Article
Oncology
Yong-Moon Mark Park, Dale P. Sandler
Summary: The relationship between type 2 diabetes, metformin, and breast cancer is intricate. While T2D may increase the risk, metformin as a primary treatment option for T2D could potentially decrease the risk of breast cancer. Research efforts are focused on untangling the effects of T2D and metformin use on breast cancer risk in a prospective study.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kimberly A. Bertrand, Katie M. O'Brien, Lauren B. Wright, Julie R. Palmer, William J. Blot, A. Heather Eliassen, Lynn Rosenberg, Sven Sandin, Deirdre Tobias, Elisabete Weiderpass, Wei Zheng, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Hazel B. Nichols, Dale P. Sandler
Summary: The history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is not a risk factor for breast cancer in young women. The well-established protective effect of parity on the risk of ER-positive breast cancer persists even for pregnancies complicated by GDM.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Y-M M. Park, D. B. Bookwalter, K. M. O'Brien, C. L. Jackson, C. R. Weinberg, D. P. Sandler
Summary: The study found that type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, but the risk may be reduced with the use of metformin, particularly for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.
ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tianli Hui, Chao Shang, Liu Yang, Meiqi Wang, Ruoyang Li, Zhenchuan Song
Summary: Early reports suggest that the drug metformin, used to treat T2DM, may have a positive impact on the prognosis of cancer. A study on Chinese breast cancer patients with T2DM found that those using metformin showed improved disease-free and overall survival compared to those not using the drug.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Pei-Jing Yang, Ming-Feng Hou, Fu Ou-Yang, Eing-Mei Tsai, Tsu-Nai Wang
Summary: The study found that BMI < 24 and premenopause were associated with an increased risk of early-onset breast cancer and showed a positive interaction on an additive scale. Understanding the impact of obesity and menopausal status on early-onset breast cancer is crucial for developing preventive measures in Taiwan.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Monica Cejuela, Begona Martin-Castillo, Javier A. Menendez, Sonia Pernas
Summary: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, and metabolic traits associated with type 2 diabetes such as hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, inflammation, oxidative stress, and obesity are known risk factors. Metformin, a widely prescribed medication for diabetes, has been suggested to have anti-tumor effects based on previous studies. However, recent randomized controlled trials have shown disappointing results, particularly in metastatic breast cancer. This article reviews the mechanisms of action of metformin, discusses past and current clinical trials, and briefly explores future perspectives for incorporating metformin into the prevention and treatment of breast cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Yifan Lu, Ali Hajjar, Vincent L. Cryns, Amy Trentham-Dietz, Ronald E. Gangnon, Brandy M. Heckman-Stoddard, Oguzhan Alagoz
Summary: This study suggests that women with type 2 diabetes are more likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer, and this association is strengthened when adjusting for BMI and menopausal status. There was no significant reduction in breast cancer risk among users of metformin.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Morteza Gholami, Zeynab Nickhah Klashami, Pirooz Ebrahimi, Amir Ali Mahboobipour, Amir Salehi Farid, Aida Vahidi, Marziyeh Zoughi, Mojgan Asadi, Mahsa M. Amoli
Summary: This comprehensive study aims to review the association between long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and breast cancer (BC) features, and identify metformin-regulated lncRNAs and their mechanisms of action in BC and other types of cancers. The study found that metformin affects BC by regulating five BC-associated lncRNAs including GAS5, HOTAIR, MALAT1, and H19, through several molecular mechanisms. Additionally, metformin also acts on other types of cancers by regulating ten lncRNAs.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Angela N. Giaquinto, Hyuna Sung, Kimberly D. Miller, Joan L. Kramer, Lisa A. Newman, Adair Minihan, Ahmedin Jemal, Rebecca L. Siegel
Summary: This article provides an update on female breast cancer statistics in the United States, including data on incidence, mortality, survival, and mammography screening. It shows that breast cancer incidence rates have increased over the past few decades, driven by localized-stage and hormone receptor-positive disease. However, breast cancer mortality rates have been steadily declining since 1989, although at a slower pace in recent years. Despite lower incidence rates, there remains a racial disparity in breast cancer mortality, with higher rates among Black women compared to White women.
CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chin-Hsiao Tseng, Choon-Khim Chong, Jau-Jiuan Sheu
Summary: The study revealed that female sex, diabetes duration, hemoglobin A(1c), and hypertension are associated with sensory symptoms in Taiwanese diabetes patients. Numbness or tingling pain is the most common symptom, with fingers and toes being the most commonly affected anatomical sites.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yi-Chu Chen, Shih-Yung Su, Jing-Rong Jhuang, Chun-Ju Chiang, Ya-Wen Yang, Chao-Chun Wu, Li-Ju Lin, Wen-Chung Lee
Summary: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Taiwan. The incidence rate has doubled in 20 years. A study projected that the incidence rate will continue to increase but will plateau in 2031. Most future cases will be older women aged 55 and above. Education and mammography screening are needed. These findings have implications for other countries with similar breast cancer trends.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sara S. Bashraheel, Hadeel Kheraldine, Sarah Khalaf, Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
Summary: Due to the strong association between diabetes and cancer incidents, several anti-diabetic drugs, including metformin, have been examined for their anticancer activity. Metformin exhibits anticancer activity by impacting different molecular pathways and indirectly inhibiting IGF-1R signaling in breast malignancy. Breast cancer, especially the HER2-positive subtype, is highly aggressive with a high rate of lymph node metastasis. This review summarizes the association between diabetes and human cancer, focusing on metformin's anticancer activity and combination therapy strategies in HER2-positive breast cancer.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Krishna M. Gokhale, Nicola J. Adderley, Anuradhaa Subramanian, Wen Hwa Lee, Diana Han, Jesse Coker, Tasanee Braithwaite, Alastair K. Denniston, Pearse A. Keane, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar
Summary: This study aimed to explore the relationship between metformin use and the development of AMD in patients with type 2 diabetes in the UK. The results showed that there was no association between the use of metformin and the risk of developing AMD, regardless of whether other antidiabetic medications were also used.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Che-Yuan Wu, Christa Wang, Refik Saskin, Baiju R. Shah, Moira K. Kapral, Krista L. Lanctot, Nathan Herrmann, Hugo Cogo-Moreira, Bradley J. MacIntosh, Jodi D. Edwards, Walter Swardfager
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between metformin initiation and incident dementia in older adults newly diagnosed with diabetes. It found that early metformin initiation did not reduce the risk of dementia in this population.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shu-Hua Hsu, De-Kai Syu, Yu-Chiao Wang, Chih-Kuang Liu, Ming-Chih Chen
Summary: In a population-based cohort study conducted in Taiwan, it was found that the use of metformin and statins showed no association with female colorectal cancer (CRC) and did not provide a protective effect against it. The researchers suggested that an additional randomized trial is needed to investigate the effect of these drugs in CRC prevention.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Chin-Hsiao Tseng
Summary: The risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease is lower in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have been treated with metformin, compared to those who have never used it.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chin-Hsiao Tseng
Summary: The study found that the use of metformin is associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis and vertebral fractures. Both sexes in the patient population showed a dose-response pattern, with longer duration of metformin therapy consistently linked to reduced risk. The protective effect of metformin decreased with age but remained significant in patients aged 80 and older.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chin-Hsiao Tseng
Summary: This study investigated the association between metformin use and malignant brain tumors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The results showed a reduction in risk of malignant brain tumors associated with metformin use, especially after approximately 2-5 years of use.
Article
Respiratory System
Chin-Hsiao Tseng
Summary: A retrospective observational study in Taiwan found that the use of pioglitazone is associated with a significantly lower risk of developing COPD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. No interactions between pioglitazone and COPD risk factors such as pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, and tobacco abuse were noted.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Andrology
Chin-Hsiao Tseng
Summary: Metformin has various effects on men's health, with potential impacts on erectile dysfunction, steroidogenesis, spermatogenesis, prostate specific antigen, prostatitis, benign prostate hyperplasia, and prostate cancer. Studies on metformin's effects on these conditions are ongoing, with conflicting results on its effectiveness.
WORLD JOURNAL OF MENS HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chin-Hsiao Tseng
Summary: The use of metformin is associated with a reduced risk of benign brain tumors and cerebral meningiomas in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, with a dose-response pattern observed.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Chin-Hsiao Tseng
Summary: This retrospective cohort study investigated the association between metformin exposure and the risk of hearing loss. The results showed that patients with diabetes who used metformin had a lower risk of hearing loss. The risk reduction was more significant with longer duration of use and higher cumulative dose.
OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Chin-Hsiao Tseng
Summary: This study using Taiwan's National Health Insurance database found that type 2 diabetes patients who use metformin have a significantly lower risk of multiple myeloma, especially in patients who adhere to treatment.
Article
Andrology
Chin-Hsiao Tseng
Summary: This study found an association between the use of pioglitazone and a lower risk of prostate cancer. Among patients using pioglitazone, a cumulative duration of therapy greater than 20.23 months or a cumulative dose greater than 15,330 mg was associated with a significantly reduced risk of prostate cancer, primarily in patients aged less than 65 years.
WORLD JOURNAL OF MENS HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Andrology
Chin-Hsiao Tseng
Summary: This study examined the relationship between the use of metformin and the risk of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)/benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The results showed that males with type 2 diabetes who used metformin had a significantly lower risk of LUTS/BPH.
WORLD JOURNAL OF MENS HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Chin-Hsiao Tseng
Summary: This study confirms that metformin can reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Chin-Hsiao Tseng
Summary: This study investigated the potential effects of pioglitazone on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Using a nationwide database, the researchers found that pioglitazone did not have any significant impact on IBD risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Article
Dermatology
Chin-hsiao Tseng
Summary: Metformin use is associated with a significantly lower risk of immune-mediated skin diseases but a lack of preventive effect on androgen-mediated skin diseases.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Chin-Hsiao Tseng
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of rosiglitazone on the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The results showed that rosiglitazone had no significant effect on the risk of IBD, but there might be a potential benefit on ulcerative colitis (UC).
Article
Oncology
Chin-Hsiao Tseng
Summary: This study aims to investigate the association between TZD use and the risk of multiple myeloma. The findings suggest a lower risk of multiple myeloma associated with TZD, especially in patients aged 65 and above. TZD treatment may provide a survival advantage for patients.
