Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Baixiang Xiao, Xuejun Gu, Ling Jin, Ving Fai Chan, Yanping Li, Carlos Price-Sanchez, Yuanping Liu, Yanfang Wang, Haoxiang Fu, Dongfeng Li, Nathan Congdon
Summary: This study investigated the willingness to pay for diabetic retinopathy screening among diabetic patients in rural China, and found that 60% of participants were willing to pay for the screening with amounts ranging from 10 to 120 Chinese yuan. People living in rural areas and those from lower-income families were more likely to be willing to pay, while men, urban residents, and those covered by employer-linked insurance were willing to pay larger sums.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Louise Prothero, Martin Cartwright, Fabiana Lorencatto, Jennifer M. Burr, John Anderson, Philip Gardner, Justin Presseau, Noah Ivers, Jeremy M. Grimshaw, John G. Lawrenson
Summary: This study aimed to identify barriers and enablers of diabetic retinopathy screening attendance among young adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in the UK. The results showed that most young adults considered diabetic retinopathy screening to be a high priority but desired greater appointment flexibility and more support.
BMJ OPEN DIABETES RESEARCH & CARE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Vincent Khou, Muhammad Azaan Khan, Ivy Wei Jiang, Paula Katalinic, Ashish Agar, Barbara Zangerl
Summary: This study examined the benefits and barriers of a nationwide diabetic retinopathy screening programme funded by the Australian Government. The telereading service involved in the programme was found to diagnose diabetic retinopathy and other ocular pathologies in images it received. Overcoming key barriers, such as access to ophthalmologists and optometrists, is crucial to improving visual outcomes for people with diabetes.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Pedro Romero-Aroca, Marc Baget-Bernaldiz, Ramon Sagarra, Esther Hervas, Reyes Blasco, Julia Molina, Empar F. Moreno, Eugeni Garcia-Curto
Summary: The study found that during the COVID-19 pandemic, attendance in the diabetes screening program decreased in 2020 and then recovered in 2021. Additionally, there was a slight increase in cases of the most severe forms of diabetic retinopathy starting in 2021.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Abraham Olvera-Barrios, Michael Seltene, Tjebo F. C. Heeren, Ryan Chambers, Louis Bolter, Adnan Tufail, Christopher G. Owen, Alicja R. Rudnicka, Catherine Egan, John Anderson
Summary: This study examines the association of sociodemographic characteristics with attendance at diabetic eye screening in an ethnically diverse urban population. It found that Asian ethnic groups had a higher likelihood of attending screenings compared to the White ethnic group, while individuals with a poorer socioeconomic profile were more likely to miss screenings. Further research is needed to target individuals at risk of non-attendance and reduce inequalities.
Review
Ophthalmology
Xiaorong Li, Tien-En Tan, Tien Y. Wong, Xiaodong Sun
Summary: Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of vision impairment in the global working-age population. In China, with a large population of diabetes patients, the prevalence of blindness due to diabetic retinopathy has significantly increased. Geographic variations in socioeconomic status have resulted in disparities in the prevalence, screening, and management of diabetic retinopathy in China. Risk factors include long diabetes duration, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and rural habitats.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Firew Tekle Bobo, Augustine Asante, Mirkuzie Woldie, Angela Dawson, Andrew Hayen
Summary: This study examined the wealth-related inequalities in skilled birth attendance and caesarean deliveries in sub-Saharan Africa, and identified predictors such as number of antenatal care contacts, maternal education, household wealth status, and radio listening frequency. It also found that women in rural areas and those who have to travel long distances to access health facilities were less likely to have skilled attendant at birth or caesarean section.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Katie Curran, Nathan Congdon, Tung Thanh Hoang, Lynne Lohfeld, Van Thu Nguyen, Hue Thi Nguyen, Quan Nhu Nguyen, Catherine Dardis, Gianni Virgili, Prabhath Piyasena, Huong Tran, Recivall Pascual Salongcay, Mai Quoc Tung, Tunde Peto
Summary: This study compares the accuracy of trained diabetic retinopathy (DR) graders at different levels in Vietnam and evaluates the impact of targeted grader training. The results show that targeted training interventions can improve the accuracy of DR grading, which is important for improving service delivery in DR screening programs in low-resource settings.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xinyin Xu, Wei Yang, Yin Deng, Lingling Liu, Xin Zhang, Chengxu Long, Ting Dong, Jing Zeng, Ji Kui, Xianping Wu
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the association between socioeconomic factors and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level and diabetic retinopathy (DR). The study found that individuals with higher social health insurance coverage, higher income, and urban residence were more likely to have better glycemic control and a lower risk of DR. Therefore, national programs are needed to implement community-level measures to improve HbA1c management and early detection of DR in patients with lower socioeconomic status and diabetes.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Angela Salomon, Jody Boffa, Sizulu Moyo, Jeremiah Chikovore, Giorgia Sulis, Benjamin Daniels, Ada Kwan, Tsatsawani Mkhombo, Sarah Wu, Madhukar Pai, Amrita Daftary
Summary: There are concerns about inappropriate antimicrobial use, private healthcare costs, and TB diagnostic delay in the prescribing practices among private general practitioners for individuals with TB-like symptoms in South Africa.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hana Kim, Frank Tanser, Andrew Tomita, Alain Vandormael, Diego F. Cuadros
Summary: Despite progress towards the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets, South Africa still faces one of the largest HIV epidemics globally. This study found extensive spatial variation in HIV prevalence and significant numbers of PLHIV in underserved areas, particularly in KwaZulu-Natal province where there is less than one healthcare facility per 1000 PLHIV.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Dhruva Patel, Ajaykarthik Ananthakrishnan, Tyger Lin, Roomasa Channa, T. Y. Alvin Liu, Risa M. Wolf
Summary: Diabetic retinal disease is the main cause of blindness among individuals with diabetes. Underserved and minority populations in the United States are disproportionately affected by diabetic retinopathy and other diabetes-related health outcomes. This narrative review highlights racial disparities and the wide range of disparities associated with social determinants of health.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Eugene Budu, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah, Richard Gyan Aboagye, Ebenezer Kwesi Armah-Ansah, Abdul-Aziz Seidu, Collins Adu, Edward Kwabena Ameyaw, Sanni Yaya
Summary: The study revealed significant variations in complete childhood vaccination rates across countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Maternal healthcare utilisation (ANC visits, skilled birth delivery, PNC attendance) had a significant association with complete childhood vaccination.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Francisca Mutapi, Geoffrey Banda, Mark Woolhouse
Summary: TIBA is a global partnership aimed at strengthening health systems in Africa to combat neglected tropical diseases, malaria and emerging pathogens. TIBA has made significant achievements in Africa and internationally, including strengthening the evidence base for international policy on neglected tropical diseases, providing training and career development opportunities, and supporting African research institutions.
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kuan-Yu Lin, Wen-Hui Hsih, Yen-Bo Lin, Chen-Yu Wen, Tien-Jyun Chang
Summary: Despite advancements in treating diabetic macular edema and retinopathy, limited medical resources contribute to lower fundus examination rates, delaying diagnosis and treatment. Implementation of automated screening programs and identification of specific biomarkers are crucial for early detection, reducing the prevalence of poor vision and blindness.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ian J. C. MacCormick, Valentina Barrera, Nicholas A. Beare, Gabriela Czanner, Michael Potchen, Samuel Kampondeni, Robert S. Heyderman, Alister G. Craig, Malcolm E. Molyneux, Macpherson Mallewa, Valerie A. White, Dan Milner, Paul Hiscott, Terrie E. Taylor, Karl B. Seydel, Simon P. Harding
Summary: In cerebral malaria, retinal vascular leakage is associated with brain swelling and death. Retinal blood vessel rupture can cause cerebral hemorrhage and brain swelling, while vessel leak and barrier dysfunction are associated with neurological deficits.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
M. J. Lavery, B. O'Brien, F. Jmor, V. Price, G. Guthrie, N. Khirwadkar, N. Beare, M. Wood
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Correction
Ophthalmology
Asterios Diafas, Nima Ghadiri, Nick Beare, Savita Madhusudhan, Ian Pearce, Shi Zhuan Tan
Article
Ophthalmology
Eleftherios I. Agorogiannis, Deena Maleedy, Navid Hakim, David McDaid, Laura Silver, Savita Madhusudhan, Nicholas A. V. Beare
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Handan Akil, Jamie Burgess, Sarah Nevitt, Simon P. Harding, Uazman Alam, Philip Burgess
Summary: This systematic review summarizes the epidemiology of early worsening of diabetic retinopathy (EWDR) in patients with diabetes after substantial improvements in glycaemic control, identifying some risk factors. However, the prevalence of EWDR remains unclear due to methodological differences among the identified studies.
Article
Ophthalmology
Xiaoxuan Liu, Aditya U. Kale, Giovanni Ometto, Giovanni Montesano, Alice J. Sitch, Nicholas Capewell, Charlotte Radovanovic, Nicholas Bucknall, Nicholas A. V. Beare, David J. Moore, Pearse A. Keane, David P. Crabb, Alastair K. Denniston
Summary: The study demonstrates that optical coherence tomography (OCT) can reliably quantify vitreous haze (VH) and its measurement is associated with clinical grading of VH and visual acuity (VA). However, the accuracy of OCT measurements may be affected by media opacities.
TRANSLATIONAL VISION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Respiratory System
Onn Min Kon, Nicholas Beare, David Connell, Erika Damato, Thomas Gorsuch, Guy Hagan, Felicity Perrin, Harry Petrushkin, Jessica Potter, Charanjit Sethi, Miles Stanford
Summary: The BTS clinical statement on ocular tuberculosis in adults outlines the current understanding of disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management, while also acknowledging the lack of high-quality evidence and animal model data. Consensus points and best practices are provided to improve and standardize patient care.
BMJ OPEN RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2022)
Letter
Ophthalmology
Kyle J. Wilson, Nicholas A. V. Beare
Review
Ophthalmology
Nicholas A. V. Beare
Summary: Cerebral malaria (CM) is a common cause of death in African children, with an annual mortality of 400,000. Malarial retinopathy is a unique set of fundus signs that have diagnostic and prognostic value in CM. The assessment of malarial retinopathy is widely used in clinical care and research.
Article
Ophthalmology
Paul J. Steptoe, Ian Pearce, Nicholas A. V. Beare, Sreekanth Sreekantham, Bashar R. Mohammed, Robert J. Barry, Alastair K. Denniston, Philip I. Murray
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of treatment on acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) and relentless placoid chorioretinopathy (RPC). The results showed that natural history alone appears to be as effective as corticosteroid treatment, with less lesion development in the observed group.
OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION
(2023)
Letter
Parasitology
Jamie Burke, Neeraj Dhaun, Baljean Dhillon, Kyle J. Wilson, Nicholas A. V. Beare, Ian J. C. MacCormick
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Oliver Mase, Mustafa Qasem, Nicholas Beare
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of adalimumab (ADA) and infliximab (IFX), two biological anti-tumour necrosis factor agents, in the management of autoimmune uveitis. The findings of six included studies suggested that ADA and IFX have similar effectiveness and safety profiles in the treatment of autoimmune uveitis. However, the available evidence is limited, of low quality, and at high risk of bias, indicating the need for large randomized controlled trials to provide more substantial evidence.
BMJ OPEN OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Ophthalmology
Kyle J. Wilson, Nicholas A. V. Beare
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jacqueline Ramke, Jennifer R. Evans, Esmael Habtamu, Nyawira Mwangi, Juan Carlos Silva, Bonnielin K. Swenor, Nathan Congdon, Hannah B. Faal, Allen Foster, David S. Friedman, Stephen Gichuhi, Jost B. Jonas, Peng T. Khaw, Fatima Kyari, Gudlavalleti V. S. Murthy, Ningli Wang, Tien Y. Wong, Richard Wormald, Mayinuer Yusufu, Hugh Taylor, Serge Resnikoff, Sheila K. West, Matthew J. Burton
Summary: Through the Grand Challenges in Global Eye Health exercise, key issues in improving eye health have been identified and specific challenges have been prioritised. This list can guide funders in investing in research and innovation in the field of eye health, and encourages collaboration among researchers, clinicians, and policy makers to address these challenges.
LANCET HEALTHY LONGEVITY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jacqueline Ramke, Jennifer R. Evans, Esmael Habtamu, Nyawira Mwangi, Juan Carlos Silva, Bonnielin K. Swenor, Nathan Congdon, Hannah B. Faal, Allen Foster, David S. Friedman, Stephen Gichuhi, Jost B. Jonas, Peng Khaw, Fatima Kyari, Gudlavalleti V. S. Murthy, Ningli Wang, Tien Y. Wong, Richard Wormald, Mayinuer Yusufu, Hugh Taylor, Serge Resnikoff, Sheila K. West, Matthew J. Burton
Summary: By conducting a prioritisation exercise, researchers identified key issues in global eye health and developed both global and regional priority lists, providing a roadmap for immediate action and collaboration to address specific challenges.
LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH
(2022)