Article
Virology
Yaima Burgher Pulgaron, Chantale Provost, Marie-Jeanne Pesant, Carl A. Gagnon
Summary: This study investigates the pathogenesis of porcine circovirus type 2b (PCV2b) and swine influenza A virus (SwIV) co-infection in swine respiratory cells. The results show that the co-infection has different outcomes in different cell types, affecting viral replication and cytokine expression. RNA-sequencing reveals the modulation of gene expression and cellular pathways during PCV2b and SwIV H1N1 co-infection, providing new insights on the pathogenesis of porcine viral co-infections.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Xie Xing, Hao Fei, Wang Hai-yan, Pang Mao-da, Gan Yuan, Liu Bei-bei, Zhang Lei, Wei Yen-na, Chen Rong, Zhang Zhen-zhen, Bao Wen-bin, Bai Yun, Shao Guo-qing, Xiong Qi-yan, Feng Zhi-xin
Summary: This study successfully constructed immortal porcine tracheal epithelial cells (hTERT-PTECs) that mimic the morphological and functional characteristics of primary PTECs. These cells have an extended lifespan, enhanced proliferative activity, and higher telomerase activity compared to primary PTECs. They are also susceptible to swine-origin mycoplasmas and can be used as a valuable model for studying infection of porcine respiratory pathogens.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AGRICULTURE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nguyen Thao Thi Nguyen, Yen Thi Hai Luu, Trung Duc Hoang, Huyen Xuan Nguyen, Tung Duy Dao, Vuong Nghia Bui, Gregory C. Gray
Summary: A study was conducted in Northern Vietnam to estimate the prevalence of Streptococcus suis on large swine farms. The results showed a lower than expected prevalence of S. suis, suggesting that recent efforts to centralize Vietnam's pork industry with better biosecurity measures may have been effective in reducing S. suis prevalence on these large farms.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Qing Wang, Xiaojing Chang, Mingxing Liu, Qi Lu, Meng Zhu, Huixing Lin, Hongjie Fan
Summary: Infection with Glaesserella parasuis can lead to disruption of the epithelial barrier in the pig respiratory tract, promoting bacterial invasion and severe inflammatory response. The study revealed mechanisms by which Glaesserella parasuis increases permeability, decreases tight junction protein expression, and induces proinflammatory cytokine secretion.
VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Annika Katharina Breitfelder, Wieland Schroedl, Viktoria Rungelrath, Christoph Georg Baums, Gottfried Alber, Nicole Schuetze, Uwe Mueller
Summary: This study reveals that the IgM-degrading enzyme of Streptococcus suis (S. suis) can cleave the IgM B cell receptor and disrupt B cell signaling, thereby affecting the function of porcine B cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Annika Graaf-Rau, Christin Hennig, Kathrin Lillie-Jaschniski, Monika Koechling, Julia Stadler, Jan Boehmer, Ulrike Ripp, Anne Pohlmann, Bernd-Andreas Schwarz, Martin Beer, Timm Harder
Summary: Respiratory disease in pigs is a major economic issue, mainly caused by swine influenza A viruses. Monitoring and controlling these viruses is crucial for prevention, and requires accurate diagnostic assays. The recent human influenza pandemic showed the potential for swine influenza viruses to infect humans.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Muriel Dresen, Josephine Schenk, Yenehiwot Berhanu Weldearegay, Desiree Voetsch, Wolfgang Baumgaertner, Peter Valentin-Weigand, Andreas Nerlich
Summary: The study analyzed the induction of COX-2 and the production of its metabolite PGE(2) in response to Streptococcus suis infections in pig lung cells, finding a gradual increase in COX-2 and subsequent rise in PGE(2) levels. It was further shown that infection with different S. suis serotypes led to COX-2 expression and PGE(2) production, with the pore-forming toxin suilysin playing a significant role in this process.
Article
Microbiology
Jingjiao Ma, Mingqing Wu, Zhaofei Wang, Denghui Yang, Silu Hou, Yuqiang Cheng, Heng'an Wang, Yaxian Yan, Jianhe Sun
Summary: The order of infection of pathogens affects clinical manifestations and mortality rates in co-infection. The group infected with Streptococcus suis first exhibited more severe clinical signs, while the mortality rate was lower in mice infected with influenza virus following bacteria.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Madalina Iulia Siteavu, Roxana Ionela Drugea, Elena Pitoiu, Emilia Ciobotaru-Pirvu
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance is an important health issue in human and veterinary medicine. This study monitored the antimicrobial resistance of three key bacteria in porcine respiratory disease. The results showed that these bacteria maintained high susceptibility to commonly used antimicrobial agents, but had high resistance rates to certain drugs.
Review
Virology
Giulia Franzoni, Miriam Pedrera, Pedro J. Sanchez-Cordon
Summary: African swine fever (ASF) is a viral disease caused by ASF virus (ASFV) that affects domestic pigs and wild suids worldwide. The absence of licensed vaccine or treatments poses a threat to pig production. Understanding the immunopathogenic mechanisms of ASFV infection is crucial in combating the disease. Cytokines, such as IL-1, IL-6, TNF, and chemokines, play a role in immune responses to ASFV. Increased levels of these cytokines are associated with tissue damage and disease severity, while increased levels of IFN-alpha and IL-10 may have negative effects on animal survival.
Article
Virology
Abhijeet A. Bakre, Les P. Jones, Jackelyn Murray, Z. Beau Reneer, Victoria A. Meliopoulos, Sean Cherry, Stacey Schultz-Cherry, Ralph A. Tripp
Summary: This study examined the innate antiviral response to swine influenza virus in primary and immortalized swine nasal and tracheal epithelial cells, showing strain- and host cell type-dependent differential expression of key interferons and interferon-stimulated genes.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Yulia Desheva, Galina Leontieva, Tatiana Kramskaya, Igor Losev, Andrey Rekstin, Nadezhda Petkova, Polina Kudar, Alexander Suvorov
Summary: This study examines the resistance of mice against early influenza infection and post-influenza pneumococcal pneumonia after intranasal live influenza vaccine (LAIV) administration. The results show that LAIV provides early protection against both homologous and heterologous viral infections and has a protective effect against post-influenza pneumococcal infection. These findings suggest that intranasal administration of LAIV may be valuable in preventing not only influenza, but also other acute respiratory infections.
Article
Microbiology
Anusak Kerdsin, Nichari Bamphensin, Kulsatri Sittichottumrong, Ratchadaporn Ungcharoen, Parichart Boueroy, Peechanika Chopjitt, Rujirat Hatrongjit, Marcelo Gottschalk, Nuchsupha Sunthamala
Summary: A multiplex PCR method can differentiate disease-associated and non-disease-associated pathotypes of Streptococcus suis. This method was evaluated on human and clinically healthy pig isolates in Thailand, and showed high accuracy for human strains but low accuracy for pig strains. Further validation is needed using more diverse strains from different geographic areas and origins of isolation.
Article
Microbiology
Sophie oehlmann, Ann-Kathrin Krieger, Nicolas Gisch, Marita Meurer, Nicole de Buhr, Maren von Koeckritz-Blickwede, Nicole Schuetze, Christoph Georg Baums
Summary: This study demonstrates that Streptococcus suis specifically modulates its interaction with host immune cells by modifying its cell surface.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Chun-Liu Dong, Rui-Xiang Che, Tong Wu, Qian-Wei Qu, Mo Chen, Si-Di Zheng, Xue-Hui Cai, Gang Wang, Yan-Hua Li
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial resistance profiles and genotypes of Streptococcus suis in Heilongjiang Province, China. A total of 29 S. suis were isolated from 332 samples collected from 6 pig farms. The results showed that serotypes 2, 4 and 9 were prevalent, and all the clinical isolates were resistant to at least two antibacterial drugs. The most resisted drugs were macrolides, and the least resisted drugs were fluoroquinolones. Resistant genes ermB and aph (3 ')-IIIa were highly distributed among the isolates, with the detection rates of 79.31% and 75.86%. The formation of biofilm could be observed in all the isolated S. suis, among which D-1, LL-1 and LL-3 strains formed stronger biofilm structure than other strains. The results indicate that S. suis in Heilongjiang Province presents a multi-drug resistance to commonly used antimicrobial drugs, which was caused by the same target gene, the dissemination of drug resistance genes, and bacterial biofilm.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Katy Vaillancourt, Amel Ben Lagha, Daniel Grenier
Summary: Green tea extract and EGCG can reduce the cytotoxicity of the chemotherapeutic agent irinotecan towards oral epithelial cells, decrease intracellular ROS production, inhibit cell proliferation and migration, and suppress the secretion of cytokines and MMPs.
ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Amel Ben Lagha, Ying Yang, Harsh M. Trivedi, James G. Masters, Daniel Grenier
Summary: The study demonstrated that Dual Zinc plus Arginine formulations can protect the barrier integrity of gingival keratinocytes, promote cell proliferation, and enhance cell migration.
ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Luca Lo Verso, Kristina Dumont, Martin Lessard, Karoline Lauzon, Chantale Provost, Carl A. Gagnon, Younes Chorfi, Frederic Guay
Summary: The study indicates that adding AOX and HSCAS in the diet may help alleviate the negative effects of DON contamination on the AOX status and immune response of vaccinated weanling pigs.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Christian Savard, Chantale Provost, Olivier Ariel, Samuel Morin, Richard Fredrickson, Carl A. Gagnon, Andre Broes, Leyi Wang
Summary: The study identifies a bovine-like coronavirus affecting various species of animals and emphasizes the importance of ongoing surveillance of this virus in different species.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Katy Vaillancourt, Genevieve LeBel, Nahuel Fittipaldi, Michel Frenette, Marcelo Gottschalk, Daniel Grenier
Summary: In this study, a new bacteriocin produced by Streptococcus pluranimalium 2N12 was characterized. This bacteriocin, called pluranimalicin 2N12, exhibited antibacterial activity against Streptococcus suis and showed a dual action of both antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects.
PROBIOTICS AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROTEINS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Abdulrahman Fuad Salmin, Marie-Jeanne Pesant, Yaima Burgher, Chantale Provost, Josee Labrie, Mario Jacques, Carl A. Gagnon, Francis Beaudry
Summary: In this study, the antiviral activity of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App) culture supernatant against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) was investigated. Using mass spectrometry-based metabolomics, several adenosine nucleotide metabolites were identified and quantified in the App supernatant ultrafiltrates. Further experiments showed that treatment with these metabolites significantly reduced PRRSV infection in porcine lung epithelial cells. These findings suggest that adenosine analog drugs could potentially be used to treat PRRSV infection.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Maodong Zhang, Chao Chun Liu, Yanyun Huang, Janet E. Hill, Maria Bravo Araya, Davor Ojkic, Carl A. Gagnon
Summary: This study investigates the genetic diversity of PCV3 strains in different provinces of Canada, revealing that these strains belong to PCV3a subtype and segregate into seven lineages with common amino acid changes.
VETERINARY MEDICINE AND SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Carl A. Gagnon, Chantale Provost, Stephane Lair
Summary: Through necropsy and sequencing analysis of an American kestrel, a Falcon aviadenovirus A strain associated with necrotizing hepatitis was identified.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Esraa A. Elshafiee, Mohamed S. H. Hassan, Chantale Provost, Carl A. Gagnon, Davor Ojkic, Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem
Summary: This study sequenced the whole genomes of ILTV isolates from ILT outbreaks in Canada, revealing the potential reversion of vaccine strains to virulence and the historical recombination events among ILTV strains. Amino acid differences were observed between wild-type and vaccine strains, providing genetic markers for differentiation.
INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jinpeng Li, Qingying Fan, Jing Zuo, Bingqian Xue, Xiaoling Zhang, Ying Wei, Liyun Sun, Daniel Grenier, Li Yi, Xiaogai Hou, Yang Wang
Summary: This study suggests that the combination of paeoniflorin and norfloxacin can effectively combat FQ-resistant Streptococcus suis. Paeoniflorin inhibits the LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing system and down-regulates the transcription of the FQ efflux pump gene, enhancing the bactericidal effect of norfloxacin. Additionally, paeoniflorin inhibits biofilm formation, promoting the ability of norfloxacin to kill S. suis. In a mouse model, paeoniflorin in combination with norfloxacin demonstrates efficacy in treating S. suis infections.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
C. Constant, A. Desrochers, C. A. Gagnon, C. Provost, S. Nichols, E. Marchionatti, C. Gara-Boivin
Summary: Platelet concentrate (PC) is an alternative therapy for mastitis and reproductive problems in dairy cattle. A single-step bovine PC processing method using autologous conditioned plasma (ACP) was evaluated and compared. ACP-2 protocol resulted in a greater degree of platelet enrichment and could be used for clinical applications in cattle.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Yaima Burgher Pulgaron, Chantale Provost, Marie-Jeanne Pesant, Carl A. Gagnon
Summary: This study investigates the pathogenesis of porcine circovirus type 2b (PCV2b) and swine influenza A virus (SwIV) co-infection in swine respiratory cells. The results show that the co-infection has different outcomes in different cell types, affecting viral replication and cytokine expression. RNA-sequencing reveals the modulation of gene expression and cellular pathways during PCV2b and SwIV H1N1 co-infection, providing new insights on the pathogenesis of porcine viral co-infections.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Laura Bourque, Ole Nielsen, Mason Jager, Davor Ojkic, Chantale Provost, Carl A. Gagnon, Betty Lockerbie, Hein Snyman, Brian Stevens, David Needle, Shotaro Nakagun, Sherri Cox, Jessica Khodadad, Megan E. B. Jones
Summary: This study describes and characterizes the tissue distribution and lesions associated with SkAdV-1 infection in a variety of North American wildlife species, demonstrating the spectrum of disease caused by this virus across different animals.
JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Paloma Morice, Marion Allano, Chantale Provost, Julie-Helene Fairbrother, Carl A. Gagnon, Frederic Sauve
Summary: Genomic characterization of MRSA and MSSA strains isolated from horses showed close phylogenetic relationships but differences in antimicrobial resistance genotypic and phenotypic characteristics.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE VETERINAIRE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Genevieve Pellerin, Laurent Bazinet, Daniel Grenier
Summary: The study found that removal of organic acids from cranberry juice through electrodialysis weakened its antibacterial effect against certain periodontal pathogens, but had varying effects on the adherence of these pathogens to oral epithelial cells. Additionally, deacidification of cranberry juice reduced its cytotoxicity for oral epithelial cells and attenuated its anti-inflammatory effect.