Article
Clinical Neurology
Yuji Takahara, Toyosaku Ota, Yoko Nakanishi, Shotaro Ueda, Peter Jurica, Zbignew R. Struzik, Kohei Nishitomi, Junzo Iida, Toshifumi Kishimoto, Andrzej Cichocki, Minoru Hasegawa, Koichi Ogawa
Summary: This study explores EEG markers for estimating the therapeutic efficacy of medication in ADHD patients. It found that changes in theta band power in the right temporal areas, alpha in the left occipital and frontal areas, and beta in the left frontal areas can differentiate between good and poor responders to MPH treatment. It also showed that good responders had improvements in several coherence measures after treatment.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mathieu Di Miceli, Asma Derf, Benjamin Gronier
Summary: The study found that Methylphenidate (MPH) can modulate neurotransmitter efflux in brain regions enriched with dopamine and/or norepinephrine terminals, resulting in long-lasting alterations of striatal and prefrontal neurotransmission.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Marcelo Gomes Davanco, Jessica Meulman, Thalita Martins da Silva, Fernando Costa, Karini Bruno Bellorio, Iram Moreira Mundim, Ana Carolina Costa Sampaio, Leonardo de Souza Teixeira, Celso Francisco Pimentel Vespasiano
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the bioequivalence between two methylphenidate extended-release tablets and found that the test formulation was considered bioequivalent to the reference formulation in both fasting and fed conditions. Both formulations were safe and well tolerated.
Article
Psychiatry
Sevim Berrin Inci Izmir, Melis Ipci, Eyup Sabri Ercan
Summary: This study investigated the effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on neurocognitive test scores in individuals with different presentations of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as well as the impact of comorbidities on executive function. The results showed that MPH treatment improved neurocognitive test scores in patients with different presentations of ADHD, and the treatment was effective even in the presence of comorbidities.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Cecilia Mazzetti, Christienne Gonzales Damatac, Emma Sprooten, Niels ter Huurne, Jan K. Buitelaar, Ole Jensen
Summary: This study aimed to identify the white matter tracts that mediate the effect of methylphenidate (MPH) on ADHD patients. The results showed that the anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), superior longitudinal fasciculus (parietal endings) (SLFp), and superior longitudinal fasciculus (temporal endings) (SLFt) were significantly associated with the effects of MPH. In addition, ADHD symptom severity was related to lower fractional anisotropy (FA) within the ATR, and individuals with higher FA in SLFp compared to SLFt exhibited stronger behavioral effects of MPH and beta power modulation.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Marc Cataldo, Graeme Donnelly, Andrew J. Cutler, Ann Childress, Jaromir Mikl, Sailaja Bhaskar, James Waxmonsky
Summary: This study compared the impact of PRC-063 and placebo on sleep quality and duration in patients with ADHD, using daily electronic diaries. The results showed no significant difference in sleep quality and total sleep time between the PRC-063 and placebo groups in both pediatric and adult patients.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ann C. Childress, Andrew J. Cutler, Michelle D. Po, Norberto J. DeSousa, Lewis E. Warrington, Floyd R. Sallee, Bev Incledon
Summary: The study demonstrates that with optimized dosing of DR/ER-MPH for ADHD symptoms, the majority of participants were able to achieve all-day control of ADHD symptoms and functional impairment to the level of their non-ADHD peers.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Michal Yackobovitch-Gavan, Aviva Mimouni-Bloch, Uri Gabbay, Doron Carmi, BatEl Goldstein, Lital Keinan-Boker, Stav Bloch, Joseph Meyerovitch
Summary: This study evaluated the sex-specific effects of stimulants on body mass index (BMI) z and height z trajectories in children with ADHD. It found that boys were more likely to experience a decline in height z score, while BMI trajectories were similar between boys and girls. Factors such as younger age at treatment initiation, better adherence, longer treatment duration, and lower socioeconomic status were associated with greater growth attenuation. Children without ADHD had higher baseline height z score and BMI z score compared to children with ADHD after 1 year of treatment.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Lin Zhang, Deirdre M. McCarthy, Karen L. Eskow Jaunarajs, Joseph Biederman, Thomas J. Spencer, Pradeep G. Bhide
Summary: The study indicates that the KOR antagonist norbinaltorphimine (norBNI) and methylphenidate can improve attention and working memory in the PNE mouse model by increasing dopamine and noradrenaline release.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Darwin Contreras, Ricardo Pina, Claudia Carvallo, Felipe Godoy, Gonzalo Ugarte, Marc Zeise, Carlos Rozas, Bernardo Morales
Summary: This study demonstrates that methylphenidate can restore behavioral impairments and neuroplasticity in an ADHD mouse model induced by prenatal nicotine exposure. The restoration is achieved through changes in AMPAR subunit composition and distribution, as well as the maturation of dendritic spines.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Sara Carucci, Carla Balia, Antonella Gagliano, Angelico Lampis, Jan K. Buitelaar, Marina Danckaerts, Ralf W. Dittmann, Peter Garas, Chris Hollis, Sarah Inglis, Kerstin Konrad, Hanna Kovshoff, Elizabeth B. Liddle, Suzanne McCarthy, Peter Nagy, Pietro Panei, Roberta Romaniello, Tatiana Usala, Ian C. K. Wong, Tobias Banaschewski, Edmund Sonuga-Barke, David Coghill, Alessandro Zuddas
Summary: The study reviewed the association of long-term MPH exposure with height, weight, and timing of puberty in ADHD individuals. MPH was found to have consistent significant effects on reducing height and weight, with more prominent impacts observed in the initial months of treatment. Limited data were available on the timing of puberty. Prospective studies are needed to further explore the underlying biological mechanisms and potential clinical implications.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
William E. Pelham, Amy R. Altszuler, Brittany M. Merrill, Joseph S. Raiker, Fiona L. Macphee, Marcela Ramos, Elizabeth M. Gnagy, Andrew R. Greiner, Erika K. Coles, Carol M. Connor, Christopher J. Lonigan, Lisa Burger, Anne S. Morrow, Xin Zhao, James M. Swanson, James G. Waxmonsky, William E. Pelham
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of stimulant medication on the acquisition of academic material in children with ADHD in a classroom setting. The results showed that medication had positive effects on students' seatwork productivity and classroom behavior, but did not improve their learning of new academic material.
JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Ann C. Childress, Henry C. Foehl, Jeffrey H. Newcorn, Stephen Faraone, Benjamin Levinson, Akwete L. Adjei
Summary: The study on the long-term safety and symptom control of extended-release methylphenidate in children aged 4 to <6 years showed that most treatment-emergent adverse events were of mild or moderate severity, weight and height z scores as well as obesity rates decreased significantly, with insomnia reported in 9% and hypertension in 6.7%, while ADHD symptom control was maintained.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Irene M. Loe, Nathan J. Blum, Justine Shults, William Barbaresi, Ami Bax, Jaclyn Cacia, Alexis Deavenport-Saman, Sandra Friedman, Angela LaRosa, Shruti Mittal, Douglas Vanderbilt, Elizabeth Harstad
Summary: This retrospective study reviewed electronic medical records from seven academic medical centers in the US. The study evaluated the type and frequency of common and uncommon adverse effects (AEs) associated with alpha-2 adrenergic agonist (A2A) and stimulant treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in preschool-age children. Results showed that A2A and stimulants had different AE profiles, with A2A having a higher proportion of daytime sleepiness and headaches, while stimulants had higher proportions of most other AEs. Younger age was associated with disruptive behavior and sleep difficulties. Prospective randomized clinical trials are needed to fully compare the efficacy and AE profiles of A2A and stimulants.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Ana Checa-Ros, Antonio Munoz-Hoyos, Antonio Molina-Carballo, Iris Viejo-Boyano, Maricarmen Chacin, Valmore Bermudez, Luis D'Marco
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of low doses of melatonin (aMT) on the sleep patterns of pediatric patients with ADHD receiving treatment with methylphenidate (MPH). The results showed that 1 mg of aMT significantly increased sleep duration in ADHD patients. The study also suggested further placebo-controlled trials adjusting the time of aMT administration to explore its effects on shortening sleep-onset latency.