Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
J. S. P. Tulloch, J. A. Oxley, R. M. Christley, C. Westgarth
Summary: This study aimed to describe the incidence and demographics of fatal dog bites or strikes in England and Wales from 2001 to 2021. A descriptive analysis of mortality data was conducted, and individuals who died from being bitten or struck by a dog were identified. The results showed that dog-related deaths are rare and have not increased during the study period. Further information is needed to develop public health strategies and interventions.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Charlotte Sturley, Paul Norman, Michelle Morris, Amy Downing
Summary: This study found an association between socio-economic status (SES) and colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and survival, both at the individual and area levels. Individual-level factors such as educational attainment, social class, and housing tenure, as well as area-level deprivation, were found to be related to CRC incidence and survival. These findings highlight the importance of considering SES in public health interventions for CRC.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeffrey S. Damrauer, Wolfgang Beckabir, Jeff Klomp, Mi Zhou, Elizabeth R. Plimack, Matthew D. Galsky, Petros Grivas, Noah M. Hahn, Peter H. O'Donnell, Gopa Iyer, David Quinn, Benjamin G. Vincent, Diane Zipursky Quale, Sara E. Wobker, Katherine A. Hoadley, William Y. Kim, Matthew Milowsky
Summary: UC-GENOME is a genomic analysis study on metastatic urothelial carcinoma, which identified features associated with benefit to chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibition, and developed a computational model for predicting immune checkpoint inhibitor response. This study provides a foundation for better understanding the biology of urothelial carcinoma.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Guangliang Jiang, Hui Wang, Da Huang, Yishuo Wu, Weihong Ding, Qidong Zhou, Qiang Ding, Ning Zhang, Rong Na, Ke Xu
Summary: High expression of CX3CL1 is significantly associated with poor prognosis in bladder cancer, promoting cell proliferation and invasion. Knockdown of CX3CL1 resulted in upregulation of CDH1 and downregulation of ETS1, RAF1, and EIF4E, with inhibition of the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Economics
Gissell Huaccha
Summary: This study provides robust empirical evidence of the existence of patterns of persistence of the energy efficiency gap and analyses cross-sectional heterogeneity in such persistence using a large sample of domestic dwellings in England and Wales. The study finds that the energy efficiency gap exhibits a high degree of persistence and significant cross-sectional heterogeneity, which contributes to the scarce academic literature in the field and can inform the design of effective policies to achieve energy security and climate change goals while addressing socioeconomic inequalities.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ian Martin, Alwyn Hart
Summary: Antifungals such as ketoconazole and miconazole were detected in biosolids from ten sites in England and one in Wales, indicating that biosolids can be a viable pathway for these drugs to reach soil. The study also found the presence of prescription-only medications itraconazole and posaconazole, raising concerns about the potential for clinical resistance in patients. The levels of itraconazole in biosolids were alarmingly high, surpassing the Predicted No Effect Concentration for resistance selection in soil.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hideki Maeda, Riko Shingai, Kentaro Takeda, Asuka Hara, Yuna Murai, Momoka Ofuchi
Summary: This study found that the use of OS as an endpoint in clinical trials supporting the approval of anticancer drugs in Japan has increased since 2005, but approximately two-thirds of these approvals are still based on surrogates. Therefore, postmarketing surveillance studies of true endpoints are needed to validate the use of surrogates.
Article
Oncology
Mierxiati Abudurexiti, Jie Ma, Yao Li, Chuanyi Hu, Zhikang Cai, Zhong Wang, Ning Jiang
Summary: Prognostic factors in bladder cancer patients under 40 years old were investigated in a retrospective study. Tumor size and cancer stage were identified as significant independent prognostic risk factors for cancer-specific survival.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alexandre Canet, Meysam Qadrdan
Summary: The increased integration of variable renewable generation and the phase-out of fossil-based power stations require more flexibility from the demand sectors. Electrification of the residential heat sector in the UK can decarbonize heating and provide flexibility for balancing electricity supply and demand. This paper proposes a method for characterizing the flexibility of the electrified residential heat sector, considering influential factors such as temperature, thermal mass, and heat loss. Applying the method to England and Wales demonstrates significant potential for temporary reductions in electricity demand for heating, even during cold days.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hafizah Hasan, Alison Parker, Simon J. T. Pollard
Summary: This study explores the interplay between preventative risk management and regulatory style for the implementation of water safety plans in Malaysia and in England and Wales. Interviews and focus group discussions revealed themes related to the transition from drinking water quality surveillance to preventative risk management, including compliance policy concerns, overseeing risk management controls, and the portfolio of interventions suited to a more facilitative regulatory style.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Fabio Pagliarulo, Phil F. Cheng, Laurin Brugger, Nick van Dijk, Michiel van den Heijden, Mitchell P. Levesque, Karina Silina, Maries van den Broek
Summary: Lymphoid neogenesis in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) leads to the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which have positive prognostic and predictive associations. This study found that high TLS density, when combined with tumor mutational burden, serves as a novel independent prognostic biomarker in MIBC. Tumors with high TLS density showed increased gene signatures and infiltration of activated lymphocytes, particularly B-cell and CD8(+) T-cell co-infiltration. The study also identified TLS maturation subtypes, although TLS composition appeared to be influenced by the TME rather than the maturation status.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Paul Culatto, Lana Bojanic, Louis Appleby, Pauline Turnbull
Summary: The study found that homeless patients who died by suicide were more likely to have known risk factors for suicide and higher prevalence of substance misuse issues. The research recommends closer integration of services and increased awareness of risks during in-patient admission and in the weeks immediately after discharge.
Article
Oncology
Yoshihiro Kakeji, Takashi Ishikawa, Satoshi Suzuki, Kohei Akazawa, Tomoyuki Irino, Isao Miyashiro, Hiroyuki Ono, Haruhisa Suzuki, Satoshi Tanabe, Shigenori Kadowaki, Kei Muro, Takeo Fukagawa, Souya Nunobe, Takeyuki Wada, Hitoshi Katai, Yasuhiro Kodera
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed data from surgically resected cases of gastric cancer collected by the nationwide registry of the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association between 2001 and 2013. The analysis focused on tumor characteristics, surgical history, and survival distribution, providing a robust dataset for future analysis.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Baokun Zhang, Ying Yang
Summary: The overall mortality rate of lung cancer in England has decreased year by year, but men, the elderly, and those exposed to polluted air are still more susceptible to infection and death from lung cancer. The prevalence and mortality rate of lung cancer in the north of England is significantly higher than that in the south, and this gap is increasing year by year. Lung cancer risk can be effectively reduced by changing risk factors such as quitting smoking and improving air quality.
JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Claire M. de la Calle, Samuel L. Washington, Peter E. Lonergan, Maxwell Meng, Sima P. Porten
Summary: The majority of bladder cancer patients aged 18-40 present with low-grade, non-muscle-invasive disease associated with better survival. However, a subset of younger patients with a higher proportion of women presents with aggressive bladder cancer, partly explained by a higher prevalence of variant histology.
WORLD JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
(2021)