Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Alexandra M. Palumbo, David Kirkwood, Cornelia M. Borkhoff, Charles D. G. Keown-Stoneman, Giulia M. Muraca, Anne Fuller, Catherine S. Birken, Jonathon L. Maguire, Hilary K. Brown, Laura N. Anderson
Summary: In this study, parent-reported gestational age categories showed high accuracy in a cohort of primarily healthy children under 6 years of age. Criterion validity varied minimally among certain parent and socioeconomic factors. These findings can be valuable for future quantitative bias analyses.
Article
Microbiology
Estelle Menu, Jean-Selim Driouich, Lea Luciani, Aurelie Morand, Stephane Ranque, Coralie L'Ollivier
Summary: This retrospective cohort study aimed to describe medically relevant information among children under 3 years old with Pneumocystis jirovecii infection, revealing cardiopulmonary pathologies, severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), and hyaline membrane disease as common underlying diseases with an overall mortality rate of 18.8%.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Soomi Lee, Rachel Koffer, Johanna Drewelies
Summary: The study found that the lifestyles and daily activities of U.S. adults have changed over the past two decades. Contrary to the common belief that today's adults may be healthier and more active, they seem to engage in less diverse daily activities, which may pose a risk for future health outcomes.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Luz Dinorah Gonzalez-Castell, Mishel Unar-Munguia, Anabelle Bonvecchio-Arenas, Ivonne Ramirez-Silva, Ana Lilia Lozada-Tequeanes
Summary: This study analyzed the National Health and Nutrition Survey (Ensanut 2021-2022) data from 2016 and 2018 to describe infant and young child feeding indicators in Mexico. The findings showed that 33.6% of infants were exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months, while 27.2% did not receive exclusive breastfeeding during the first three days of life and were fed with commercial infant formula or other liquids. Additionally, 42% of children aged 6-23 months consumed unhealthy foods.
SALUD PUBLICA DE MEXICO
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sewunet Sako
Summary: Prelacteal feeding practice is prevalent in Ethiopia, with factors such as multiple births, cesarean sections, delayed initiation of breastfeeding, and geographical regions being associated with this harmful traditional practice. Behavior change communication strategies and promotion of institutional delivery and early breastfeeding initiation are needed to address this public health concern.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Reuben K. Mutagaywa, Josephine C. Vroon, Lulu Fundikira, Anna Maria Wind, Peter Kunambi, Joel Manyahi, Apollinary Kamuhabwa, Gideon Kwesigabo, Steven A. J. Chamuleau, Maarten J. Cramer, Pilly Chillo
Summary: Despite advances in diagnostic and treatment, morbidity and mortality due to infective endocarditis (IE) has not decreased. There is a discrepancy in epidemiology of IE between developed and developing countries. Over the last years, increased early detection and consequently prevalence of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and congenital heart disease (CHD) which are considered predisposing conditions for IE, is noted. This review shows a scarcity of studies on IE in developing countries. Rheumatic heart disease and congenital heart disease are common predisposing conditions. Other risk factors are prosthetic valves, degenerative valve disease (DVD), intravenous drug use, and human immunodeficiency virus infection. While the proportion of IE cases caused by Streptococcus and Staphylococcus has increased, the number of negative blood culture (NBC) and patients getting surgery has decreased. Mortality has not changed over time. Timely diagnosis and management of patients with RHD and CHD and comprehensive management of IE are warranted.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Delin Li, Qiang Liu, Patrick S. Schnable
Summary: In plant species, transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) complement genome-wide association studies (GWAS) by identifying sets of trait-related genes, especially in species with slow LD decay. TWAS offers substantial advantages over GWAS in such species.
Article
Immunology
Shang -Chien Li, Hsin Chi, Fu-Yuan Huang, Nan-Chang Chiu, Ching-Ying Huang, Lung Chang, Yen-Hsin Kung, Pei-Fang Su, Yu-Lin Mau, Jin-Yuan Wang, Daniel Tsung-Ning Huang
Summary: This study aimed to formulate nomogram plots for clinicians to predict urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children aged <3 years by evaluating the risk factors. The study used a retrospective approach and analyzed children who underwent urine culture and urinalysis at a tertiary medical center from December 2017 to November 2020. The analysis identified significant factors and constructed nomogram plots for prediction in different medical settings.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maria Gomez-Martin, David Herrero-Morin, Gonzalo Solis, Marta Suarez, Nuria Fernandez, Silvia Arboleya, Miguel Gueimonde, Sonia Gonzalez
Summary: Ensuring the nutritional needs of preterm infants during complementary feeding is crucial for their long-term health. This study assessed food intake and anthropometric parameters in a Mediterranean infant cohort from 6 to 24 months, focusing on late preterm infants. Results showed differences in underweight prevalence between preterm and full-term infants up to 6 months, but this difference disappeared at 12 and 24 months. Protein intake was not correlated with weight gain and growth in preterm infants, and low intake of vitamin D was notable.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marco Congiu, Valeria Cimador, Irene Bettini, Teresa Rongai, Flavio Labriola, Francesca Sbravati, Caterina Marcato, Patrizia Alvisi
Summary: The approach to complementary feeding in Italy has changed, with a shift towards endorsing baby-led weaning and the inclusion of adult food tastings in traditional feeding methods, and a decrease in the recommendation of commercial baby foods.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Omar Karlsson, Rockli Kim, Andreas Hasman, S. V. Subramanian
Summary: A study in 77 low- and middle-income countries found that the majority of deaths among children under 5 occurred within the first 2 years after birth, highlighting perinatal complications, infections, and undernutrition as primary causes.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Laura A. Magee, Jeffrey Bone, Salwa Banoo Owasil, Joel Singer, Terry Lee, Mrutunjaya B. Bellad, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Alexander G. Logan, Salesio E. Macuacua, Ashalata A. Mallapur, Hannah L. Nathan, Rahat N. Qureshi, Esperanca Sevene, Andrew H. Shennan, Anifa Vala, Marianne Vidler, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Peter von Dadelszen
Summary: In pregnancy, higher blood pressure levels and visit-to-visit variability are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, with each 5 mm Hg increase in blood pressure levels leading to increased odds of the composite outcome. Increased blood pressure visit-to-visit variability is also associated with increased odds of hypertension and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Article
Hematology
Brandi Dupervil, Karon Abe, Sarah H. O'Brien, Meredith Oakley, Roshni Kulkarni, Courtney D. Thornburg, Vanessa R. Byams, J. Michael Soucie
Summary: The study found a high percentage of infants and toddlers with VWD have a family history of the disease, and bleeding events such as circumcision-related, oral mucosa, and intracranial or extracranial bleeding are common leading indicators for treatment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rugiranka Tony Gaston, Shaun Ramroop, Faustin Habyarimana
Summary: The study found a strong association between malaria and anaemia, and identified significant impacts of socio-economic, geographic and demographic factors on the two diseases. Improving healthcare, sanitation facilities, education levels, and mosquito bed net coverage can contribute to reducing malaria and anaemia prevalence in Malawi.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Shahirose Sadrudin Premji, Lorraine Chessell, Fiona Stewart
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of continuous versus intermittent tube feeding of milk in preterm infants. The results showed that continuous feeding may lead to a slightly later age at full enteral feeding, but the impact on other clinically important outcomes remains uncertain, with low certainty of evidence.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Zahra Hoodbhoy, Nuruddin Mohammed, Karim Rizwan Nathani, Saima Sattar, Devyani Chowdhury, Shiraz Maskatia, Seda Tierney, Babar Hasan, Jai K. Das
Summary: The study found that offspring of mothers with gestational diabetes had higher birth weight and blood pressure, while offspring of mothers with preeclampsia had lower birth weight but higher blood pressure.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Alison Y. Riddle, Wenshan Li, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Carol Vlassoff, Monica Taljaard, Elizabeth Kristjansson, Vivian Welch, George A. Wells
Summary: This study aimed to identify the empowerment dimensions significantly associated with married adolescent girls' nutritional status in East Africa. The findings suggest that girls' access to information, asset ownership, and rejection of intimate partner violence are important contributors to their overall empowerment and nutritional status.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jose Villar, Constanza P. Soto Conti, Robert B. Gunier, Shabina Ariff, Rachel Craik, Paolo I. Cavoretto, Stephen Rauch, Serena Gandino, Ricardo Nieto, Adele Winsey, Camilla Menis, Gabriel B. Rodriguez, Valeria Savasi, Niyazi Tug, Sonia Deantoni, Marta Fabre, Begona Martinez de Tejada, Maria Jose Rodriguez-Sibaja, Stefania Livio, Raffaele Napolitano, Nerea Maiz, Helena Sobrero, Ashley Peterson, Philippe Deruelle, Carolina Giudice, Jagjit S. Teji, Roberto A. Casale, Laurent J. Salomon, Federico Prefumo, Leila Cheikh Ismail, Michael G. Gravett, Marynea Vale, Valeria Hernandez, Loic Sentilhes, Sarah R. Easter, Carola Capelli, Emily Marler, Daniela M. Caceres, Guadalupe Albornoz Crespo, Ernawati Ernawati, Michal Lipschuetz, Ken Takahashi, Carmen Vecchiarelli, Teresa Hubka, Satoru Ikenoue, Gabriela Tavchioska, Babagana Bako, Adejumoke I. Ayede, Brenda Eskenazi, Jim G. Thornton, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Stephen H. Kennedy, Aris T. Papageorghiou
Summary: This study on COVID-19 in pregnant women shows that the infection during pregnancy is associated with increased risks for both mothers and neonates, particularly among symptomatic and unvaccinated women. Vaccination can reduce the risk of severe symptoms and complications in pregnant women.
Article
Immunology
Imtiaz Hussain, Ahmad Khan, Dale A. Rhoda, Imran Ahmed, Muhammad Umer, Uzair Ansari, Muhammad Akram Shah, Soofia Yunus, Jennifer Brustrom, Robert Oelrichs, Sajid Bashir Soofi, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
Summary: The survey reports the national and provincial/regional coverage and determinants of immunization coverage for children in Pakistan. Results show that the coverage of fully vaccinated children nationally is 76.5%. The main reasons for non-vaccination include lack of faith in immunization, rumors about vaccines, and distance to the facility. Immediate and long-term actions are needed to combat vaccine-preventable diseases, such as integrated immunization campaigns, outreach activities, and behavioral interventions to improve awareness and reduce misconceptions.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Peter N. von Dadelszen, Jeffrey Bone, Akshdeep Sandhu, J. Mark N. Ansermino, Rahat Qureshi, Charfudin Sacoor, Esperanca Sevene, Jing Li, Marianne B. Vidler, Mrutyunjaya A. Bellad, Zulfiqar T. Bhutta, Dustin S. Dunsmuir, Shivaprasad A. Goudar, Ashalata Mallapur, Khatia A. Munguambe, Guy A. Dumont, Laura Magee
Summary: To inform digital health design by evaluating diagnostic test properties of antenatal blood pressure (BP) outputs and levels to identify women at risk of adverse outcomes.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Xiaoqin Wang, Omar Dewidar, Anita Rizvi, Jimmy Huang, Payaam Desai, Rebecca Doyle, Elizabeth Ghogomu, Tamara Rader, Stuart G. Nicholls, Alba Antequera, Alison Krentel, Beverley Shea, Billie-Jo Hardy, Catherine Chamberlain, Charles S. Wiysonge, Cindy Feng, Clara Juando-Prats, Daeria O. Lawson, Ekwaro A. Obuku, Elizabeth Kristjansson, Erik von Elm, Harry Wang, Holly Ellingwood, Hugh Sharma Waddington, Jacqueline Ramke, Janet Elizabeth Jull, Janet Hatcher-Roberts, Janice Tufte, Julian Little, Lawrence Mbuagbaw, Laura Weeks, Loveline Lum Niba, Luis Gabriel Cuervo, Luke Wolfenden, Mwenya Kasonde, Marc T. Avey, Melissa K. Sharp, Michael Johnson Mahande, Miriam Nkangu, Olivia Magwood, Peter Craig, Peter Tugwell, Sarah Funnell, Stephen G. Noorduyn, Tamara Kredo, Tanya Horsley, Taryn Young, Tomas Pantoja, Zulfiqar Bhutta, Andrea Martel, Vivian A. Welch
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the support from existing guidance on reporting health equity in research and identify additional items. A total of 34 resources were included, which supported candidate items and contributed to new items. The existing resources aligned with the candidate items and additional items were identified for the development of a guideline. Rating: 7 out of 10.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
G. Justus Hofmeyr, Robert E. Black, Ewelina Rogozinska, Austin Heuer, Neff Walker, Per Ashorn, Ulla Ashorn, Nita Bhandari, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Annariina Koivu, Somesh Kumar, Joy E. Lawn, Stephen Munjanja, Pieta Nasanen-Gilmore, Doreen Ramogola-Masire, Marleen Temmerman
Summary: The World Health Organization recommends a package of care for all pregnant women within eight scheduled antenatal care contacts. Additional effective measures are needed to reduce and manage the outcomes for small vulnerable newborns. Evidence-based antenatal and intrapartum interventions are summarized to prevent vulnerable births or improve outcomes. Implementing eight proven preventive interventions and two intrapartum interventions could prevent millions of neonatal deaths per year.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Gary L. Darmstadt, Betty Kirkwood, Shuchita Gupta, Gary L. Darmstadt, Betty Kirkwood, Shuchita Gupta, Ebunoluwa Adejuyigbe, Rajiv Bahl, Maneesh Batra, Zulfiqar Bhutta, Tasmin Bota, Nathalie Charpak, Harish Chellani, Mickey Chopra, Teesta Dey, Queen Dube, Nicholas Embleton, Viviana Fernandez, Elizabeth Franklin, Meena Gandhi, Sumita Ghosh, Lars Gronseth, Tedbabe Degefie Hailegebriel, Aya Hasegawa, Bo Jacobsson, Lily Kak, Jan Lucas Ket, Tore Laerdal, Joy E. Lawn, Silke Mader, Hema Magge, Sarmila Mazumder, Keiko Osaki, Janna Patterson, Luwei Pearson, Roberta Petrucci, Mihretab Salasibew, Abiy Seifu, Nalini Singhal, Peter Waiswa, Dilys Walker, Karen Walker, Steve Wall, Bjorn Westrup
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Aamer Imdad, Fanny F. Chen, Melissa Francois, Momal Sana, Emily Tanner-Smith, Abigail Smith, Olivia Tsistinas, Jai K. Das, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Summary: The objective of this systematic review was to examine the effects of routinely administering antibiotics to infants under 6 months of age with growth failure/faltering. However, the literature search yielded no eligible studies to address this question. Future studies with sufficient sample sizes are needed to evaluate the potential risks and benefits of antibiotics in malnourished infants under 6 months of age.
Article
Hematology
Azalea M. Thomson, Theresa A. McHugh, Assaf P. Oron, Corey Teply, Nikhil Lonberg, Victor M. Vilchis Tella, Lauren B. Wilner, Kia Fuller, Hailey Hagins, Richard Gyan Aboagye, Melka Biratu Aboye, Eman Abu-Gharbieh, Ahmed Abu-Zaid, Isaac Yeboah Addo, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah, Aqeel Ahmad, Saif Aldeen S. AlRyalat, Hubert Amu, Aleksandr Y. Aravkin, Judie Arulappan, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atout, Ashish D. Badiye, Sara Bagherieh, Maciej Banach, Morteza Banakar, Mainak Bardhan, Amadou Barrow, Deriba Abera Bedane, Isabela M. Bensenor, Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula, Pankaj Bhardwaj, Prarthna Bhardwaj, Ajay Nagesh Bhat, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Mariah Malak Bilalaga, Jessica Devin Bishai, Saeid Bitaraf, Archith Boloor, Muhammad Hammad Butt, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Dinh-Toi Chu, Omid Dadras, Xiaochen Dai, Bardia Danaei, Anh Kim Dang, Fitsum Wolde Demisse, Meghnath Dhimal, Daniel Diaz, Shirin Djalalinia, Deepa Dongarwar, Muhammed Elhadi, Mohamed A. Elmonem, Christopher Imokhuede Esezobor, Farshid Etaee, Oghenowede Eyawo, Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe, Ali Fatehizadeh, Lisa M. Force, William M. Gardner, Kazem Ghaffari, Paramjit Singh Gill, Mahaveer Golechha, Pouya Goleij, Vivek Kumar Gupta, Hamidreza Hasani, Treska S. Hassan, Mohammed Bheser Hassen, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Adalia I. Ikiroma, Chidozie C. D. Iwu, Peter Bai James, Shubha Jayaram, Rime Jebai, Ravi Prakash Jha, Nitin Joseph, Farnaz Kalantar, Himal Kandel, Ibraheem M. Karaye, Woldeteklehaymanot Dagne Kassahun, Imteyaz A. Khan, Shaghayegh Khanmohammadi, Adnan Kisa, Farzad Kompani, Kewal Krishan, Ivan Landires, Stephen S. Lim, Preetam Bhalchandra Mahajan, Soleiman Mahjoub, Azeem Majeed, Bishnu P. Marasini, Haftu Asmerom Meresa, Tomislav Mestrovic, Sonica Minhas, Awoke Misganaw, Ali H. Mokdad, Lorenzo Monasta, Ghulam Mustafa, Tapas Sadasivan Nair, Sreenivas Narasimha Swamy, Hasan Nassereldine, Zuhair S. Natto, Muhammad Naveed, Biswa Prakash Nayak, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Taylor Noyes, Chisom Adaobi Nri-ezedi, Vincent Ebuka Nwatah, Chimezie Igwegbe Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet Nzoputam, Osaretin Christabel Okonji, Adeyinka Omoniyi Onikan, Mayowa O. Owolabi, Jay Patel, Siddhartha Pati, Shrikant Pawar, Ionela-Roxana Petcu, Frederic B. Piel, Ibrahim Qattea, Mehran Rahimi, Mosiur Rahman, Salman Rawaf, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed Redwan, Nazila Rezaei, Basema Saddik, Umar Saeed, Fatemeh Saheb Sharif-Askari, Abdallah M. Samy, Austin E. Schumacher, Elaheh Shaker, Adithi Shetty, Migbar Mekonnen Sibhat, Jasvinder A. Singh, Muhammad Suleman, Dev Ram Sunuwar, Mindy D. Szeto, Jacques J. L. Lukenze Tamuzi, Nathan Y. Tat, Birhan Tsegaw Taye, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Muhammad Umair, Sahel Valadan Tahbaz, Cong Wang, Nuwan Darshana Wickramasinghe, Arzu Yigit, Vahit Yigit, Ismaeel Yunusa, Burhan Abdullah Zaman, Moein Zangiabadian, Peng Zheng, Simon Hay, Mohsen Naghavi, Christopher J. L. Murray, Nicholas J. Kassebaum
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive global assessment of the prevalence and mortality burden of sickle cell disease. It reveals a strikingly high contribution of sickle cell disease to overall mortality, especially in children. Comprehensive strategies are needed to address the morbidity and mortality associated with sickle cell disease.
LANCET HAEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Clara Calvert, Meredith (Merilee) Brockway, Helga Zoega, Jessica E. Miller, Jasper V. Been, Adeladza Kofi Amegah, Amy Racine-Poon, Solmaz Eradat Oskoui, Ishaya I. Abok, Nima Aghaeepour, Christie D. Akwaowo, Belal N. Alshaikh, Adejumoke I. Ayede, Fabiana Bacchini, Behzad Barekatain, Rodrigo Barnes, Karolina Bebak, Anick Berard, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Jeffrey R. Brook, Lenroy R. Bryan, Kim N. Cajachagua-Torres, Marsha Campbell-Yeo, Dinh-Toi Chu, Kristin L. Connor, Luc Cornette, Sandra Cortes, Mandy Daly, Christian Debauche, Iyabode Olabisi F. Dedeke, Kristjana Einarsdottir, Hilde Engjom, Guadalupe Estrada-Gutierrez, Ilaria Fantasia, Nicole M. Fiorentino, Meredith Franklin, Abigail Fraser, Onesmus W. Gachuno, Linda A. Gallo, Mika Gissler, Siri E. Haberg, Abbas Habibelahi, Jonas Haeggstroem, Lauren Hookham, Lisa Hui, Luis Huicho, Karen J. Hunter, Sayeeda Huq, K. C. Ashish, Seilesh Kadambari, Roya Kelishadi, Narjes Khalili, Joanna Kippen, Kirsty Le Doare, Javier Llorca, Laura A. Magee, Maria C. Magnus, Kenneth K. C. Man, Patrick M. Mburugu, Rishi P. Mediratta, Andrew D. Morris, Nazeem Muhajarine, Rachel H. Mulholland, Livia Nagy Bonnard, Victoria Nakibuuka, Natasha Nassar, Sylvester D. Nyadanu, Laura Oakley, Adesina Oladokun, Oladapo O. Olayemi, Olanike A. Olutekunbi, Rosena O. Oluwafemi, Taofik O. Ogunkunle, Chris Orton, Anne K. oertqvist, Joseph Ouma, Oyejoke Oyapero, Kirsten R. Palmer, Lars H. Pedersen, Gavin Pereira, Isabel Pereyra, Roy K. Philip, Dominik Pruski, Marcin Przybylski, Hugo G. Quezada-Pinedo, Annette K. Regan, Natasha R. Rhoda, Tonia A. Rihs, Taylor Riley, Thiago Augusto Hernandes Rocha, Daniel L. Rolnik, Christoph Saner, Francisco J. Schneuer, Vivienne L. Souter, Olof Stephansson, Shengzhi Sun, Emma M. Swift, Miklos Szabo, Marleen Temmerman, Lloyd Tooke, Marcelo L. Urquia, Peter von Dadelszen, Gregory A. Wellenius, Clare Whitehead, Ian C. K. Wong, Rachael Wood, Katarzyna Wroblewska-Seniuk, Kojo Yeboah-Antwi, Christopher S. Yilgwan, Agnieszka Zawiejska, Aziz Sheikh, Natalie Rodriguez, David Burgner, Sarah J. Stock, Meghan B. Azad
Summary: An analysis of 52 million births in 26 countries suggests that there were slight reductions in preterm birth rates during the first to third months of lockdown. However, further research is needed to understand the causal pathways. Preterm birth is a significant cause of infant mortality globally. The study also found variations in stillbirth rates across different countries. The findings highlight the importance of studying the effects of lockdown measures on birth outcomes.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Farah Asif, Faisal Sultan, Iqra Masood, Shahtaj Baig, Perihan Elif Ekmecki, Vina Vaswani, Zulfiqar Bhutta, Francis Crawley
Summary: This paper presents a systematic scoping review on research ethics committees, institutional review boards, and ethics review framework in Pakistan. The study identifies four key insights, including the lack of regulation and accreditation of these committees, the absence of formal training for committee members, pressures that hinder independent decision-making, and various issues affecting the functionality and performance of these committees.
JOURNAL OF THE PAKISTAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Leila Harrison, Zahra Padhani, Rehana Salam, Christina Oh, Komal Rahim, Maria Maqsood, Anna Ali, Kimberly Charbonneau, Emily C. Keats, Zohra S. Lassi, Aamer Imdad, Aatekah Owais, Jai Das, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
Summary: This review comprehensively synthesizes new emerging evidence on topics related to complementary feeding. The lack of relevant information makes it difficult to draw conclusions on the ideal feeding schedule and food type. Studies on the effects of animal milk versus infant formula for non-breastfed infants are limited but indicate a greater risk of anemia with cow's milk. Successful interventions for improving micronutrient status and anthropometry during complementary feeding include fortified blended foods, supplementary foods, and nutrient supplements. Complementary feeding education can improve nutrition outcomes for infants in both food secure and insecure populations.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aman B. Pulungan, Carine de Beaufort, Amajida F. Ratnasari, Helena A. Puteri, Laura Lewis-Watts, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
Summary: Ten years after the discovery of insulin, the increasing prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has highlighted the existing inequalities in the provision of essential care for T1DM worldwide. An electronic survey was conducted among pediatric societies worldwide to investigate the access to and availability of pediatric diabetes care. The results showed significant disparities in the access, availability, and affordability of diabetes testing, medications, and support, indicating the need for country- and region-specific improvements to national programs to achieve optimal pediatric diabetes care globally.
CLINICAL PEDIATRIC ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shabina Ariff, Sajid Bashir Soofi, Maria Bhura, Ahmad Khan, Sumra Kureishy, Muhammad Umer, Imtiaz Hussain, Muhammad Sajid, Arjumand Rizvi, Zulfiqar A. A. Bhutta
Summary: This study assessed the impact of a community-based intervention delivered through community health workers to improve postpartum and newborn care practices. The intervention group showed significant improvements in receiving antenatal care, home deliveries, deliveries by skilled birth attendants, and participation in care-seeking practices during the postpartum period compared to the control group.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH-HEIDELBERG
(2023)