Article
Plant Sciences
Gen Sakurai, Stanley J. Miklavcic
Summary: In this study, we used a detailed whole leaf hydraulic model to investigate the local operation of three stomatal conductance models distributed on a whole leaf scale. By examining the leaf-area distributions of photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, and guard cell turgor pressure, we quantified the behavior of these models and their responses to changes in environmental conditions. Our findings reveal that a stomatal conductance model which includes mechanical processes dependent on local variables predicts a spatial variation of physiological activity across the leaf, indicating that the leaf functions of photosynthesis and transpiration are not uniformly operative even under uniform external conditions. Our simulation experiments comparing two versions of a mechanical stomatal conductance model suggest that leaves exhibit a more complex spatial distribution pattern of both photosynthesis and transpiration rate and more complex dependencies on environmental conditions when a non-linear relationship between the stomatal aperture and guard cell and epidermal cell turgor pressures is implemented.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Guanjun Huang, Yu Shu, Shaobing Peng, Yong Li
Summary: Leaf structural traits, particularly the size of xylem and phloem in the leaf veins, have a significant impact on leaf photosynthesis and hydraulic conductance in rice plants, highlighting the importance of manipulating these overlooked leaf traits to improve photosynthetic efficiency.
Article
Plant Sciences
Joao Costa e Silva, Brad M. Potts, Georg Wiehl, Suzanne M. Prober
Summary: This study examined the traits and performance of Eucalyptus pauciflora trees in Tasmania, Australia. It found that leaf thickness and leaf density had direct effects on growth performance, with individuals having reduced leaf thickness and increased leaf density being favored. These findings suggest that early-stage selection may be mediated by the effects of performance on later-age survival.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Brent M. Nawrocki, Changhai Zhu, Timothy B. Johnson
Summary: The trophic ecology of juvenile salmonids in nearshore Lake Ontario was investigated using stomach content and stable isotope analysis. Differences in diet were found among different species and were influenced by body size. There was a high level of niche overlap among the salmonids.
JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Kanlayanee Wiangwiset, Abil Dermail, Narumol Piwpuan, Patcharin Songsri, Nakorn Jongrungklang
Summary: Interspecific hybridization and backcrossing between commercial and wild canes can transfer favorable alleles responsible for drought tolerance. This study evaluated the leaf anatomy of BC1 individuals and classified them based on heterosis values. Some clones in the BC1 population showed promising traits for stalk weight and leaf anatomy.
Article
Agronomy
Sakariyawo Olalekan Suleiman, Danbauchi Gajere Habila, Fofana Mamadou, Busari Mutiu Abolanle, Adeyemi Nurudeen Olatunbosun
Summary: This study found that under repeated cycles of water deficit at reproductive stage, drought-tolerant rice varieties NERICA 4 and 7 exhibited higher relative water content, stomatal conductance, and leaf photosynthetic rates compared to the drought-susceptible variety IR 64. Additionally, NERICA 4 and 7 also had significantly higher grain yield than IR 64.
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Federica Gaiotti, Luca Nerva, Gianni Fila, Lorenzo Lovat, Nicola Belfiore, Walter Chitarra
Summary: This study examines the physiological and structural mechanisms of three extensively cultivated grape varieties from Northern Italy in response to water stress. The findings reveal different water-use strategies among the varieties and identify leaf angle adjustment as a common adaptive response to drought.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Bokyung Choi, Yeojin Hwang, Scott A. M. Mcadam, Tae-Soo Jang
Summary: A comparative study of leaf micromorphological characteristics in Korean Ajuga species was conducted using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The research found considerable diversity in epidermal and stomatal anatomy across the species, with different types of stomatal complexes and various glandular trichomes. The study highlights the taxonomic usefulness of trichome type, epidermal cell shape, and stomatal morphology for species identification.
MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE
(2023)
Article
Entomology
Valeria Zeni, Arianna Grassi, Marco Santin, Renato Ricciardi, Ylenia Pieracci, Guido Flamini, Filippo Di Giovanni, Margherita Marmugi, Monica Agnolucci, Luciano Avio, Alessandra Turrini, Manuela Giovannetti, Monica Ruffini Castiglione, Annamaria Ranieri, Angelo Canale, Andrea Lucchi, Evgenios Agathokleous, Giovanni Benelli
Summary: The study found that AMF and UV-B have interconnected effects on the ecosystem. AMF can alleviate the negative effects of UV-B on plants, but UV-B alters the emission of VOCs in plants. However, these factors do not have a significant impact on the feeding behavior of polyphagous aphids.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yazen Al-Salman, Francisco J. Cano, Ling Pan, Fiona Koller, Juan Pineiro, David Jordan, Oula Ghannoum
Summary: Sustaining crop productivity and resilience in water-limited environments and under rising temperatures are worldwide concerns. This study investigated the leaf anatomical traits that contribute to intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) through its link with leaf width (LW), which is a valuable trait in plant breeding. The research involved growing ten sorghum lines with varying LW under different temperatures to analyze the gas exchange rates and leaf anatomy. The findings showed that narrow leaves had lower stomatal conductance (g(s)) and higher iWUE, as well as smaller intercellular airspaces, stomatal size, hydraulic pathway, and leaf mass per area. Structural modeling revealed a developmental association among leaf anatomical traits that influenced g(s) variation in sorghum. The study emphasized the impact of leaf width on both gas exchange rates and leaf anatomy, highlighting the importance of considering this trait in crop production.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Decky Indrawan Junaedi, Imawan Wahyu Hidayat, Muhammad Efendi, Zaenal Mutaqien, Musyarofah Zuhri, Taufikurrahman Nasution, Fitri Kurniawati, Muhammad Imam Surya, Lily Ismaini, Aisyah Handayani, Andes Hamuraby Rozak
Summary: This study in Indonesian mountain forests found that leaf thickness and habitat elevation were key factors influencing the abundance-weighted species richness of naturalized alien plant species, while leaf traits and environmental factors did not have a significant impact on the number of individuals per exotic species per plot.
JOURNAL OF MOUNTAIN SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Akinlolu O. Ohunakin, A. C. Odiyi, B. O. Akinyele
Summary: The study revealed that selecting high-yielding plants indirectly improves crop yield in diseased environments. The traits studied showed dominance gene effects over additive genes, and hybrids exhibited consistent reactions across different environments with significant and positive genetic correlations. The most stable hybrids across various environments were derived from resistant parental lines.
CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Boonsong Wanichwecharungruang, Aungnapa Kongthaworn, Doreen Wagner, Paisan Ruamviboonsuk, Kasem Seresirikachorn
Summary: The study utilized EDI-OCT to compare lamina cribrosa thickness between PACG and POAG patients, finding thinner LCT in glaucomatous eyes compared to controls, with maximum IOP inversely correlated to LCT. PACG eyes had higher maximum IOP and thinner LCT than POAG eyes, showcasing pressure-dependent mechanisms in glaucoma-related deformation of the lamina cribrosa.
CLINICAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Shrikrishna P. Desai, H. C. Lohithaswa, N. Mallikarjuna
Summary: A comparison between multiparental and biparental progenies for NCLB resistance efficiency showed that multiparental progenies exhibited better performance in terms of disease severity, heritability, and genetic advance, indicating a greater potential for resistance improvement.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuanzhi Li, Bill Shipley, Jodi N. Price, Vinicius de L. Dantas, Riin Tamme, Mark Westoby, Andrew Siefert, Brandon S. Schamp, Marko J. Spasojevic, Vincent Jung, Daniel C. Laughlin, Sarah J. Richardson, Yoann Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Christian Schob, Antonio Gazol, Honor C. Prentice, Nicolas Gross, Jake Overton, Marcus V. Cianciaruso, Frederique Louault, Chiho Kamiyama, Tohru Nakashizuka, Kouki Hikosaka, Takehiro Sasaki, Masatoshi Katabuchi, Cedric Frenette Dussault, Stephanie Gaucherand, Ning Chen, Marie Vandewalle, Marco Antonio Batalha
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Ecology
Yuanzhi Li, Bill Shipley
Article
Forestry
P. Casals, T. Valor, A. Rios, B. Shipley
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2018)
Article
Ecology
Bright B. Kumordzi, Isabelle Aubin, Francoise Cardou, Bill Shipley, Cyrille Violle, Jill Johnstone, Madhur Anand, Andre Arsenault, F. Wayne Bell, Yves Bergeron, Isabelle Boulangeat, Maxime Brousseau, Louis De Grandpre, Sylvain Delagrange, Nicole J. Fenton, Dominique Gravel, S. Ellen Macdonald, Benoit Hamel, Morgane Higelin, Francois Hebert, Nathalie Isabel, Azim Mallik, Anne C. S. McIntosh, Jennie R. McLaren, Christian Messier, Dave Morris, Nelson Thiffault, Jean-Pierre Tremblay, Alison D. Munson
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Ecology
Bill Shipley, Jacob C. Douma
Article
Ecology
Bill Shipley, Antoine Tardif
Summary: The study measured decomposition rates in different mixtures of tree leaf litters and rejected three alternative causal hypotheses. Instead, a new hypothesis was proposed, suggesting that rapid decomposition of the labile fraction stimulates the decomposition of lignin and hemicellulose, leading to the decomposition of cellulose. This new hypothesis is consistent with known biology and the data and is proposed as the most viable current hypothesis.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuanzhi Li, Yuan Jiang, Bill Shipley, Buhang Li, Wenqi Luo, Yongfa Chen, Kangning Zhao, Dong He, Diego I. Rodriguez-Hernandez, Chengjin Chu
Summary: The research found that in environments with low variations, the interactions between traits and environments are not very important, and individual performances are similarly predicted at the individual and species levels. Future studies are encouraged to test the interactive effects of traits and environments on individual performances and lifelong fitness at larger spatial scales or along experimentally manipulated environmental gradients.
Article
Agronomy
Laurent Daou, Bill Shipley
Article
Ecology
Jacob C. Douma, Bill Shipley
Summary: Path analysis is a method used to test the consistency of data and hypothesized causal relationships between variables, especially in examining differences in hypothesized dependencies between groups. Various constraints can be imposed for multigroup comparisons, but traditional path analysis and structural equation modeling may not be suitable for ecological studies. The d-sep test and generalized chi-squared test relax some assumptions for path models, but currently lack a multigroup test.
Article
Plant Sciences
Xavier Lamontagne, Bill Shipley
Summary: This study evaluated a critical assumption of the generalized soil fertility (FG) model and proposed an alternative model. The results showed that the original model did not apply to soils with extreme pH values and specific adaptive species, while the new model provided a better explanation for these cases.
Article
Ecology
Laurent Daou, Eric Garnier, Bill Shipley
Summary: The study found quantifiable relationships between plant traits like leaf dry-matter content and specific leaf area with soil fertility that are generalizable across different species assemblages and geographical areas. These relationships were nonlinear but displayed expected qualitative trends, indicating a strong correlation between these traits and soil fertility.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Diego dos Santos, Fernando Joner, Bill Shipley, Marinice Teleginski, Renata Rodrigues Lucas, Ilyas Siddique
Summary: The study suggests that high crop functional diversity can enhance the multifunctionality of agroecosystems, increase crop yield, reduce weed cover, and improve soil protection. It also shows that greater crop functional diversity leads to increased photosynthetic light interception, resulting in higher crop yields. Furthermore, high functional diversity in crops can decrease the functional diversity of weed communities.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Yuanzhi Li, Yuan Jiang, Kangning Zhao, Yang Chen, Wei Wei, Bill Shipley, Chengjin Chu
Summary: A foundational assumption of trait-based ecology is that individual performances can be predicted by its functional traits. However, trait-performance relationships reported in literature are typically weak, which may be due to the ignorance of trait-environment interactions, intraspecific trait variability, and hard traits directly linked to physiological processes. Our study highlights the importance of considering trait-environment interactions when predicting plant responses to changing environments.
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jacob C. Douma, Bill Shipley
Summary: This article proposes a generic method for testing path models that involve dependent errors, nonlinear functional relationships, and the use of nonnormal, hierarchically structured data. The method involves decomposing the causal model into smaller, independent subsets and modeling them independently based on the type of data in each subset. It also introduces the use of copulas to model dependent errors between non-normally distributed variables. The results obtained using this method are identical to those of classical covariance-based path modeling under the assumptions of linearity and normality, outperforms classical SEM when nonlinear functional relationships are present, and can easily accommodate any parametric probability function and nonlinear functional relationships.
STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING-A MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Li Zhang, Xiang Liu, Shurong Zhou, Bill Shipley
Summary: This study demonstrates that both inter- and intraspecific trait variability in plant height play important roles in maintaining ecosystem functions, particularly productivity. The findings suggest that the selection effect and shade-avoidance syndrome may simultaneously regulate productivity.
JOURNAL OF PLANT ECOLOGY
(2022)