Article
Neurosciences
Chunlian Chen, Bo Li, Shufen Zhang, Zhe Liu, Yu Wang, Minghe Xu, Yuqing Ji, Shuang Wang, Gang Sun, Kai Liu
Summary: In this study, brain structural alterations and relevant functional changes in patients with postpartum depression (PPD) were investigated. The findings revealed increased gray matter volume in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, right precentral gyrus, and orbitofrontal cortex of PPD patients compared to healthy postnatal women. The functional connectivity between these regions also showed enhancement. Additionally, the increased gray matter volume in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the functional connectivity between the right precentral gyrus and right median cingulate gyrus were positively correlated with the severity of depression symptoms.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jin Hua Zheng, Wen Hua Sun, Jian Jun Ma, Zhi Dong Wang, Qing Qing Chang, Lin Rui Dong, Xiao Xue Shi, Ming Jian Li, Qi Gu, Si Yuan Chen
Summary: This study found smaller overall gray matter volume in patients with Parkinson's disease, particularly in the right superior temporal gyrus and left frontotemporal region. This structural abnormality may be correlated with patients' age and severity of movement disorder, and enhanced brain activity was also observed.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Hongyu Wu, Ban Luo, Qiuxia Wang, Yali Zhao, Gang Yuan, Ping Liu, Linhan Zhai, Wenzhi Lv, Jing Zhang
Summary: This study explored the brain characteristics and their relationship with ophthalmologic performance in patients with dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON). The results showed significant morphological and functional alterations in the visual cortex of DON patients, which may provide insights into the mechanism of vision loss and facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of DON.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jin Hua Zheng, Wen Hua Sun, Jian Jun Ma, Zhi Dong Wang, Qing Qing Chang, Lin Rui Dong, Xiao Xue Shi, Ming Jian Li, Qi Gu, Si Yuan Chen, Dong Sheng Li
Summary: The PIGD and TD motor subtypes of Parkinson's disease have different clinical manifestations. This study found that PIGD patients had smaller gray matter volume in the medial frontal gyrus, which was negatively correlated with the severity of PIGD symptoms. Additionally, PIGD patients showed stronger functional connectivity between the right superior frontal gyrus and other brain regions. These findings help explain the clinical differences between the two motor subtypes of PD.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Miaomiao Yu, Xinyu Gao, Xiaoyu Niu, Mengzhe Zhang, Zhengui Yang, Shaoqiang Han, Jingliang Cheng, Yong Zhang
Summary: This article aimed to investigate the common and certain neural alterations in the structure and function of the brain in patients with ADHD through a comprehensive analysis of multiple neuroimaging studies. The study found abnormal changes in the structure and function of the brain in ADHD patients, which may be associated with the left superior frontal gyrus and the corpus callosum, serving as imaging metrics for ADHD patients in the future.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Sandra Manninen, Tomi Karjalainen, Lauri J. Tuominen, Jarmo Hietala, Valtteri Kaasinen, Juho Joutsa, Juha Rinne, Lauri Nummenmaa
Summary: In a retrospective analysis of brain scans from 328 subjects, grey matter density was found to be correlated with availability of mu-opioid and dopamine D2 receptors, as well as serotonin transporters measured through PET scans. The study suggests that future research should consider the interactive effects of grey matter density and PET outcome measures when comparing different groups such as patients and controls.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dongxiao Zhang, Danni Zhong, Jiang Ouyang, Jian He, Yuchen Qi, Wei Chen, Xingcai Zhang, Wei Tao, Min Zhou
Summary: In this study, researchers have successfully developed an oral delivery system using Spirulina platensis as a microcarrier to protect the whole small intestine from radiation-induced injury during radiotherapy. The system accumulates the drug effectively and provides superior radioprotection compared to free drug and enteric capsules, preventing radiation-induced intestinal injury without affecting tumor regression. It also has benefits on gut microbiota homeostasis and long-term safety.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Eun Namgung, Woo-Jung Song, Yong-Hwan Kim, Jin An, You Sook Cho, Dong-Wha Kang
Summary: The study found that patients with chronic refractory cough exhibited structural and functional alterations in the left frontal brain regions, which were associated with cough duration, severity, and psychological/social impact.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Walter H. L. Pinaya, Cristina Scarpazza, Rafael Garcia-Dias, Sandra Vieira, Lea Baecker, Pedro F. da Costa, Alberto Redolfi, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Michela Pievani, Vince D. Calhoun, Joao R. Sato, Andrea Mechelli
Summary: The study evaluated normative models based on deep autoencoders using structural neuroimaging data from patients with Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Patients exhibited deviations according to the severity of their clinical condition, with key brain regions identified as critical for calculating the deviation score. The normative model demonstrated comparable cross-cohort generalizability to traditional classifiers and the scripts and trained models are available to the wider research community for open science promotion.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Lin Song, Xiaodong Han, Yuanjing Li, Xiaolei Han, Mingqing Zhao, Chunyan Li, Pin Wang, Jiafeng Wang, Yi Dong, Lin Cong, Xiaojuan Han, Tingting Hou, Keke Liu, Yongxiang Wang, Chengxuan Qiu, Yifeng Du
Summary: The KIBRA rs17070145 C-allele is associated with a reduced likelihood of olfactory impairment among older adults, partly mediated through left thalamic gray matter volume.
Article
Oncology
Sweta Sharma Saha, Lucy Gentles, Alice Bradbury, Dominik Brecht, Rebecca Robinson, Rachel O'Donnell, Nicola J. Curtin, Yvette Drew
Summary: This study identified that genomic/transcriptomic and/or functional alterations in DDR pathways can determine therapy response, offering insights into personalized chemotherapy choices for ovarian cancer patients.
Article
Neurosciences
Hao Liu, Haiman Hou, Fangfang Li, Ruiping Zheng, Yong Zhang, Jingliang Cheng, Shaoqiang Han
Summary: This study revealed concurrent structural and functional changes in patients with classic trigeminal neuralgia (CTN), specifically in the right hippocampus and fusiform gyrus (FFG), indicating the vital role of these regions in the pathophysiology of CTN.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Richard Agren, Amar Awad, Patric Blomstedt, Anders Fytagoridis
Summary: Comparison of cerebellar lobule volumes between ET patients and HCs using automated segmentation revealed smaller volumes in ET patients, opposing the hypothesis of localized atrophy in cerebellar motor areas in ET. However, the possibility of cerebellar pathophysiology in ET was not ruled out. Further prospective investigations using alternative neuroimaging modalities may help elucidate the pathophysiology of ET and guide diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Zhenwei Shi, Xiaomei Huang, Ziliang Cheng, Zeyan Xu, Huan Lin, Chen Liu, Xiaobo Chen, Chunling Liu, Changhong Liang, Cheng Lu, Yanfen Cui, Chu Han, Jinrong Qu, Jun Shen, Zaiyi Liu
Summary: A quantitative measure of intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) on pretreatment MRI scans, combined with conventional radiomics features and clinicopathologic variables, shows good performance in predicting pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with breast cancer.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ryuzo Orihashi, Yoshiomi Imamura, Shigeto Yamada, Akira Monji, Yoshito Mizoguchi
Summary: This study investigated the association between serum cortisol levels and brain volume among older adults in rural Japan aged 65 years and above. The results showed a negative correlation between serum cortisol levels at baseline and brain volume in the left hippocampus region. Serum cortisol levels may serve as a peripheral biomarker of age-related volume changes involving the hippocampus in older adults.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Brea L. Perry, Adam R. Roth, Siyun Peng, Shannon L. Risacher, Andrew J. Saykin, Liana G. Apostolova
Summary: Social network attributes moderate the association between amygdalar volume and cognitive function. Participants with diverse and loosely connected social networks have better cognitive function regardless of amygdalar volume. These findings suggest that interacting with multiple social relationships can promote cognitive reserve.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jun Pyo Kim, Bo-Hyun Kim, Paula J. Bice, Sang Won Seo, David A. Bennett, Andrew J. Saykin, Kwangsik Nho
Summary: Through analysis of data from two independent cohorts, we found that DNA methylation alterations may be involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and identified 15 key CpG sites associated with AD pathology.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Victoria L. Champion, Patrick O. Monahan, Timothy E. Stump, Erika B. Biederman, Eric Vachon, Mira L. Katz, Susan M. Rawl, Ryan D. Baltic, Carla D. Kettler, Natalie L. Zaborski, Electra D. Paskett
Summary: This research investigated the effectiveness of mailed DVD and DVD + PN interventions in increasing mammography screening among rural women. The combined DVD + PN group had over 5 times higher rate of receiving a mammogram within 12 months compared to usual care. Guideline-based mammography screening is crucial for reducing breast cancer mortality, but rural women have lower up to date rates compared to urban women.
Review
Neuroimaging
Cecily G. Swinford, Shannon L. Risacher, Yu-Chien Wu, Liana G. Apostolova, Sujuan Gao, Paula J. Bice, Andrew J. Saykin
Summary: The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease in the U.S. is expected to reach 13 million by 2050. Currently, there are no treatments available to stop or reverse the progressive cognitive decline associated with the disease. Preventive treatment before significant cognitive decline occurs may be the solution, but there is a need for a reliable biomarker to identify older adults at highest risk. Quantitative cerebral blood flow shows promise as a potential early biomarker for Alzheimer's disease, but further research is needed to fully understand the patterns of altered blood flow.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Xiaochen I. Zhang, Mohamed Elsaid, Cecilia L. DeGraffinreid, Victoria D. Champion, Electra Paskett
Summary: The study aims to examine delays in cancer screenings during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that among participants eligible for cancer screenings, 60% planned to undergo screening, with 24% delaying mammograms, 27% delaying Pap tests, 27% delaying HPV tests, 11% delaying stool blood tests, and 36% delaying colonoscopies. Age, race/ethnicity, education, and health insurance were associated with delays in cancer screenings.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Jung-Min Pyun, Young Ho Park, Jiebiao Wang, Paula J. Bice, David A. Bennett, SangYun Kim, Andrew J. Saykin, Kwangsik Nho
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Sharon L. Manne, Cheryl L. Knott, Ann Berger, Victoria L. Champion, Elizabeth Chrischilles, Marian L. Fitzgibbon, Anita Y. Kinney, Eugene J. Lengerich, Sarah H. Nash, Melissa A. Simon, Amy Trentham-Dietz, Electra D. Paskett
Summary: In 2021, the NCI issued updated guidance clarifying the mission of cancer centers in addressing the cancer burden of the catchment area (CA) and partnering with the community to reduce the cancer burden. This paper discusses the approaches to implementing these guidelines and the impact of these efforts on the burden of cancer in respective CAs. The authors also highlight the challenge of implementing the new guidelines and hope to foster cross-center collaborations for effective reduction of the cancer burden in the US.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Samuel M. Cohen, Christopher Bevan, Bhaskar Gollapudi, James E. Klaunig
Summary: Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is widely used and known to be toxic, especially to the liver. The metabolism of CCl4 produces radicals that interact with cell components and cause cellular damage and death. Chronic exposure to CCl4 in rodents can lead to liver tumors, but the dose and duration of exposure are important factors for tumor occurrence. High exposure to CCl4 also increases adrenal benign pheochromocytomas in mice, but these tumors are not relevant to human cancer risk. Epidemiology studies on CCl4 have limitations and do not provide credible evidence of increased liver or adrenal cancer risk. This manuscript summarizes the toxicity and carcinogenicity of CCl4, focusing on its mode of action, dose-response relationship, and human relevance.
JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART B-CRITICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Natalia M. Rodriguez, Luke P. Brennan, Layla Claure, Lara N. Balian, Victoria L. Champion, Michele R. Forman
Summary: Cervical cancer screening rates are declining in the US and strategies are needed to reach under-screened communities. The COVID pandemic has led to changes in healthcare delivery and increased demand for self-testing. Rapid tests for HPV have the potential to improve screening coverage, but clinician concerns about accuracy and patient self-sampling need to be addressed. Clinicians in Indiana, a state with high cervical cancer mortality, have mixed views on rapid testing and self-testing.
Article
Oncology
Kelly Nudelman, Kwangsik Nho, Michael Zhang, Brenna C. McDonald, Wanting Zhai, Brent J. Small, Claire E. Wegel, Paul B. Jacobsen, Heather S. L. Jim, Sunita K. Patel, Deena M. A. Graham, Tim A. Ahles, James C. Root, Tatiana Foroud, Elizabeth C. Breen, Judith E. Carroll, Jeanne S. Mandelblatt, Andrew J. Saykin
Summary: This study found that genetics may play an important role in modifying risk for cognitive decline in older female breast cancer survivors. Several genetic variants and genes were identified to be associated with differences in patterns of cognitive decline in cancer patients compared to controls. Further research and validation of these findings in other cancer populations is necessary to inform therapeutic research and evaluations of risk for cognitive decline in older cancer survivors.
Article
Cell Biology
Rafi Haque, Caroline M. Watson, Jiaqi Liu, E. Kathleen Carter, Duc M. Duong, James J. Lah, Aliza P. Wingo, Blaine R. Roberts, Erik C. B. Johnson, Andrew J. Saykin, Leslie M. Shaw, Nicholas T. Seyfried, Thomas S. Wingo, Allan I. Levey
Summary: This study developed a reliable and high-throughput mass spectrometry assay to detect 48 key proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and found that this panel of proteins performed at least as well as existing biomarkers in predicting clinical diagnosis, brain imaging results, cognitive decline, and dementia severity in Alzheimer's disease. Combining this panel with existing biomarkers significantly improved diagnostic accuracy and prediction of disease progression.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Thea J. Rosewood, Kwangsik Nho, Shannon L. Risacher, Sujuan Gao, Li Shen, Tatiana Foroud, Andrew J. Saykin
Summary: The genetic susceptibility for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not fully understood. This study used an endophenotype approach to identify genetic associations and discovered novel genetic loci related to AD. These findings provide deeper insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying AD.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
S. R. Cohen, A. Wishard Guerra, J. Miguel, K. Bottema-Beutel, G. Oliveira
Summary: This study examines the daily language interactions in multilingual families with neurodiverse children. Through a language socialization framework and a case study methodology, the researchers collected and analyzed 4,991 English and Spanish utterances from a 5-year-old autistic child and his family over a period of 10 days. The findings show significant variations in code-switching type and function based on activity setting and speaker. The implications of integrating home language resources into autism interventions are discussed.
JOURNAL OF CHILD LANGUAGE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Patinya Suriyong, Surin Jiraniramai, Nahathai Wongpakaran, Kanokporn Pinyopornpanish, Chaisiri Angkurawaranon, Wichuda Jiraporncharoen, Victoria L. Champion, Tinakon Wongpakaran
Summary: The study aimed to translate and validate the CHBMS for breast self-examination and mammography among Thai women, and to modify the original scale by adding ultrasound items for breast cancer screening. The final MT-CHBMS consisted of 64 items determining ten subscales. The MT-CHBMS was found to be a reliable and valid tool for measuring individuals' attitudes toward breast cancer and screening methods.
Article
Sport Sciences
Edward Simpson, Jill L. Reiter, Jie Ren, Zhiqi Zhang, Kelly N. Nudelman, Larry D. Riggen Jr, Michael D. Menser, Jaroslaw Harezlak, Tatiana M. Foroud, Andrew J. Saykin, Alison Brooks, Kenneth L. Cameron, Stefan M. Duma, Gerald Mcginty, Steven Rowson, Steven J. Svoboda, Steven P. Broglio, Michael A. McCrea, Paul F. Pasquina, Thomas W. Mcallister, Yunlong Liu, CARE Consortium Investigators
Summary: This study analyzed the gene expression changes in peripheral blood following concussion in collegiate athletes. The results showed immediate activation of cytokine and immune response signaling pathways, which later seemed to be suppressed. Additionally, the study found an increase in neutrophils and a decrease in natural killer cells in the blood following concussion.
