record use patterns, and clinical productivity data, a predictive model was developed to identify physicians at risk for departure. Several variables including tenure, panel complexity, physician demand, physician age, inbox, and documentation time were found to significantly contribute to predicting physician departure.
Article
Health Policy & Services
Leeann N. Comfort, Elizabeth Bambury, Mariam Krikorian Atkinson
Summary: This study explores how hospitalists differentiate themselves from other inpatient physicians in areas of shared expertise. The findings suggest that hospitalists are more likely to be assigned to patients with ambiguous diagnoses and multiple chronic conditions. Additionally, hospitalists have lower rates of laboratory testing and medication orders compared to specialists, resulting in lower total charges and lower odds of patients experiencing any nonsurgical adverse events.
HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Matthew T. Schneider, Angela Y. Chang, Sawyer W. Crosby, Stephen Gloyd, Anton C. Harle, Stephen Lim, Rafael Lozano, Angela E. Micah, Golsum Tsakalos, Yanfang Su, Christopher J. L. Murray, Joseph L. Dieleman
Summary: Primary healthcare (PHC) expenditures increased in low-income and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2017, with a plateau in low-income countries after 2014. An increase in the fraction of health expenditures on PHC was associated with improvements in maternal and child health outcomes, but not with reductions in mortality or disease burdens for other causes, such as non-communicable diseases. It is important for policy-makers and health professionals to adapt primary healthcare to address emerging health challenges.
Article
Management
Gautam Gowrisankaran, Keith Joiner, Pierre Thomas Leger
Summary: This study examines the practice styles and skills of emergency department physicians and their impact on healthcare operations. The research finds significant variation across physicians in their practice styles and skills, and that physicians with costly practice styles often have worse outcomes in terms of more ED revisits and more hospitalizations.
MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
C. Jansen, J. D. Baker, E. Kodaira, L. Ang, A. J. Bacani, J. T. Aldan, L. M. N. Shimoda, M. Salameh, A. L. Small-Howard, A. J. Stokes, H. Turner, C. N. Adra
Summary: Traditional pharmacopeias, developed by multiple cultures, require hard evidence for efficacy to separate science from pseudoscience; factors like abstraction, simplification, and altered dose influence the actual and perceived efficacy of medicines; integrating traditional therapies into healthcare systems with regulation and evidence-based practice, along with new data analytics approaches, are key areas of emphasis for future research.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Noah M. Yaffe, Humzah A. Quereshy, Brooke A. Quinton, Todd D. Otteson, Jay R. Shah
Summary: This study evaluates the financial trends in Medicare reimbursement rates for the most billed procedures in pediatric otolaryngology from 2000 to 2020. The findings show a downward trend in reimbursement for these procedures, highlighting the need for professional societies to be actively involved in ensuring quality care for patients.
OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
James R. Xu, Robert R. Lorenz, Kathleen M. Mulligan, Todd D. Otteson, Nicole C. Maronian, R. Peter Manes, Michael Z. Lerner, Paul C. Bryson
Summary: The objective of this study is to examine the reimbursement trends for laryngology procedures under Medicare over the past two decades. The analysis utilized CMS' Physician Fee Schedule Look-Up Tool to determine the reimbursement rates for 48 common laryngology procedures, which were categorized based on their practice setting and clinical use. The study found a decline in reimbursement rates for laryngology procedures over the past twenty years.
Article
Primary Health Care
Richard A. Young, Elizabeth Wilkinson, Tyler W. Barreto, Rebecca L. Newton, Akshaj Turebylu, Dana Bullock
Summary: This study compared physicians listed as primary care physicians (PCPs) for adult patients in the AMA Masterfile with their actual practice type. The results showed that family physicians were more likely to provide traditional ambulatory primary care compared to internists, while internists were more likely to be hospitalists. These findings provide insights into the actual practice type of PCPs and highlight the need for accurate data in physician databases.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Andrew K. Simpson, Harry M. Lightsey, Grace X. Xiong, Alexander M. Crawford, Akihito Minamide, Andrew J. Schoenfeld
Summary: The use of indirect visualization technology is increasingly replacing traditional direct visualization in various surgical specialties. Although spine surgery has lagged behind other specialties, patient demand for less invasive procedures and surgeon efforts to improve care quality have driven the global adoption of spinal endoscopy. There are diverse endoscopic platforms and techniques in use, with significant regional heterogeneity in the utilization of spinal endoscopic procedures due to differences in technology and health system incentives.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Min Li, Na Zhou, Shengnan Duan, Hua Zhong, Rong Jiang, Ni Yuan
Summary: China has a low level of disease burden indicators compared to other countries in the Asia-Pacific region, but as a developing country and the most populous country in the world, the total number of multiple sclerosis patients is not small. As a rare disease, the treatment cost is relatively expensive, and the cost of treating complications caused by the disease is also high. The construction of the medical security system should be strengthened to reduce the burden on individuals, families, and society.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chian Jones Ritten, Christopher Bastian, Owen Phillips
Summary: In the illegal market, law enforcement should focus more on the sale of illegal products rather than money laundering to effectively reduce criminal activities. Additionally, enforcement at both the production and sale stages can reduce market activity, although the effectiveness differs.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eric J. Keller, Kayla Nixon, Lola Oladini, Howard B. Chrisman, Angela Chaudhari, Magdy P. Milad, Robert L. Vogelzang
Summary: This study assessed the effects of a multidisciplinary fibroid clinic on practice patterns and clinician perceptions. The results showed that the establishment of the multidisciplinary clinic increased the number of fibroid procedures, but the proportion of uterine fibroid embolizations decreased. However, there were no changes in specialty-specific perceptions of fibroid treatments and interspecialty dynamics. Despite this, clinicians unanimously perceived the clinic and post-clinic practice patterns as positive and distinct from their previous work and relationships between gynecology and interventional radiology elsewhere.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xiaorong Tang, Xiaoshuang Shi, Hong Zhao, Liming Lu, Ze Chen, Yixuan Feng, Lanping Liu, Ruihua Duan, Pingping Zhang, Yuqin Xu, Shuo Cui, Fen Gong, Jingwen Fei, Neng-Gui Xu, Xianghong Jing, Gordon Guyatt, Yu-Qing Zhang
Summary: This study systematically summarised the clinical and methodological characteristics of acupuncture-related Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) and evaluated their methodological quality. The findings showed that there is a large number of CPGs addressing acupuncture interventions in the past 10 years, but there is still room for improvement.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rohin Singh, Kent R. Richter, Jordan R. Pollock, Jack M. Haglin, Noel Balli, Joshua S. Catapano, Richard S. Zimmerman, Naresh P. Patel
Summary: The study examines the trend of increasing practice sizes in U.S. neurosurgery over the past 5 years, with a notable decrease in smaller practices and a significant increase in large health organizations. The impact of these changes on patient care, payment models, healthcare access, neurosurgeon compensation, and satisfaction should be further investigated.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Charlotte Bermingham, Jasper Morgan, Daniel Ayoubkhani, Myer Glickman, Nazrul Islam, Aziz Sheikh, Jonathan Sterne, A. Sarah Walker, Vahe Nafilyan
Summary: The study used a regression discontinuity design to estimate the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine in reducing mortality for individuals aged 80 and above in England. The results showed that the first vaccine dose reduced the risk of COVID-19 death by 52.6%, providing strong evidence for the protective effect of the vaccine in older adults. The study's approach addressed the issue of unmeasured confounding factors, and the estimated vaccine effectiveness was comparable to previous studies using different methods.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Osama Mahmoud, Raquel Granell, Gabriela P. Peralta, Judith Garcia-Aymerich, Deborah Jarvis, John Henderson, Jonathan Sterne
Summary: This study found that maternal perinatal BMI, birthweight, childhood lean and fat mass, and early-onset asthma were the most important factors influencing lung function in early adulthood.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Edward P. K. Parker, John Tazare, William J. Hulme, Christopher Bates, Edward J. Carr, Jonathan Cockburn, Helen J. Curtis, Louis Fisher, Amelia C. A. Green, Sam Harper, Frank Hester, Elsie M. F. Horne, Fiona Loud, Susan Lyon, Viyaasan Mahalingasivam, Amir Mehrkar, Linda Nab, John Parry, Shalini Santhakumaran, Retha Steenkamp, Jonathan A. C. Sterne, Alex J. Walker, Elizabeth J. Williamson, Michelle Willicombe, Bang Zheng, Ben Goldacre, Dorothea Nitsch, Laurie A. Tomlinson
Summary: This retrospective cohort study aimed to identify factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake among people with kidney disease in England. The study found that although most individuals received the COVID-19 vaccine, there were disparities in vaccine uptake among different clinical and demographic groups, and the coverage of complete vaccine doses was suboptimal.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nick A. A. Francis, Taeko Becque, Merlin Willcox, Alastair D. D. Hay, Mark Lown, Richard Clarke, Beth Stuart, Lucy Yardley, Michael Moore, Joelle Houriet, Paul Little
Summary: This study found that non-pharmaceutical interventions such as wearing face masks, practicing social distancing, and frequent handwashing have strong protective effects against COVID-19 infection.
Article
Primary Health Care
Paul Little, Taeko Becque, Alastair D. Hay, Nick A. Francis, Beth Stuart, Gilly O'Reilly, Natalie Thompson, Kerenza Hood, Michael Moore, Theo Verheij
Summary: This study externally validated an existing prognostic model for children with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) and developed a new model for internal validation. The study found that a simple three-item prognostic score could effectively identify children with LRTI who are at low risk of adverse outcomes, providing guidance for clinical management.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Adam Trickey, Caroline A. Sabin, Greer Burkholder, Heidi Crane, Antonella d'Arminio Monforte, Matthias Egger, M. John Gill, Sophie Grabar, Jodie L. Guest, Inma Jarrin, Fiona C. Lampe, Niels Obel, Juliana M. Reyes, Christoph Stephan, Timothy R. Sterling, Ramon Teira, Giota Touloumi, Jan-Christian Wasmuth, Ferdinand Wit, Linda Wittkop, Robert Zangerle, Michael J. Silverberg, Amy Justice, Jonathan A. C. Sterne
Summary: Life expectancy has increased for people with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Latest prognosis data show that the survival rate of adults with HIV who have been on ART for at least 1 year in Europe and North America is similar to that of the general population, regardless of the starting time of ART. However, individuals with low CD4 counts at the start of treatment have lower life expectancy, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and sustained treatment of HIV.
Letter
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Elsie M. F. Horne, William J. Hulme, Ruth H. Keogh, Tom M. Palmer, Elizabeth J. Williamson, Edward P. K. Parker, Venexia M. Walker, Rochelle Knight, Yinghui Wei, Kurt Taylor, Louis Fisher, Jessica Morley, Amir Mehrkar, Iain Dillingham, Sebastian Bacon, Ben Goldacre, Jonathan A. C. Sterne
Summary: Understanding how the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines changes over time and in response to new variants is crucial for scheduling subsequent doses. Previous research has shown that vaccine effectiveness decreases in a log-linear manner over time and remains consistent across different risk-based subgroups. To further investigate the waning effectiveness beyond 26 weeks and in the era of the Omicron variant, the follow-up period was extended to the earliest of 50 weeks after the second dose or March 31, 2022.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Hannah B. Edwards, Maria Theresa Redaniel, Carlos Sillero-Rejon, Christalla Pithara-McKeown, Ruta Margelyte, Tracey Stone, Tim J. Peters, William Hollingworth, Hugh Mcleod, Pippa Craggs, Elizabeth M. Hill, Sabi Redwood, Emma Treloar, Jenny L. Donovan, Brent C. Opmeer, Karen Luyt
Summary: This study compared two quality improvement interventions to improve the uptake of antenatal magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) in preterm births for the prevention of cerebral palsy. The results showed that enhanced support did not further improve MgSO4 uptake but may improve teamwork. Therefore, further research is needed to explore targeted enhanced support, sustainability of improvements, and the possible indirect benefits of stronger teamwork associated with enhanced support.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Kirsty Garfield, Joanna C. Thorn, Sian Noble, Samantha Husbands, Will Hollingworth
Summary: This study aimed to test the acceptability, feasibility, and criterion and construct validity of the healthcare module of ModRUM. The results showed that ModRUM performed well in these aspects. Further testing is needed within trials.
BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Otorhinolaryngology
Elliot Heward, Haroon Saeed, Sebastian Bate, Azita Rajai, John Molloy, Rachel Isba, Darren M. Ashcroft, Alastair D. Hay, Jaya R. Nichani, Iain A. Bruce
Summary: This study identified risk factors associated with the development of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) in children through a systematic review and meta-analysis. The results indicate that atopy and birth weight <2500 g are associated with an increased risk of CSOM development.
CLINICAL OTOLARYNGOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Hein Heuvelman, Neil M. Davies, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Alan Emond, Jonathan Evans, David Gunnell, Rachel Liebling, Richard Morris, Rupert Payne, Claire Storey, Maria Viner, Dheeraj Rai
Summary: This study examines the associations between the use of antidepressants during pregnancy and outcomes using multiple methods to strengthen causal inference. The results show that women who initiate or continue antidepressants during pregnancy are more likely to have contact with healthcare services and continue antidepressant use after pregnancy. However, there is little evidence for substantial associations between antidepressant use and autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or intellectual disability in children.
HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Harriet A. Ball, Elizabeth Coulthard, Mark Fish, Antony Bayer, John Gallacher, Yoav Ben-Shlomo
Summary: This study examines the association between subjective cognitive decline (sSCD) and objective cognition, finding a weak correlation between the two. Older age, poor sleep quality, and higher anxiety are independent predictors of sSCD. The study suggests that sSCD, in the absence of objective decline, may be an example of poor meta-cognition and a potential driver for functional cognitive disorder (FCD).
Article
Immunology
Tom Loosli, Stefanie Hossmann, Suzanne M. Ingle, Hajra Okhai, Katharina Kusejko, Johannes Mouton, Pantxika Bellecave, Ard van Sighem, Melanie Stecher, Antonella d'Arminio Monforte, M. John Gill, Caroline A. Sabin, Gary Maartens, Huldrych F. Guenthard, Jonathan A. C. Sterne, Richard Lessells, Matthias Egger, Roger D. Kouyos
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the resistance to dolutegravir in HIV-infected individuals. The study found that resistance to dolutegravir was rare, but nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance substantially increased the risk of dolutegravir resistance.
Article
Allergy
Adel H. Mansur, Julie Marsh, Ali Bahron, Maximillian Thomas, Gareth Walters, John Busby, Liam G. Heaney, Mamidipudi Thirumala Krishna
Summary: Among difficult-to-treat asthma patients in the UK, ethnic minority groups (EMGs) living in deprived conditions have a higher sensitivity to house dust mite (HDM). The EMG status is a significant risk factor for HDM sensitisation.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL ALLERGY
(2023)
Review
Respiratory System
Rohan Anand, Rebecca McLeese, John Busby, Jonathan Stewart, Mike Clarke, William D. -C. Man, Judy Bradley
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis compares unsupervised home spirometry with spirometry completed under professional supervision. The results show that unsupervised spirometry produces significantly lower measurements compared to supervised spirometry, indicating that they are not interchangeable.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW
(2023)
