Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mohannad Nassar, Rania Nassar, Husain Maki, Abdullah Al-Yagoob, Mahmood Hachim, Abiola Senok, David Williams, Noriko Hiraishi
Summary: Inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) is a naturally occurring molecule with unique structure and properties, making it an attractive candidate for a wide range of applications in pharmaceutical, food, chemical industries, and dentistry. Recent research has highlighted the promising potential of IP6 in dentistry, showcasing its antimicrobial, anti-plaque, and material-enhancing properties.
FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Vinicius Martins Silva, Fernando Ferrari Putti, Philip J. White, Andre Rodrigues dos Reis
Summary: Phytate, a phosphorus-containing compound, acts as an anti-nutrient in the digestive tract of humans and monogastric animals, while serving as a crucial phosphorus storage form in seeds. Reducing phytic acid content in plants is beneficial for human diet, but excessively low levels may have negative effects. This study explores the genes encoding enzymes involved in phytic acid synthesis and the distribution of phytate accumulation in different plant families.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Brian Q. Phillippy, Janet L. Donahue, Sarah P. Williams, Caitlin A. Cridland, Imara Y. Perera, Glenda E. Gillaspy
Summary: The IPK1 genes are expressed throughout cotton plants, resulting in the highest Ins(1,2,4,5,6)P-5 concentrations in young leaves and flower buds. Cotton leaves contain large amounts of Ins(1,2,4,5,6)P-5 and InsP(6) compared to plants not in the Malvaceae family. This study detailed the central role of IPK1 in cotton inositol polyphosphate metabolism and its potential to improve plant stress resistance.
Review
Virology
Martin Obr, Florian K. M. Schur, Robert A. Dick
Summary: IP6, a small cellular molecule, facilitates the assembly of HIV-1 and other retroviruses into virus-like particles in vitro, enhancing core stability during reverse transcription process.
Article
Oncology
Mirko Minini, Alice Senni, Xingkang He, Sara Proietti, Domenico Liguoro, Angela Catizone, Alessandro Giuliani, Rita Mancini, Andrea Fuso, Alessandra Cucina, Yihai Cao, Mariano Bizzarri
Summary: Myo-Inositol inhibits the PI3K/Akt pathway, particularly effective in triple-negative breast cancer cells, but not in hormone-responsive breast cancer cells unless estrogen effects are counteracted. This novel axis involving miR-125a-5p downregulating IP(6)K1 gene could be activated as a molecular target therapy in breast cancer, inhibiting metastasis and tumor progression.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seulgi Lee, Bernie Byeonghoon Park, Hongmok Kwon, Vitchan Kim, Jang Su Jeon, Rowoon Lee, Milan Subedi, Taehyeong Lim, Hyunsoo Ha, Dongju An, Jaehoon Kim, Donghak Kim, Sang Kyum Kim, Seyun Kim, Youngjoo Byun
Summary: This study confirmed that TNP selectively inhibits CYP3A4 in type I binding mode. By designing and synthesising TNP analogs and conducting biochemical studies, compound 9 was found to dramatically reduce CYP3A4 inhibition while retaining IP6K-inhibitory activity.
JOURNAL OF ENZYME INHIBITION AND MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Beatriz Gamez, Emma Morris, Sam W. Z. Olechnowicz, Siobhan Webb, James R. Edwards, Aneka Sowman, Christina J. Turner, Claire M. Edwards
Summary: This study investigates the effects of metformin on the bone microenvironment in relation to multiple myeloma. It shows that metformin treatment increases myeloma cell attachment in preosteoblasts and leads to unexpected pro-tumorigenic effects in vivo.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anshu Alok, Sadhana Singh, Pankaj Kumar, Kaushal K. Bhati
Summary: Myo-inositol is a widely present organic compound that serves as a substrate in various biosynthesis pathways. The myo-inositol pathway and enzymes have potential implications in plant physiology and crop improvement. Recent studies have shown the crosstalk between the myo-inositol pathway and other important biosynthesis and stress responsive pathways in plants. The exploration of myo-inositol derivatives and associated pathways could open up new directions for understanding stress-responsive metabolic networks.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Kaveh Emami, Ehsan Mesbahi, Ahmad Al-Mrabeh, Angharad M. R. Gatehouse, Qing-Yao Shu, Gabriela Golebiowska-Paluch
Summary: This study conducted a comparative proteomic analysis between a low phytic acid rice mutant line and its parental wild-type counterpart. The results showed differential abundance of certain proteins in the mutant line, but none of them were directly involved in phytic acid biosynthesis.
JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Anuj Shukla, Mandeep Kaur, Swati Kanwar, Gazaldeep Kaur, Shivani Sharma, Shubhra Ganguli, Vandana Kumari, Koushik Mazumder, Pratima Pandey, Hatem Rouached, Vikas Rishi, Rashna Bhandari, Ajay Kumar Pandey
Summary: This study characterizes the physiological functions of two wheat PPIP5K homologs, TaVIH1 and TaVIH2, showing that they are involved in producing InsP(8) and responding selectively to abiotic stresses. Overexpression of TaVIH2-3B in Arabidopsis confers drought stress tolerance and leads to changes in expression of genes related to cell-wall biosynthesis. This work suggests a novel function of VIH proteins in regulating cell-wall homeostasis genes and enhancing drought tolerance in plants.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ana Paula Marinho Bloot, Daneysa Lahis Kalschne, Diego Ricardo Nunes Nogues, Joana S. Amaral, Eder Lisandro Moraes Flores, Eliane Colla, Sascha Habu, Ilton Jose Baraldi, Cristiane Canan
Summary: This study evaluated the inhibitory effect of phytic acid (PA) on the growth of Clostridium perfringens and its potential use as a natural preservative in the meat industry. The results showed that PA effectively inhibited the germination of spores and the growth of vegetative cells. A mixture of PA-MD exhibited a similar or higher inhibitory effect compared to traditional preservatives in cooked sausages.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masatoshi Ito, Natsuko Fujii, Saori Kohara, Shuho Hori, Masayuki Tanaka, Christopher Wittwer, Kenta Kikuchi, Takatoshi Iijima, Yu Kakimoto, Kenichi Hirabayashi, Daisuke Kurotaki, Henning J. Jessen, Adolfo Saiardi, Eiichiro Nagata
Summary: Inositol pyrophosphates are highly active in regulating physiological processes, with the gastrointestinal tract showing the highest levels. The IP6K2-IP7 axis plays a critical role in the developmental and functional regulation of the enteric nervous system.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Thomas E. Wood, Kathleen A. Westervelt, Jessica M. Yoon, Heather D. Eshleman, Roie Levy, Henry Burnes, Daniel J. Slade, Cammie F. Lesser, Marcia B. Goldberg
Summary: The effector protein OspB of Shigella spp. is a cysteine protease that modulates the TORC1 signaling pathway to promote infection. The study provides insights into the mechanism of action of OspB and its role in Shigella pathogenesis.
Review
Virology
Clifton L. Ricana, Robert A. Dick
Summary: This review discusses the role of inositol phosphates (IPs) and relevant enzymatic pathways in retroviral assembly, highlighting significant progress in retroviral research.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Davood Kharaghani, Shohei Kohno, Tomoko Minamizaki, Tomonori Hoshino, Yuji Yoshiko
Summary: 2,3-Diphospho-D-glyceric acid (2,3-DPG) may act as an endogenous inhibitor, delaying the formation of crystalline calciprotein particles and inhibiting calcification in mouse vascular smooth muscle cells without impacting bone-like nodule formation.
COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Rachel Brathwaite, Eleanor Hutchinson, Martin McKee, Benjamin Palafox, Dina Balabanova
Summary: This systematic review aims to identify barriers to and facilitators of hypertension control in low-and middle-income countries along the patients' pathway through the health system. The results show that at entry, health system resources and processes, as well as knowledge and beliefs about hypertension, dominate as barriers. Subsequently, social relations and traditions, as well as comorbidities, become more important. Patients make trade-offs with family priorities during follow-up. Socio-demographic factors play a smaller role compared to other factors, and context matters.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH POLICY AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Martin McKee, Iveta Nagyova
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Martin McKee
Summary: This paper reflects on the challenges to governance in the UK outside of the EU, highlighting the government's disregard for state institutions and fundamental principles, which undermines public trust in public health policies. It calls on the public health establishment in the UK to decide whether to challenge the decline in public standards.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Anna Garcia-Altes, Martin McKee, Luigi Siciliani, Pedro Pita Barros, Lasse Lehtonen, Heather Rogers, Dionne Kringos, Jelka Zaletel, Jan De Maeseneer
Summary: This paper presents an overview of public procurement in the European Union, with a focus on the challenges and potential solutions in the healthcare sector. Public procurement is seen as a key tool for improving efficiency, enhancing health outcomes, and achieving other government goals.
HEALTH ECONOMICS POLICY AND LAW
(2022)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Nick Fahy, Tamara Hervey, Mark Dayan, Mark Flear, Michael J. Galsworthy, Scott Greer, Holly Jarman, Martha McCarey, Martin McKee, Matthew Wood
Summary: This article examines the likely impacts on the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement and the Withdrawal Agreement through a 'building blocks' framework. While there are positive impacts in trade, cooperation, and regulatory aspects, only one of the 17 NHS 'building blocks' supports positive health and care outcomes.
HEALTH ECONOMICS POLICY AND LAW
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lucinda Hiam, Danny Dorling, Martin McKee
Summary: This study explores the views of public health experts on the adverse trends in life expectancy in England and Wales over the past decade, their causes and possible solutions, as well as their opinions on how the pre-pandemic situation influenced the UK's COVID-19 response. The findings show a lack of consensus among experts on the significance and explanations of the decline in life expectancy during this period. Some attributed it to data misinterpretation, widening health inequalities, and disinvestment in public services, while others emphasized social factors. The majority called for increased investment and implementation of existing evidence on reducing health inequalities, highlighting the need to address these underlying issues for pandemic preparedness.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Peter Binyaruka, Antonio Andreoni, Dina Balanova, Martin Mckee, Eleanor Hutchinson, Blake Angell
Summary: This study examined the preferences of health providers for policy interventions to address informal payments in Tanzania using a discrete choice experiment. The results showed that health providers generally preferred incentive payments for non-infraction and opportunities for private practice, but disliked disciplinary measures. Preferences varied across different groups, suggesting the need for tailored interventions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH POLICY AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Lucinda Hiam, Danny Dorling, Martin McKee
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Samantha Thomas, May C. van Schalkwyk, Mike Daube, Hannah Pitt, Darragh McGee, Martin McKee
Summary: Children around the world are exposed to extensive marketing for gambling products, which normalizes gambling as harmless entertainment despite evidence of its harms. Regulatory efforts to protect children from gambling marketing are inconsistent and inadequate. A comprehensive public health approach is urgently needed to limit the influence of gambling marketing on young people.
HEALTH PROMOTION INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Thomas Stubbs, Alexandros Kentikelenis, Daniela Gabor, Jayati Ghosh, Martin McKee
Summary: Recognising the lack of preparedness for the COVID-19 pandemic, international organisations are calling for additional funding to strengthen pandemic preparedness and response systems in low-income and middle-income countries. This article examines the prospects of national health budgets increasing in such a context, revealing that public spending will decrease for almost half of these countries by 2024. The increase in public spending on repaying external debt is a key driver of this austerity wave, potentially leading to deteriorating population health and reduced public health services.
Article
Economics
Gabor Scheiring, Aytalina Azarova, Darja Irdam, Katarzyna Doniec, Martin McKee, David Stuckler, Lawrence King
Summary: An unprecedented mortality crisis occurred in Eastern Europe during the 1990s, resulting in around seven million excess deaths. This study examines the relationship between deindustrialization and mortality in Eastern Europe and proposes a theoretical framework that identifies deindustrialization as a process of social disintegration caused by shock therapy. The findings show that deindustrialization directly influenced male mortality rates and was indirectly mediated by hazardous drinking as a coping strategy.
CAMBRIDGE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Corina L. Vasilescu, Martin McKee, Aaron Reeves
Summary: The scholarship on the commercial determinants of health has primarily used qualitative methods, but there is now a growing number of quantitative studies. This article demonstrates the use of quantitative text analysis in analyzing public consultation responses on a draft scientific opinion by the European Food Safety Authority. The study finds varied positions among different actors, with the public health community opposing acrylamide while industry positions were diverse. The policy guidance did not show clear movement, likely due to the majority of submissions supporting the draft document. The article argues that quantitative text analysis can be applied to better understand the positions taken by different actors in public consultations.
Meeting Abstract
Critical Care Medicine
Zachary Smith, Adolfine Hokororo, Theopista Masenge, Joseph Mwanga, Salvatory Kalabamu, Marc Berg, Boris Rozenfeld, Elias Xwatsal, Noel Pastory, Idi Msoke, Hanston Ndosi, Neema Chami, Namala Mkopi, Castory Mwanga, Ambrose Agweyu, Peter Meaney
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alexander Kentikelenis, Abdul Ghaffar, Martin McKee, Livia Dal Zennaro, David Stuckler
Summary: Health policy and systems research (HPSR) is a neglected area in global health financing, with only 2% of funding calls including a discernible HPSR component. Efforts should be made to convince global health funders to institutionalize the inclusion of HPSR components in all funding calls.
HEALTH POLICY AND PLANNING
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Pamela Ogbozor, Obinna Onwujekwe, Dina Balabanova, Aloysius Odii, Prince Agwu, Martin McKee, Uche Obi, Charles Tochukwu Orjiakor, Eleanor Hutchinson
Summary: The ability to deliver primary care in Nigeria is hindered by chronic absenteeism, with gender roles playing a significant role in influencing the absence of healthcare workers. Understanding the gender dynamics behind absenteeism is crucial for developing effective strategies to reduce it.
HEALTH POLICY AND PLANNING
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jemima E. Schadow, David Maxey, Toby O. Smith, Mikko A. J. Finnila, Sarah L. Manske, Neil A. Segal, Andy Kin On Wong, Rachel A. Davey, Tom Turmezei, Kathryn S. Stok
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the published parameters for assessing subchondral bone in human osteoarthritis using computed tomography. The study identified clinically meaningful parameter categories and emphasized the importance of quantification and standardized measurement methods for improving the evaluation of disease progression.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lindsay L. Loundagin, Kim D. Harrison, Xuan Wei, David M. L. Cooper
Summary: This study developed new techniques to define zones of BMU activity based on the 3D morphology of remodeling spaces in rabbit cortical bone and integrated morphological data with the BMU longitudinal erosion rate (LER) to elucidate the spatial-temporal coordination of BMUs and estimate mineral apposition rate (MAR). The results showed that the manual and semi-automated methods accurately defined the zones of remodeling spaces, and these techniques have the potential to assess dynamic parameters of bone resorption and formation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Soroush Masrouri, Farzad Esmaeili, Maryam Tohidi, Fereidoun Azizi, Farzad Hadaegh
Summary: This study examined the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline and fracture incidence. The results showed that rapid kidney function decline (RKFD) can increase the incidence of fractures among the general population.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Steven J. Meas, Gabriella M. Daire, Michael A. Friedman, Rachel Denapoli, Preetam Ghosh, Joshua N. Farr, Henry J. Donahue
Summary: Age- and disuse-related bone loss both lead to decreases in bone mineral density, cortical thickness, and trabecular thickness and connectivity. It is important to experimentally compare these two mechanisms at a structural and transcriptomic level to better understand their similarities and differences. This study compares the effects of hindlimb unloading and aging on bone microarchitecture and gene expression in mice, finding that while both induce similar changes, aging has a greater impact on the transcriptome and tissue level.
Correction
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Masaru Matsuoka, Sho Tsukamoto, Yuta Orihara, Rieko Kawamura, Mai Kuratani, Nobuhiko Haga, Kenji Ikebuchi, Takenobu Katagiri
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel Kohler, Amy Creecy, David R. Williams, Matthew R. Allen, Joseph M. Wallace
Summary: Osteogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary bone disease that weakens bones and increase fracture risk. Current interventions mainly focus on increasing bone mass, but the compromised tissue-level material properties are not addressed. A study found that a RAL analog could reduce fracture risk, but further development is needed for optimal results in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
So Jeong Park, Eunhye Ji, Hyun Ju Yoo, Kyunggon Kim, Sunghwan Ji, Ji Yeon Baek, Jin Young Lee, Hee-Won Jung, Il-Young Jang, Eunju Lee, Namki Hong, Beom-Jun Kim
Summary: The study analyzed the relationship between serum lumican levels and osteosarcopenia in older adults, showing that older adults with osteosarcopenia had lower serum lumican levels. Lower serum lumican levels were associated with reduced bone mass and grip strength, indicating that lumican levels could be used as a biomarker for assessing the risk of osteosarcopenia, osteoporosis, or sarcopenia in older adults.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael B. Chavez, Michelle H. Tan, Tamara N. Kolli, Natalie L. Andras, Brian L. Foster
Summary: This study revealed the complex mechanisms by which disabling BSP functional domains led to profound and distinct changes in cementoblast cell functions, including dysregulated gene expression and reduced mineralization.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Julien Seiller, Blandine Merle, Romain Fort, Emilie Virot, Solene Poutrel, Giovanna Cannas, Arnaud Hot, Roland Chapurlat
Summary: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of bone fragility in sickle cell patients and to evaluate the potential risk factors and associated complications.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chirantap Oza, Anuradha Khadilkar, Pranay Goel, Madhura Karguppikar, Nikhil Shah, Nikhil Lohiya, Shruti Mondkar, Prashant Patil, Hemchand Prasad, Ankita Maheshwari, Dipali Ladkat, Neha Kajale, Chidvilas More, Devarati Khurjekar, Vaman Khadilkar
Summary: This study revealed that BoneXpert (BX) can be used for accurate assessment of bone age and screening of bone health in Indian children and youth with type-1 diabetes (T1D). 51.5% of T1D subjects showed significantly decreased metacarpal index (MCI). Height, Tanner stage, and vitamin D concentrations were positively correlated with MCI, while HbA1c and disease duration were negatively correlated with MCI.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mariam R. Farman, Catherine Rehder, Theodora Malli, Cheryl Rockman-Greenberg, Kathryn Dahir, Gabriel Angel Martos-Moreno, Agnes Linglart, Keiichi Ozono, Lothar Seefried, Guillermo del Angel, Gerald Webersinke, Francesca Barbazza, Lisa K. John, Sewmi M. A. Delana Mudiyanselage, Florian Hoegler, Erica Burner Nading, Erin Huggins, Eric T. Rush, Ahmed El-Gazzar, Priya S. Kishnani, Wolfgang Hoegler
Summary: The ALPL gene variant database serves as an archive for interpreting the clinical significance of ALPL gene variants, facilitating the reclassification of VUS and continuous updates. The project establishes an international expert consortium, providing a multidisciplinary collaboration framework to improve genetic counseling and medical decision-making for HPP patients.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giovanni Adami, Davide Gatti, Maurizio Rossini, Alessandro Giollo, Matteo Gatti, Francesco Bertoldo, Eugenia Bertoldo, Amy S. Mudano, Kenneth G. Saag, Ombretta Viapiana, Angelo Fassio
Summary: Certain diseases requiring glucocorticoids are independently associated with an increased risk of fractures. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and neurological diseases are associated with both vertebral and non-vertebral fracture risk, while rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are only associated with non-vertebral fractures.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Frank C. Ko, Rong Xie, Brandon Willis, Zoe G. Herdman, Bryan A. Dulion, Hoomin Lee, Chun-do Oh, Di Chen, D. Rick Sumner
Summary: Intramembranous bone regeneration is important in joint and tooth replacement, but its underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study found that increased periostin gene expression preceded increases in osteogenic genes during bone regeneration. Using a genetic mouse model, the researchers discovered that cells transiently expressing periostin played a critical role in intramedullary intramembranous bone regeneration.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
T. Savikangas, T. H. Suominen, M. Alen, T. Rantalainen, S. Sipila
Summary: Regular exercise, especially high-intensity physical activity, can help slow down age-related bone loss and prevent a decline in femoral neck bone mineral density.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mishaela R. Rubin, Ruban Dhaliwal
Summary: The increased risk of fractures observed in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) cannot be solely explained by modest decreases in areal bone mineral density (BMD). Accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in bone has been suggested as a possible cause for the increased bone fragility in diabetes. Although the evidence linking AGEs and fractures in individuals with T1D is limited, recent data show that AGEs, as measured by skin intrinsic fluorescence, are a risk factor for lower BMD in T1D. Further research is needed to determine if there is a causal relationship between fractures and AGEs in T1D. If confirmed, this could lead to interventions that can reduce AGE accumulation and ultimately reduce fractures in T1D patients.
