Article
Chemistry, Physical
V Saez-Rabanos, J. E. Verdasco, F. J. Aoiz, V. J. Herrero
Summary: The study investigates the excitation functions and resonances in the F + HD system, highlighting the impacts of vibrational and rotational excitation on resonance intensities. The results also demonstrate directional preferences in the F + HD reactions based on the polarization of rotational angular momentum.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mitchell S. Quinn, Klaas Nauta, Scott H. Kable
Summary: The study measured the two-photon EF -> X (v '' = 3 - 9) REMPI spectrum of H-2 produced via photolysis of H2CO, with high selectivity for ortho and para H-2. Over 470 REMPI transitions were identified in the EF-X band system, including many previously unseen transitions to EF levels. Speed distributions were obtained for each REMPI transition using Velocity-mapped imaging, aiding in precise measurement of internal energy of H-2 molecule.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jin-Yan Zhou, Dong-Li Hao, Guang-Zhe Yang
Summary: This review focuses on seven types of proteins crucial for cytosolic pH homeostasis in plants, detailing their functions, regulation, and impact on cellular pH balance. Different protein types play distinct roles in regulating cytosolic pH, contributing to overall cellular homeostasis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rong Wang, Yu Qin, Xiao-Song Xie, Xiaochun Li
Summary: This study identifies mEAK7 as an endogenous modulator of V-ATPase and determines its structure in complex with V-ATPase. The findings suggest that mEAK7 may function as an inhibitor of V-ATPase and potentially link mTOR signaling with V-ATPase activity.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Bingxin Li, Yaowei Liu, Xin Zhao
Summary: This paper studies H infinity and robust H infinity control for fractional order systems (FOS) with order 0<<1. Necessary and sufficient conditions for H infinity control and state feedback controller design are proposed. Robust H infinity control for FOS with uncertainty is also studied, and a state feedback controller is designed. These conditions are based on linear matrix inequalities (LMI) and can be easily solved using the LMI toolbox. The effectiveness of these conditions is verified through two numerical examples.
FRACTAL AND FRACTIONAL
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
You-Shu Zhan, Chien-hong Lin
Summary: This study investigates the magneto-thermo-mechanical coupled hysteresis responses of magnetostrictive composites under cyclic magnetic field loading in various thermal environments. By using micromechanics models and experimental data validation, the study provides insights into optimizing the performance of magnetostrictive composites.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Magdalena Zboinska, Luis C. Romero, Cecilia Gotor, Katarzyna Kabala
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role of jasmonic acid (JA) in the regulation of V-ATPase in cucumber roots and its relationship with other regulators. The researchers found that JA acts as a repressor of V-ATPase, leading to a decrease in the protein amount of certain subunits, induction of oxidative stress, and downregulation of a specific posttranslational modification. They also suggest that H2S and H2O2 might be downstream components of JA-dependent negative regulation of the proton pump. Furthermore, they compared the signaling pathways induced by JA and cadmium, and found that multiple pathways are involved in the downregulation of V-ATPase in cucumber roots.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
A. Kurnosov, M. Cacciatore, F. Pirani
Summary: In this study, vibration-to-vibration (VV') exchanges between excited CO and unexcited O2 were investigated using the semiclassical coupled state method. The VV' rate constants were calculated based on a recently proposed accurate surface for the N2-O2 system. The results showed good agreement with experimental determinations.
CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Meng Zeng, Zheng Zhu, Juven Wang, Yi-Zhuang You
Summary: In this letter, a lattice regularization method for chiral fermions in the 3-4-5-0 model of (1 + 1)D is proposed. By introducing carefully designed local interactions, the chiral fermions and their mirror partners are realized on opposite boundaries of a thin strip of (2 + 1)D lattice model. The interaction-driven gapping transition is shown to be in the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless universality class.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
You-Shu Fan, Xiao-Li Xi, Yang-Si Liu, Zuo-Ren Nie, Lin-Yan Zhao, Qing-Hua Zhang
Summary: Controlled preparation of hexagonal tungsten trioxide nanostructures was achieved by adjusting the pH of the precursor solution. The WO(3) nanostructures prepared at different pH values exhibited varying photocatalytic performances, with nanorods prepared at pH = 1.0 showing the highest performance.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sung Justin Kim, Dongkwun Kim, Yu Pu, Chunlei Shi, Soo Bong Chang, Mingoo Seok
Summary: This study addresses the accuracy and dynamic load regulation performance degradation of LDOs in the presence of parasitics in the power grid of a large digital load by deploying multiple event-driven digital low-dropout voltage regulators (LDOs). The IR drop is improved by deploying multiple LDOs across the power grid, while the dynamic voltage droop problem is tackled by using LDOs with ED control and a novel domino sampling and regulation technique. The stability and performance of the system across different R-G values are analyzed, showing significant improvements in voltage droop and current density compared to a single LDO system.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Weihua Guo, Xuepeng Chen, Jiancheng Feng, Li Sun, Shiyu Zhang, Chen Wang, Yang Su, Yan Sun, Qingzeng Yan, Shaobo Zhang, Xin Zhou, MiaoMiao Zhang, Min Fang, Ji Yang
Summary: Observations of a specific region in the Galaxy reveal the presence of filamentary structures, along with their estimated kinematic distance and various parameters. The velocity structures along these filaments exhibit oscillatory patterns, possibly due to fragmentation or accretion processes. Numerous clumps and young stellar objects are also identified in this region, most of which are in gravitationally bound states. Therefore, these observational results are of significant importance in enhancing our understanding of the connection between filamentary structures and massive star formation.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sophia Villmow, Anika Mielkau, Friedlinde Goetz-Neunhoeffer, Juergen Neubauer
Summary: The carbonation of C(3)A and pre-hydrated C(3)A was studied under different conditions, and the reaction kinetics of C(3)A under humid conditions were analyzed. The reaction products were characterized using quantitative X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. It was found that pre-hydrated C(3)A can be carbonated, and the reaction degree increased with longer hydration time. The carbonation reaction showed fast kinetics, and vaterite was the main phase at temperatures <= 21 degrees C.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Bingxin Li, Xin Zhao
Summary: This article studies robust H-infinity control for fractional order singular systems with uncertainty. By using two matrices to replace the complex matrix, the condition is easier to solve. The improved control conditions overcome the equality constraints. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated through four examples.
OPTIMAL CONTROL APPLICATIONS & METHODS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Annie L. Colebatch, Benjamin J. Frogley, Anthony F. Hill, Chee S. Onn
Summary: The chemistry of transition metal carbynes has traditionally been dominated by species with hydrocarbyl or amino substituents, but there is a recent emergence of carbynes with other main-group substituents, particularly heavier elements of the p-block. This review focuses on the chemistry of heavier pnictogen-functionalised C-1 ligands and discusses recent developments in related phospha-isonitrile and cya-phosphide ligands.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jemima E. Schadow, David Maxey, Toby O. Smith, Mikko A. J. Finnila, Sarah L. Manske, Neil A. Segal, Andy Kin On Wong, Rachel A. Davey, Tom Turmezei, Kathryn S. Stok
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the published parameters for assessing subchondral bone in human osteoarthritis using computed tomography. The study identified clinically meaningful parameter categories and emphasized the importance of quantification and standardized measurement methods for improving the evaluation of disease progression.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lindsay L. Loundagin, Kim D. Harrison, Xuan Wei, David M. L. Cooper
Summary: This study developed new techniques to define zones of BMU activity based on the 3D morphology of remodeling spaces in rabbit cortical bone and integrated morphological data with the BMU longitudinal erosion rate (LER) to elucidate the spatial-temporal coordination of BMUs and estimate mineral apposition rate (MAR). The results showed that the manual and semi-automated methods accurately defined the zones of remodeling spaces, and these techniques have the potential to assess dynamic parameters of bone resorption and formation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Soroush Masrouri, Farzad Esmaeili, Maryam Tohidi, Fereidoun Azizi, Farzad Hadaegh
Summary: This study examined the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline and fracture incidence. The results showed that rapid kidney function decline (RKFD) can increase the incidence of fractures among the general population.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Steven J. Meas, Gabriella M. Daire, Michael A. Friedman, Rachel Denapoli, Preetam Ghosh, Joshua N. Farr, Henry J. Donahue
Summary: Age- and disuse-related bone loss both lead to decreases in bone mineral density, cortical thickness, and trabecular thickness and connectivity. It is important to experimentally compare these two mechanisms at a structural and transcriptomic level to better understand their similarities and differences. This study compares the effects of hindlimb unloading and aging on bone microarchitecture and gene expression in mice, finding that while both induce similar changes, aging has a greater impact on the transcriptome and tissue level.
Correction
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Masaru Matsuoka, Sho Tsukamoto, Yuta Orihara, Rieko Kawamura, Mai Kuratani, Nobuhiko Haga, Kenji Ikebuchi, Takenobu Katagiri
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel Kohler, Amy Creecy, David R. Williams, Matthew R. Allen, Joseph M. Wallace
Summary: Osteogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary bone disease that weakens bones and increase fracture risk. Current interventions mainly focus on increasing bone mass, but the compromised tissue-level material properties are not addressed. A study found that a RAL analog could reduce fracture risk, but further development is needed for optimal results in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
So Jeong Park, Eunhye Ji, Hyun Ju Yoo, Kyunggon Kim, Sunghwan Ji, Ji Yeon Baek, Jin Young Lee, Hee-Won Jung, Il-Young Jang, Eunju Lee, Namki Hong, Beom-Jun Kim
Summary: The study analyzed the relationship between serum lumican levels and osteosarcopenia in older adults, showing that older adults with osteosarcopenia had lower serum lumican levels. Lower serum lumican levels were associated with reduced bone mass and grip strength, indicating that lumican levels could be used as a biomarker for assessing the risk of osteosarcopenia, osteoporosis, or sarcopenia in older adults.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael B. Chavez, Michelle H. Tan, Tamara N. Kolli, Natalie L. Andras, Brian L. Foster
Summary: This study revealed the complex mechanisms by which disabling BSP functional domains led to profound and distinct changes in cementoblast cell functions, including dysregulated gene expression and reduced mineralization.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Julien Seiller, Blandine Merle, Romain Fort, Emilie Virot, Solene Poutrel, Giovanna Cannas, Arnaud Hot, Roland Chapurlat
Summary: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of bone fragility in sickle cell patients and to evaluate the potential risk factors and associated complications.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chirantap Oza, Anuradha Khadilkar, Pranay Goel, Madhura Karguppikar, Nikhil Shah, Nikhil Lohiya, Shruti Mondkar, Prashant Patil, Hemchand Prasad, Ankita Maheshwari, Dipali Ladkat, Neha Kajale, Chidvilas More, Devarati Khurjekar, Vaman Khadilkar
Summary: This study revealed that BoneXpert (BX) can be used for accurate assessment of bone age and screening of bone health in Indian children and youth with type-1 diabetes (T1D). 51.5% of T1D subjects showed significantly decreased metacarpal index (MCI). Height, Tanner stage, and vitamin D concentrations were positively correlated with MCI, while HbA1c and disease duration were negatively correlated with MCI.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mariam R. Farman, Catherine Rehder, Theodora Malli, Cheryl Rockman-Greenberg, Kathryn Dahir, Gabriel Angel Martos-Moreno, Agnes Linglart, Keiichi Ozono, Lothar Seefried, Guillermo del Angel, Gerald Webersinke, Francesca Barbazza, Lisa K. John, Sewmi M. A. Delana Mudiyanselage, Florian Hoegler, Erica Burner Nading, Erin Huggins, Eric T. Rush, Ahmed El-Gazzar, Priya S. Kishnani, Wolfgang Hoegler
Summary: The ALPL gene variant database serves as an archive for interpreting the clinical significance of ALPL gene variants, facilitating the reclassification of VUS and continuous updates. The project establishes an international expert consortium, providing a multidisciplinary collaboration framework to improve genetic counseling and medical decision-making for HPP patients.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giovanni Adami, Davide Gatti, Maurizio Rossini, Alessandro Giollo, Matteo Gatti, Francesco Bertoldo, Eugenia Bertoldo, Amy S. Mudano, Kenneth G. Saag, Ombretta Viapiana, Angelo Fassio
Summary: Certain diseases requiring glucocorticoids are independently associated with an increased risk of fractures. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and neurological diseases are associated with both vertebral and non-vertebral fracture risk, while rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are only associated with non-vertebral fractures.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Frank C. Ko, Rong Xie, Brandon Willis, Zoe G. Herdman, Bryan A. Dulion, Hoomin Lee, Chun-do Oh, Di Chen, D. Rick Sumner
Summary: Intramembranous bone regeneration is important in joint and tooth replacement, but its underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study found that increased periostin gene expression preceded increases in osteogenic genes during bone regeneration. Using a genetic mouse model, the researchers discovered that cells transiently expressing periostin played a critical role in intramedullary intramembranous bone regeneration.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
T. Savikangas, T. H. Suominen, M. Alen, T. Rantalainen, S. Sipila
Summary: Regular exercise, especially high-intensity physical activity, can help slow down age-related bone loss and prevent a decline in femoral neck bone mineral density.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mishaela R. Rubin, Ruban Dhaliwal
Summary: The increased risk of fractures observed in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) cannot be solely explained by modest decreases in areal bone mineral density (BMD). Accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in bone has been suggested as a possible cause for the increased bone fragility in diabetes. Although the evidence linking AGEs and fractures in individuals with T1D is limited, recent data show that AGEs, as measured by skin intrinsic fluorescence, are a risk factor for lower BMD in T1D. Further research is needed to determine if there is a causal relationship between fractures and AGEs in T1D. If confirmed, this could lead to interventions that can reduce AGE accumulation and ultimately reduce fractures in T1D patients.