Article
Fisheries
Yong-Tao Liu, Guo-Dong Zhang, Ru-Yu Sun, Shu Zhou, Jing Dong, Yi-Bin Yang, Qiu-Hong Yang, Ning Xu, Xiao-Hui Ai
Summary: This study explored the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of Enrofloxacin and its metabolite Ciprofloxian in crayfish. Results showed higher absorption and longer elimination half-life with intramuscular administration compared to oral administration. Concentrations of ENR and CIP were higher in hepatopancreas and tissues after intramuscular administration. The study suggested a specific regimen for ENR use in crayfish based on susceptibility to strains.
AQUACULTURE REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Fan Yang, Fang Yang, Dan Wang, Chao-Shuo Zhang, Han Wang, Zhe-Wen Song, Hao-Tian Shao, Mei Zhang, Meng-Li Yu, Yang Zheng
Summary: A PBPK model was developed to predict residue concentrations and withdrawal periods of ENR and CIP in rainbow trout. The model showed that withdrawal intervals in fish were shorter than the labeled 500 degree-days.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ziqiang Li, Xi Du, Shuang Tian, Shanshan Fan, Xurui Zuo, Yanfen Li, Ruihua Wang, Baohe Wang, Yuhong Huang
Summary: This study evaluated the pharmacokinetic herb-drug interactions between Polygonum capitatum Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don extract (PCE) and ciprofloxacin (CIP). The results showed that PCE significantly reduced the circulating levels of CIP and altered its tissue distribution. These interactions may be mediated by the effects of PCE on multiple transporters.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Hiroki Morishita, Liyanage Manosika Buddhini Perera, Xieyi Zhang, Kenta Mizoi, Masa-aki Ito, Kentaro Yano, Takuo Ogihara
Summary: The combined use of Pimozide with other drugs may increase the risk of cardiac arrest. This study investigated the accumulation of Pimozide in cardiomyocytes and its inhibitory effect on cardiac channels, showing that Pimozide accumulation is influenced by other drugs, leading to an increased risk of channel inhibition.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Martin Sima, Daniel Bobek, Petra Cihlarova, Pavel Rysanek, Jaroslava Rousarova, Jan Berousek, Martin Kuchar, Tomas Vymazal, Ondrej Slanar
Summary: The objective of this prospective study was to investigate the exposure to ciprofloxacin metabolites in critically ill patients and examine the factors that could affect the drug metabolic conversion. A population pharmacokinetic model was developed for the metabolite showing the most associations with demographic, laboratory, and genetic factors. The study found that height, creatinine clearance, and age were associated with the metabolic ratio of the desethylene ciprofloxacin. Male patients had a higher metabolic ratio of oxociprofloxacin compared to females. The study hypothesized that the inhibition of CYP1A2 by ciprofloxacin is mediated by its metabolite desethylene ciprofloxacin.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Saranya Poapolathep, Thanaphan Chomcheun, Mario Giorgi, Suthep Jualaong, Narumol Klangkaew, Napasorn Phaochoosak, Pareeya Udomkusonsri, Pedro Marin, Amnart Poapolathep
Summary: The study evaluated the pharmacokinetic features of enrofloxacin and its metabolite ciprofloxacin in green sea turtles after single intravenous and intramuscular administration. It was found that a single intramuscular administration of enrofloxacin at a dosage of 5 mg/kg body weight may be clinically appropriate for treating susceptible bacteria in green sea turtles.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ian Keen Koo, Poh Teck Lim, Xiao Chen, K. B. Goh
Summary: In this paper, a molecular theory is proposed to explain foulant formation in polymeric catalytic membranes. The theory considers the interaction between reactants/products and membranes, and captures the coupled reaction-diffusion phenomena. It is found that attractive reactant-membrane interactions enhance diffusion but reduce catalytic activity, while repulsive interactions limit foulant formation and membrane performance.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Johanna Seeger, Robin Michelet, Charlotte Kloft
Summary: The study investigates persister formation of E. coli under levofloxacin exposure and the growth-kill behavior, revealing strain-specific potency differences and persister formation. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling adequately characterizes the exposure-effect relationships of the bacterial isolates.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alessandra Monteleone, Alessia Viola, Enrico Napoli, Gaetano Burriesci
Summary: In this paper, a novel model based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method is proposed to simulate thrombus formation. The model describes the main phases of the coagulative cascade by balancing biochemical species and platelets. SPH particles can transition from fluid to solid phase based on specific biochemical and physical conditions. The interaction between blood and the forming blood clot is handled using an innovative monolithic fluid-structure interaction (FSI) approach.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammed Almaghrabi, Arafa Musa, Ahmed K. B. Aljohani, Hany E. A. Ahmed, Marwa Alsulaimany, Samar F. Miski, Ehab M. Mostafa, Shaimaa Hussein, Della Grace Thomas Parambi, Mohammed M. Ghoneim, Walid E. Elgammal, Ahmed H. Halawa, Ali Hammad, Ahmed M. El-Agrody
Summary: The study presents a convenient method to synthesize a novel pyranopyrazole scaffold and evaluates its antimicrobial activity. The results demonstrate that these compounds exhibit broad or selective antibacterial effects against multiple bacterial strains, with the biphenyl analog 4j showing the most potent inhibitory activity. Moreover, the study validates the interaction mechanism and stability of these compounds through in vitro and in vivo experiments.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Stephan Schaller, Frederico S. Martins, Pavel Balazki, Sonja Bohm, Joachim Baumgart, Ralf A. Hilger, Dietrich W. Beelen, Claudia Hemmelmann, Arne Ring
Summary: The PBPK model for treosulfan was developed using in vitro to in vivo extrapolation, showing low potential for DDI on CYP3A4 and CYP2C19, but no DDI on P-gp. Medicinal products with a narrow therapeutic index that are substrates for CYP3A4, CYP2C19, or P-gp should not be given during treatment with treosulfan.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Lu Liu, Le Yang, Wei Li, Xiaoyan Chen
Summary: In this study, we developed a sensitive and reliable LC-MS/MS method for quantifying almonertinib and its metabolite HAS-719. We also investigated the pharmacokinetic effects of these compounds in humans using modulators of CYP3A, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of almonertinib. The method was successfully applied to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of almonertinib in healthy subjects exposed to a single dose of the drug.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria E. Penafiel, Damian Flores
Summary: This study investigates the adsorption of antibiotic and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, namely ciprofloxacin (CPX), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), ibuprofen (IBU), and diclofenac (DCF), on sugarcane bagasse in both single- and multi-solute adsorption experiments. The maximum adsorption capacities of CPX, DCF, IBU, and SMX as single components were 0.98, 0.77, 0.61, and 0.51 mg/g, respectively. The presence of CPX did not affect the adsorption of other solutes, while the adsorption of SMX was lower in the presence of competitors. The results suggest that sugarcane bagasse can effectively adsorb drugs in multi-component systems.
Article
Fisheries
Wenjing Zhang, Jingxin Wang, Guangming Zheng, Yi Yin, Xinping Zhu, Qi Shan, Yuanhao Yang, Lisha Ma, Lichun Li, Shugui Liu
Summary: This study demonstrated that ENR had slow absorption, long half-life, and wide tissue distribution in northern snakehead, primarily metabolized in the liver. It is effective in treating infections caused by susceptible strains with MIC values below 0.7 μg/mL, with a recommended withdrawal period of at least 18 days at 25°C after treatment ceased.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hanaa Adsi, Shon A. Levkovich, Elvira Haimov, Topaz Kreiser, Massimiliano Meli, Hamutal Engel, Luba Simhaev, Shai Karidi-Heller, Giorgio Colombo, Ehud Gazit, Dana Laor Bar-Yosef
Summary: This study reveals the inhibitory effect of chemical chaperones on metabolite amyloid formation, expanding their functional repertoire and providing insights into their ability to reduce toxicity and cellular amyloid content.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Bianca J. Levkovich, Judit Orosz, Gordon Bingham, D. James Cooper, Michael Dooley, Carl Kirkpatrick, Daryl A. Jones
Summary: Medication-related activations accounted for one-fourth of emergency team activations, often occurring early in a patient's admission. One-third of these medication-related activations were potentially preventable, with the most common causes being omission of beta-blockers and clinically inappropriate use of antihypertensive drugs.
BMJ QUALITY & SAFETY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
George S. Q. Tan, Erica K. Sloan, Pete Lambert, Carl M. J. Kirkpatrick, Jenni Ilomaki
Summary: The use of real-world data in drug repurposing is advantageous for supplementing de novo drug discovery and incorporating real-world evidence in regulatory approvals. A scoping review analyzed 250 studies, including hypothesis generation, hypothesis validation, and safety assessment. Challenges include isolated data sources, false-positive signals, bias and confounding in hypothesis validation, and the lack of regulatory guidance.
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Holly Foot, Carl Kirkpatrick, Grant Russell, Nancy Sturman, Amelia Cossart, Christopher Freeman
Summary: The study investigates the attitudes of GPs, patients, and practice pharmacists towards the practice pharmacist model of care in the Australian primary care setting. The results show that the model is well accepted by all stakeholders and has promising evidence for broader implementation in the healthcare setting.
RESEARCH IN SOCIAL & ADMINISTRATIVE PHARMACY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Guohua An, C. Buddy Creech, Nan Wu, Roger L. Nation, Kenan Gu, Demet Nalbant, Natalia Jimenez-Truque, William Fissell, Stephanie Rolsma, Pratish C. Patel, Amy Watanabe, Nicholas Fishbane, Carl M. J. Kirkpatrick, Cornelia B. Landersdorfer, Patricia Winokur
Summary: The population pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis of meropenem in 114 critically ill patients showed that the drug's clearance is affected by creatinine clearance and continuous renal replacement therapy, while volume of distribution is influenced by total bodyweight. The developed model serves as a valuable addition to the existing meropenem population PK models and is particularly useful for therapeutic drug monitoring programs with Bayesian forecasting. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrated that the dosing regimens of 2 g every 8 h with 3-h prolonged infusion (PI) and 4 g/day by continuous infusion (CI) are superior in terms of target attainment and potential toxicity when renal function information is unavailable.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Marion Hemmersbach-Miller, Stephen J. Balevic, Patricia L. Winokur, Cornelia B. Landersdorfer, Kenan Gu, Austin W. Chan, Michael Cohen-Wolkowiez, Thomas Conrad, Guohua An, Carl M. J. Kirkpatrick, Geeta K. Swamy, Emmanuel B. Walter, Kenneth E. Schmader
Summary: This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics of piperacillin/tazobactam and its changes in older adults. The estimated creatinine clearance had the most significant impact on the elimination clearance of piperacillin and tazobactam. Frailty did not have a remaining impact on their pharmacokinetics after accounting for renal function and body size.
CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sam Mostafa, Thomas M. M. Polasek, Chad Bousman, Amin Rostami-Hodjegan, Leslie J. J. Sheffield, Ian Everall, Christos Pantelis, Carl M. J. Kirkpatrick
Summary: Studies that focus on individual covariates and ignore their interactions may not be adequate for model-informed precision dosing (MIPD). This study aimed to construct virtual twins (VTs) of real patients receiving clozapine with interacting covariates related to genetics and environment and to determine the impact of these interacting covariates on predicted clozapine plasma concentrations. The results showed that increasing covariate virtualization improved the accuracy and reliability of the prediction models.
CPT-PHARMACOMETRICS & SYSTEMS PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Silvia Lopez-Argueello, Maria Montaner, Alaa R. M. Sayed, Antonio Oliver, Jurgen B. Bulitta, Bartolome Moya
Summary: Beta-lactam antibiotics have been effective against susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but their penetration ability and binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) in intact bacteria have not been well studied. This research investigated the time course of PBP binding and target site penetration of 15 compounds in P. aeruginosa PAO1. The results showed that PBPs 1-4 were considerably bound in lysed bacteria, but the binding was attenuated in intact bacteria for slow penetrating beta-lactams. Imipenem showed the highest killing effect, while other drugs had lower killing rates. The study also found a correlation between PBP5/6 binding and the rate of net influx and PBP access.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Guohua An, C. Buddy Creech, Nan Wu, Roger L. Nation, Kenan Gu, Demet Nalbant, Natalia Jimenez-Truque, William Fissell, Pratish C. Patel, Nicholas Fishbane, Amy Watanabe, Stephanie Rolsma, Carl M. J. Kirkpatrick, Cornelia B. Landersdorfer, Patricia Winokur
Summary: This study aimed to identify rational empirical dosing strategies for cefepime treatment in critically ill patients. Continuous infusion of cefepime was found to be a promising strategy with higher breakpoint coverage compared to intermittent infusions. The results of this study can serve as useful references for physicians in making dosing decisions.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Letter
Neurosciences
Thomas M. Polasek, Sam Mostafa, Carl M. J. Kirkpatrick
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY & NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carlo Matera, Michael Kauk, Davide Cirillo, Marco Maspero, Claudio Papotto, Daniela Volpato, Ulrike Holzgrabe, Marco De Amici, Carsten Hoffmann, Clelia Dallanoce
Summary: In recent years, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) receptor sensors have played a significant role in studying GPCR ligand binding and activation. Researchers have synthesized two series of bitopic ligands, known as 12-Cn and 13-Cn, and examined their pharmacological effects on M-1, M-2, M-4, and M-5 FRET-based receptor sensors. The results showed selective activation of M-1 mAChRs with tertiary amine compounds 12-C5, 12-C7, and 12-C9, while methyl tetrahydropyridinium salts 13-C5, 13-C7, and 13-C9 exhibited some selectivity for M-1 and M-4 mAChRs. These findings provide insights into ligand-receptor interactions at a molecular level and offer new tools for studying them.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Rasmus Walther, Jovana Krmar, Adrian Leistner, Bojana Svrkota, Biljana Otasevic, Andjelija Malenovic, Ulrike Holzgrabe, Ana Protic
Summary: A robust liquid chromatography method with charged aerosol detection was proposed as an alternative to the time-consuming and error-prone pharmacopoeial gas chromatography method for the analysis of fatty acids (FAs). The method utilized a gradient method with a Hypersil Gold C-18 column and acetonitrile as organic modifier to analyze polysorbate 80 (PS80) and magnesium stearate. Risk-based Analytical Quality by Design approach was applied to define the Method Operable Design Region (MODR), with critical method parameters (CMPs) including formic acid concentration, initial and final percentages of acetonitrile, gradient elution time, column temperature, and mobile phase flow rate.
Article
Health Policy & Services
John K. Jackson, Shane L. Scahill, Michael Mintrom, Carl M. Kirkpatrick
Summary: Since 1990, the Community Pharmacy Agreements (Agreements) between the Australian Federal government and the Pharmacy Guild of Australia (PGA) have had a significant impact on Australian community pharmacy. The Agreements primarily focus on dispensing remuneration and restrictions on the establishment of new pharmacies. Criticisms include the self-interest of pharmacy owners, lack of transparency, and impact on competition.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL POLICY AND PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jessica R. R. Tait, Marina Harper, Sara Cortes-Lara, Kate E. E. Rogers, Carla Lopez-Causape, Thomas R. R. Smallman, Yinzhi Lang, Wee Leng Lee, Jieqiang Zhou, Jurgen B. Bulitta, Roger L. L. Nation, John D. D. Boyce, Antonio Oliver, Cornelia B. B. Landersdorfer
Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy of ceftolozane-tazobactam against multidrug-resistant hypermutable P. aeruginosa isolates in cystic fibrosis (CF) using the hollow-fiber infection model. Results showed that isolates CW41 and CW44 harbored preexisting resistant subpopulations while CW35 did not. This emphasizes the importance of using ceftolozane-tazobactam in combination with another antibiotic in CF patients.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Victoria L. Oliver, Sarah Siederer, Anthony Cahn, Katarzyna Gajewska-Knapik, Rachel A. Gibson, Cleo Goodall, Carl Kirkpatrick, Jack Murray, Tri-Hung Nguyen, Ian Schneider, Pete Lambert, Michelle P. Mcintosh, Simon Parry
Summary: This study examines the role of ex vivo oxytocin metabolism and stability in late-stage pregnancy blood. The findings suggest that collecting blood into tubes containing EDTA effectively stabilizes oxytocin and inhibits oxytocinase activity. The measured concentrations of oxytocin vary between different analytical methods.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Steven Ivulich, Eldho Paul, Carl Kirkpatrick, Michael Dooley, Greg Snell
Summary: Everolimus (EVE) is an alternative immunosuppressive agent for lung transplant recipients (LTR) who cannot tolerate conventional immunosuppression. It can be used as part of a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) minimization or elimination strategy. This study compared the safety and efficacy outcomes of EVE in LTR receiving either a CNI minimization or elimination regimen. The results showed that LTR receiving EVE as part of the CNI elimination strategy had poorer survival outcomes, while the utilization of EVE for renal preservation was associated with improved survival. The study highlighted the importance of retaining a low dose CNI in immunosuppressive regimens for superior survival outcomes.
TRANSPLANT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
