Article
Neurosciences
Tiantian Qiu, Fei Xie, Qingze Zeng, Zhujing Shen, Guijin Du, Xiaopei Xu, Chao Wang, Xiaodong Li, Xiao Luo, Kaicheng Li, Peiyu Huang, Tianyi Zhang, Jinling Zhang, Shouping Dai, Minming Zhang
Summary: Cigarette smoking may affect the functioning of cortico-striatal circuits in patients with Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests that quitting smoking in the early stages of AD may have the potential to prevent disease progression.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wen-Hao Jiang, Huan-Huan Chen, Wen Chen, Qian Wu, Lu Chen, Jiang Zhou, Xiao-Quan Xu, Hao Hu, Fei-Yun Wu
Summary: This study examined the brain functional connectivity in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) using resting-state functional MRI. The results showed significant differences in functional connectivity density in certain brain regions between patients and healthy controls. Furthermore, a negative correlation was found between the connectivity density in one brain region and cognitive assessment scores.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Teruyuki Matsuoka, Daisuke Ueno, Zahinoor Ismail, Ellen Rubinstein, Hiroyuki Uchida, Masaru Mimura, Jin Narumoto
Summary: The study found a negative correlation between MBI and functional connectivity in the brain, especially in the domain of affective dysregulation, indicating that dysfunction in the FPCN may be associated with cognitive impairment in MBI and progression to dementia. Further longitudinal data are needed to examine this relationship.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Meta M. Boenniger, Kersten Diers, Sibylle C. Herholz, Mohammad Shahid, Tony Stoecker, Monique M. B. Breteler, Willem Huijbers
Summary: The new memory-encoding paradigm introduced here efficiently activates brain networks using auditory and visual stimuli, detecting sensory-specific and sensory-unspecific encoding activities. The use of a mixed design allows for comparison of sustained and transient activity, providing a comprehensive measurement of sensory activity in a short timeframe.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Martin Fungisai Gerchen, Franziska Weiss, Martina Kirsch, Alena Rentsch, Patrick Halli, Falk Kiefer, Peter Kirsch
Summary: This study developed a circuit-specific fMRI analysis approach to detect dynamic changes in frontostriatal functional connectivity in AUD patients. The results consistently showed a ventral shift in right orbitofrontal cortex PeaCoG in AUD patients, and reduced temporospatial variability of dynamic PeaCoG in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was associated with self-efficacy and days of abstinence.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Guanmao Chen, Pan Chen, JiaYing Gong, Yanbin Jia, Shuming Zhong, Feng Chen, Jurong Wang, Zhenye Luo, Zhangzhang Qi, Li Huang, Ying Wang
Summary: This study investigated the shared and specific patterns of dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) variability of the striato-cortical circuitry in bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). The results showed that both BD and MDD patients had common dFC alterations in the dorsal striatal-sensorimotor and ventral striatal-cognitive circuitries, while MDD patients had specific dFC alterations in the ventral striatal-affective circuitry.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Ryan C. Perez, DaeHee Kim, Aaron W. P. Maxwell, Juan C. Camacho
Summary: The association between hypoxia, cancer aggressiveness, and decreased therapeutic response is well-established. This review aims to summarize the molecular pathways associated with tumor hypoxia and the use of PET and MRI techniques for imaging hypoxia in cancer. It also discusses future directions and challenges in this field.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jiayu Wu, Ming Gao, Ruiqing Piao, Nana Feng, Bowen Geng, Peng Liu
Summary: The study compared the gray matter volume of the striatum between LPE patients and healthy controls, finding that LPE patients had significantly decreased GMV in four regions located in the bilateral caudate and putamen. Unique striatum-based structural covariance patterns in the two groups were mainly related to various brain regions.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Davide Fonti, Stanislas Lagarde, Francesca Pizzo, Wala Aboubakr, Christian Benar, Bernard Giusiano, Fabrice Bartolomei
Summary: This study found significant differences in functional connectivity between motor and non-motor seizures in parietal lobe epilepsy, particularly in the connection strength between parietal and premotor cortices. Surgical treatment had a positive impact on patient outcomes.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Marilena M. DeMayo, Ashley D. Harris, Yun Ju C. Song, Izabella Pokorski, Rinku Thapa, Shrujna Patel, Zahava Ambarchi, Emma E. Thomas, Ian B. Hickie, Adam J. Guastella
Summary: This study found that children with ASD have lower levels of GABA+ in the left parietal lobe compared to typically developing children, but these levels increase with age. In contrast, typically developing children do not show changes in GABA+ levels with age. This suggests that alterations in GABA signaling may be associated with ASD in childhood.
Review
Neurosciences
Dyecika Souza-Couto, Rafael Bretas, Tales Alexandre Aversi-Ferreira
Summary: This article discusses the two main regions of the parietal lobe, the somatosensory cortex and the posterior parietal cortex, and their respective functions. By integrating modern research findings with Luria's previous discoveries, it aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the roles assigned to the parietal lobe and its lateralization differences.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Marcus Grueschow, Birgit Kleim, Christian Carl Ruff
Summary: The locus coeruleus (LC) and noradrenaline (NE) play a crucial role in brain functions such as arousal, attention, and cognitive control. Recent findings suggest the existence of functional connectivity between LC-NE and the parietal cortex and striatum. The current study provides further evidence for this connectivity in humans, highlighting the importance of converging evidence between human and nonhuman neurophysiology.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sonia Membrives, Marina Lopez-Sola, Fernando Fernandez-Aranda, Isabel Sanchez, Ignacio Martinez-Zalacain, Diego Palao, Jesus Pujol, Jose M. Menchon, Chris G. Davey, Ben J. Harrison, Charlotte Keating, Susan L. Rossell, Joan C. Oliva, Carles Soriano-Mas, Narcis Cardoner, Esther Via
Summary: Research using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) found that individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) exhibit altered response patterns in the ventral striatum (VS) during repetitive social rejection, along with difficulty returning to baseline levels. These findings suggest potential targets for future studies exploring temporal dynamics in AN.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jingjuan Wang, Kun Guo, Bixiao Cui, Yaqin Hou, Guoguang Zhao, Jie Lu
Summary: The study utilized a machine learning model to identify [F-18]FDG PET and fMRI variations in the contralateral hippocampal network as potential biomarkers of unfavorable surgical outcomes in patients with medial temporal lobe epilepsy due to hippocampal sclerosis.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Marius E. Mayerhoefer, Lale Umutlu, Heiko Schoeder
Summary: Lymphomas are ideal targets for radiomics due to their distinct characteristics, and functional imaging tests play a crucial role in diagnosing and predicting treatment outcomes for lymphoma. However, more data is needed to support the application of radiomics in lymphoma due to differences in lymphoma subtypes and increasing treatment options.
Article
Neurosciences
Xiang-Zhen Kong, Clyde Francks
Summary: The problem of poor reproducibility of scientific findings has been a topic of concern in recent years. A recent multisite collaborative study investigated the reproducibility of brain anatomical left-right asymmetries in regional measures of surface area and cortical thickness. The study found an average reproducibility rate of 63.2%, with larger effects and larger datasets having higher reproducibility.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Emma Sciberras, Pooja Patel, Mark A. Stokes, David Coghill, Christel M. Middeldorp, Mark A. Bellgrove, Stephen P. Becker, Daryl Efron, Argyris Stringaris, Stephen V. Faraone, Susannah T. Bellows, Jon Quach, Tobias Banaschewski, Jane McGillivray, Delyse Hutchinson, Tim J. Silk, Glenn Melvin, Amanda G. Wood, Anna Jackson, George Loram, Lidia Engel, Alicia Montgomery, Elizabeth Westrupp
Summary: The study found that COVID-19 restrictions had negative impacts on children with ADHD, leading to reduced physical activity and outdoor time, decreased enjoyment in activities, and increased screen time and negative emotions. However, some parents reported positive changes in their children, such as increased family time during this period.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emma Sciberras, Melissa Mulraney, Nicole Hayes, Nicole Rinehart, Tibor Schuster, Shalika B. Mudiyanselage, Harriet Hiscock
Summary: This study investigates the clinician and parent views of a brief training program in managing sleep problems in children with ADHD. The findings show that the training program leads to improvements in clinician confidence and competence in managing sleep problems, and parents have positive perspectives on the program. Increased use of sleep strategies reported by parents is associated with improved sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Hugo A. E. Morandini, Pradeep Rao, Sean D. Hood, Kristi Griffiths, Timothy J. Silk, Florian D. Zepf
Summary: The study did not find a significant relationship between dietary omega-3 intake and resting-state functional connectivity or vigilant attention performance.
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
S. Thomas, L. M. Barnett, N. Papadopoulos, N. Lander, J. McGillivray, N. Rinehart
Summary: This study found that children with ASD performed significantly poorer on most measures of motor competence, except for manual dexterity and ball skills. Results suggest that moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary behavior may influence motor competence in all children, regardless of diagnosis. Establishing appropriate levels of engagement in physical activity during the early school years is important for the development of all children and may be an important early intervention avenue for motor impairment in children with ASD.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chloe Emonson, Nicole Papadopoulos, Nicole Rinehart, Ana Mantilla, Ian Fuelscher, Lynne M. Boddy, Caterina Pesce, Jane McGillivray
Summary: This pilot study investigated the feasibility and acceptability of implementing a classroom-based PA break program in Australian specialist schools. The results showed that classroom-based PA breaks can help children with disabilities be more active at school, but there were variations in teachers' perceptions, possibly related to the age and developmental level of the students in the class. Therefore, it is important to consider the heterogeneity of classes when implementing such programs.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Sophie Leitch, Emma Sciberras, Nicole Rinehart, Subhadra Evans
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary outcomes of a co-designed mindful parenting intervention (PTM) for parents of children with ADHD. The findings suggest that PTM was highly acceptable and showed promising effects for parents and children. However, intervention adherence was challenging due to various barriers.
CHILD PSYCHIATRY & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Family Studies
Clare Nowell, Jennifer H. Pfeifer, Peter Enticott, Tim Silk, Nandita Vijayakumar
Summary: Self-disclosure plays a crucial role in developing close interpersonal relationships during adolescence, especially when sharing deeper levels of information with close individuals. This strengthens social bonds and supports mental wellbeing.
JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE
(2023)
Article
Nursing
Louise Alexander, Nicole J. Rinehart, Marg Hay, Leanne Boyd, Kim Foster
Summary: Nearly half of people will experience a mental health issue in their lifetime, and all nurses should have mental health knowledge and skills regardless of specialization. A study on Australian nursing students found that most students had accepting attitudes towards people with mental illness, but there were differences in perceptions of dangerousness.
TEACHING AND LEARNING IN NURSING
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Daniel Senkowski, Theresa Ziegler, Mervyn Singh, Andreas Heinz, Jason He, Tim Silk, Robert C. Lorenz
Summary: In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on understanding the neurocognitive deficits in adult ADHD. A meta-analysis of 26 publications with 27 studies found reliable inhibitory control deficits in adult ADHD patients, as demonstrated by prolonged SST response times. The results suggest that the SST, along with other tests and questionnaires, could be a valuable tool for assessing inhibitory control deficits in adult ADHD.
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ian Fuelscher, Christian Hyde, Phoebe Thomson, Nandita Vijayakumar, Emma Sciberras, Daryl Efron, Vicki Anderson, Philip Hazell, Timothy J. Silk
Summary: Compared with the non-ADHD group, both the remitted and persistent ADHD groups showed accelerated white matter development in thalamic, striatal, and superior longitudinal fasciculus pathways. In the remitted ADHD group, accelerated white matter development in corticospinal, frontopontine, striatal-premotor, and thalamopremotor pathways was associated with greater reductions in ADHD symptom severity. The persistent ADHD group showed ongoing white matter alterations along sensorimotor pathways.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY-COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Moira Whelan, Jane McGillivray, Nicole J. J. Rinehart
Summary: Life Course Theory suggests that school transitions can disrupt academic and wellbeing development, and this study examines how autistic traits are associated with school transition outcomes. The results show that autistic traits explain a significant portion of the variance in Quality of Life (QOL), mental health, and school belonging. Various factors, such as gender, cognitive functioning, parent education, school attendance, school refusal, family structure, family functioning, and sleep problems, also predict different aspects of school transition outcomes.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Education, Special
Samantha Lewis, Nicole Papadopoulos, Ana Mantilla, Harriet Hiscock, Moira Whelan, Jane McGillivray, Nicole Rinehart
Summary: This systematic review examines the impact of sleep disturbance on autistic symptoms and behaviors, focusing on children with autism during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings suggest that sleep problems have worsened during this period and are associated with increased expression of autistic characteristics. Therefore, ongoing, accessible, and flexible service provision, particularly through behavioral sleep interventions, is essential.
RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Alasdair Vance, Janet McGaw, Jo Winther, Selena White, Joseph P. Gone, Sandra Eades
Summary: This study aims to explore the impact of social and psychological factors as well as household factors on the mental health outcomes of clinically referred indigenous young people. It was found that there were significant differences in key demographic and psychosocial risk factors between indigenous young people and the other two groups, which may have negative effects on their mental health.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Lillian M. Dipnall, Joseph Y. M. Yang, Jian Chen, Ian Fuelscher, Jeffrey M. Craig, Timothy J. Silk
Summary: Myelination of human brain white matter continues into adulthood and facilitates connection within and between brain networks. Previous MRI studies have shown that the microstructural properties of brain white matter increase during childhood and adolescence. However, little is known about the specific development of myelin. In this study, T1w/T2w ratio maps were used to estimate brain myelin in children entering adolescence. The results suggested a U-shaped developmental trajectory of myelin in most of the analyzed white matter tracts. There was no significant difference in myelination changes between biological sexes.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2023)
