Article
Immunology
Sara E. Oliver, Amy B. Rubis, Heidi M. Soeters, Arthur Reingold, Meghan Barnes, Susan Petit, Monica M. Farley, Lee H. Harrison, Kathy Como-Sabetti, Sarah A. Khanlian, Rachel Wester, Ann Thomas, William Schaffner, Henju Marjuki, Xin Wang, Susan Hariri
Summary: This study evaluated the epidemiology of NTHi disease in the US, including among pregnant women, infants, and PWH. Results showed that NTHi causes substantial invasive disease, especially among older adults, pregnant/postpartum women, and neonates. Enhanced surveillance and targeted interventions are needed to prevent perinatal NTHi infections.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biology
Nik Mohd Noor Nik Zuraina, Habsah Hasan, Suharni Mohamad, Siti Suraiya
Summary: This study conducted a diagnostic screening of bacterial respiratory tract infections (RTIs) among Malaysian Hajj pilgrims using a newly developed PCR assay. The results showed that H. influenzae was the predominant bacterium in the pilgrims' sputum samples. The multiplex PCR assay demonstrated advantages of simplicity, speed, and reliability compared to sputum culture, particularly during the Hajj pilgrimage.
SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nadia A. Kadry, Eric A. Porsch, Hao Shen, Joseph W. St Geme
Summary: NTHi is a common cause of respiratory tract disease and preventing colonization is a strategy to prevent disease. Immunization with HMW1 and HMW2 can protect against colonization by both parent NTHi strain and heterologous strains expressing distinct HMW1 and HMW2 proteins. The protection against heterologous strains is IL-17A dependent.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Grigorios Chatziparasidis, Ahmad Kantar, Keith Grimwood
Summary: The respiratory tract antimicrobial defense system protects the lungs from microorganisms through various defense mechanisms. Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), a potential pathogen, uses multiple strategies to colonize the lower airways and establish persistent infections. NTHi impairs mucociliary clearance, evades host defenses, and forms biofilms, causing chronic infections and inflammation. Understanding the molecular pathogenesis of NTHi is important for developing effective therapies and vaccines, considering its genetic heterogeneity. Currently, there are no vaccine candidates ready for large clinical trials.
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
M. P. E. Slack, A. W. Cripps, K. Grimwood, G. A. Mackenzie, G. M. Ulanova
Summary: Hib used to be a common cause of bacterial infections in children, but with the widespread use of vaccines, its incidence has decreased. However, other capsulated serotypes are now causing more invasive infections in various regions. Surveillance and prevention efforts need to be strengthened to address this emerging trend.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Athanasia Xirogianni, Theano Georgakopoulou, Vassileios Patsourakos, Ioanna Magaziotou, Anastasia Papandreou, Stelmos Simantirakis, Georgina Tzanakaki
Summary: This study developed and deployed a serotyping method to monitor meningitis caused by H. influenzae. The study found a low incidence of Hib, while an increase in NTHi and serotypes Hia and Hif was observed. The results of the study revealed the changing trends of H. influenzae disease after Hib vaccination.
Article
Microbiology
Timothy F. Murphy, Charmaine Kirkham, Adonis D'Mello, Sanjay Sethi, Melinda M. Pettigrew, Herve Tettelin
Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common and debilitating disorder that is the third leading cause of death worldwide. This study analyzed the persistence of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) in COPD airways and found that the NTHi genome undergoes inversion during persistence, resulting in changes in expression of key virulence factors. It was also discovered that the adhesins HMW1 and HMW2 play a critical role in NTHi adherence and invasion of respiratory epithelial cells. These findings provide important insights into the mechanisms of NTHi persistence in COPD airways and may inform the development of novel interventions.
Article
Pediatrics
Marika Paalanne, Minna Honkila, Niko Paalanne, Suvi Mattila, Tytti Pokka, Marjo Renko, Terhi Tapiainen
Summary: This study investigated the social burden of nasopharyngeal detection of different respiratory viruses and the co-detection of viral and bacterial pathogens. It was found that co-detection of any respiratory virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae in the nasopharynx was associated with longer parental absence from work compared to the detection of viruses alone.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Saber Heidari, Manoochehr Karami, Seyed Mohsen Zahraei, Iraj Sedighi, Fatemeh Azimian Zavareh
Summary: The study investigated the epidemiology of meningitis in Iran following the introduction of the pentavalent vaccine, demonstrating a significant reduction in meningitis caused by H. influenzae type b. The introduction of the pentavalent vaccine has effectively decreased the incidence of meningitis, particularly in children under the age of 5.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Rika Nakahashi-Ouchida, Hiromi Mori, Yoshikazu Yuki, Shingo Umemoto, Takashi Hirano, Yohei Uchida, Tomonori Machita, Tomoyuki Yamanoue, Shin-ichi Sawada, Masashi Suzuki, Kohtaro Fujihashi, Kazunari Akiyoshi, Yuichi Kurono, Hiroshi Kiyono
Summary: A nasal vaccine containing the NTHi surface antigen P6 was developed, which effectively induced specific IgA antibodies and prevented NTHi colonization and biofilm formation, providing protection against infection in mice.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sharon L. Clark, Elke J. Seppanen, Lea-Ann S. Kirkham, Laura A. Novotny, Lauren O. Bakaletz, Allan W. Cripps, Karli Corscadden, Harvey Coates, Shyan Vijayasekaran, Peter C. Richmond, Ruth B. Thornton
Summary: The study found that Australian Aboriginal children with chronic and recurrent otitis media had lower serum IgG titers to non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) protein vaccine candidate antigens, suggesting a reduced ability to develop persistent IgG responses due to repeated exposure to various bacterial strains.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nik Mohd Noor Nik Zuraina, Suharni Mohamad, Habsah Hasan, Mohammed Dauda Goni, Siti Suraiya
Summary: A PCR assay was developed for simultaneous detection of six respiratory bacteria and its performance was evaluated in a teaching hospital in Kelantan, Malaysia. The assay showed high accuracy and revealed significant spread of Klebsiella pneumoniae respiratory tract infections in the community.
PATHOGENS AND GLOBAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Sudeshna Saha, Alison Coady, Aniruddha Sasmal, Kunio Kawanishi, Biswa Choudhury, Hai Yu, Ricardo U. Sorensen, Jaime Inostroza, Ian C. Schoenhofen, Xi Chen, Anja Munster-Kuhnel, Chihiro Sato, Ken Kitajima, Sanjay Ram, Victor Nizet, Ajit Varki
Summary: This study demonstrates the presence of anti-Kdn antibodies in humans, suggesting a potential role for Kdn in combating pathogens that rely on nonhuman sialic acids for colonization and virulence. The interaction between Kdn and the immune system provides insights for potential therapeutic interventions against pathogenic bacteria that cloak themselves in external sialic acids.
Article
Immunology
Natalie R. Lindgren, Lea Novak, Benjamin C. Hunt, Melissa S. McDaniel, W. Edward Swords
Summary: Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) commonly experience lifelong respiratory infections. This study found that initial colonization with non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) reduces susceptibility to subsequent Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) infection in the respiratory tract, likely due to the priming of host innate immunity.
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Abdollah Karimi, Sedigheh Rafiei Tabatabaei, Leila Azimi, Nasim Almasian Tehrani, Fatemeh Fallah, Iman Faghihian
Summary: The death rate from meningitis remains high in certain parts of the world. The specific cause of meningitis needs to be identified in order to determine the appropriate treatment. This study investigated the false-negative results of multiplex RT-PCR for detecting Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis serogroup using two different molecular methods.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Developmental Biology
Xingli Fan, Dawei Wang, Xiangdi Shen, Jianing Qiu, Lihui Wu, Jie Yan, Hua Ji
Summary: The study revealed that the aberrant expression of lncRNAs plays a role in glyphosate-induced neurotoxicity, affecting the neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions and calcium signaling pathway. This suggests a potential mechanism for neurotoxicity in neuronal development caused by perinatal glyphosate exposure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xiao-Yi Chen, Xue Yang, Xing-Li Fan
Summary: Surgical removal of damaged eyes is sometimes necessary for patients with serious oculoorbital injuries, intraocular cancers, and other life-threatening diseases. Orbital implants are used to replace the removed eye, providing volume and improving the cosmetic appearance. The design and materials of these implants have improved over the years, but there are still challenges such as migration, infections, and poor eye mobility. Therefore, the development of novel biomaterials with improved functionalities is crucial for better eye replacement.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xingli Fan, Handan Deng, Jianing Qiu, Hua Ji, Xiangdi Shen
Summary: This study established an antibiotic-induced depression mouse model and found that a specific mixture of antibiotics can cause depression-like behavior in mice and affect depression-related biomarkers. The antibiotic-induced depression mice displayed changes in the species and metabolism of intestinal bacterial flora. The activation of the NF-Kappa B inflammatory signaling pathway in the central nervous system may be one of the mechanisms in the development of antibiotic-induced depression.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)