Article
Immunology
Jeanne Goupil de Bouille, Loic Epelboin, Fanny Henaff, Melanie Migaud, Philippe Abboud, Denis Blanchet, Christine Aznar, Felix Djossou, Olivier Lortholary, Narcisse Elenga, Anne Puel, Fanny Lanternier, Magalie Demar
Summary: This study described the characteristics of invasive cryptococcosis in six HIV-negative patients. The results showed that two patients had abnormal levels of circulating autoantibodies and the STAT1 gene was wild type in four patients. Further investigation is needed to understand the manifestations and pathogenic characteristics of cryptococcosis in this particular group of patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jing Liu, Tian-Wei Zhao, Chun Zhou, Hui-Wen Yan, Wen-Hui Lun
Summary: This study found that asymptomatic neurosyphilis (ANS) patients achieve serological cure more rapidly after anti-neurosyphilis treatment compared to other serofast patients. However, for the majority of patients, the serofast status is not easily changed even under neurosyphilis treatment, and further research is needed to understand the pathogenesis of this condition.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hasan Sari, Riccardo Galbusera, Guillaume Bonnier, Yang Lin, Zeynab Alshelh, Angel Torrado-Carvajal, Shibani S. Mukerji, Eva M. Ratai, Rajesh T. Gandhi, Jacqueline T. Chu, Oluwaseun Akeju, Vwaire Orhurhu, Andrew N. Salvatore, Janet Sherman, Douglas S. Kwon, Bruce Walker, Bruce Rosen, Julie C. Price, Lauren E. Pollak, Marco Loggia, Cristina Granziera
Summary: This study aims to investigate the relationship between neuroinflammation and cognitive function in people with HIV (PWH) and compares the neuroinflammation levels in aviremic PWH on therapy and untreated aviremic PWH (elite controllers [ECs]). The results show that ECs have lower neuroinflammation signals in several brain regions compared to PWH, and the neuroinflammation signals are related to processing speed and selective attention. Additionally, the study finds a relationship between neuroinflammation and brain tissue integrity.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Olivier Bylicki, David Delarbre, Aurelie Mayet, Audrey Ferrier, Anne Perisse, Carine Malle, Jacques Cobola, Antoine Bronstein, Nastasia Menoud, Elodie Valero-Biance, Olivier Ferraris, Frederic Janvier, Jean-Nicolas Tournier
Summary: Neutralizing antibody activity persists for up to 9 months following asymptomatic/mild COVID-19 among young adults, regardless of serological results.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Poonam Suryawanshi, Rajani Bagul, Ashwini Shete, Madhuri Thakar
Summary: The study demonstrated that HIV-1 Env could serve as a latency reversal agent (LRA), and only ADCC mediating antibodies were able to kill the reactivated HIV reservoirs. The findings have implications in designing antibody-mediated immunotherapy for eradicating latent HIV reservoir.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Pedro Lopez-Lopez, Mario Frias, Angela Camacho, Isabel Machuca, Javier Caballero-Gomez, Maria A. Risalde, Ignacio Garcia-Bocanegra, Ignacio Perez-Valero, Jose C. Gomez-Villamandos, Antonio Rivero-Juarez, Antonio Rivero
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of HEV antibodies in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients with cirrhosis. The results showed a high seroprevalence of HEV in this population, but also a high rate of seroreversions and intermittent positivity, limiting the use of antibodies for the diagnosis of HEV infection.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jeremie Prevost, Sai Priya Anand, Jyothi Krishnaswamy Rajashekar, Li Zhu, Jonathan Richard, Guillaume Goyette, Halima Medjahed, Gabrielle Gendron-Lepage, Hung-Ching Chen, Yaozong Chen, Joshua A. Horwitz, Michael W. Grunst, Susan Zolla-Pazner, Barton F. Haynes, Dennis R. Burton, Richard A. Flavell, Frank Kirchhoff, Beatrice H. Hahn, Amos B. Smith, Marzena Pazgier, Michel C. Nussenzweig, Priti Kumar, Andres Finzi
Summary: Non-neutralizing antibodies can eliminate HIV-1-infected cells through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Restoring Vpu expression reduces nnAbs recognition of infected cells. The use of CD4-mimetics can make wild-type viruses sensitive to nnAbs effector functions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sebastian Havervall, August Jernbom Falk, Jonas Klingstrom, Henry Ng, Nina Greilert-Norin, Lena Gabrielsson, Ann-Christin Salomonsson, Eva Isaksson, Ann-Sofie Rudberg, Cecilia Hellstrom, Eni Andersson, Jennie Olofsson, Lovisa Skoglund, Jamil Yousef, Elisa Pin, Wanda Christ, Mikaela Olausson, My Hedhammar, Hanna Tegel, Sara Mangsbo, Mia Phillipson, Anna Manberg, Sophia Hober, Peter Nilsson, Charlotte Thalin
Summary: Current serological assays for SARS-CoV-2 generate inconsistent results and the longitudinal characteristics of antibodies targeting different antigens after asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 have not been established. This cohort study involving healthcare workers found that antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen remained detectable in 96% of participants at least four months after infection, even if they had no or mild symptoms. The study also confirmed virus neutralization capacity in 91% of participants at least four months after infection.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Anna Lucia Tornesello, Chiara Botti, Alberto Micillo, Francesco Labonia, Sergio Arpino, Maria Antonietta Isgro, Serena Meola, Luigi Russo, Ernesta Cavalcanti, Silvia Sale, Carmine Nicastro, Luigi Atripaldi, Noemy Starita, Andrea Cerasuolo, Ulf Reimer, Pavlo Holenya, Luigi Buonaguro, Franco M. M. Buonaguro, Maria Lina Tornesello
Summary: This study evaluated the IgG response to linear peptides in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, aiming to identify immunological indicators of COVID-19 clinical outcome. The results showed that antibody production in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients is age-dependent and related to the severity of the disease. Additionally, antibodies against other coronaviruses were detected in all patients.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Gabriel Siracusano, Lucia Lopalco
Summary: Full HIV-1 remission has not been achieved since its discovery 35 years ago. Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) can control viral replication, but is unable to eradicate latent reservoirs and may lead to side effects. Antibody-based treatments, such as anti-CCR5 antibodies, have emerged as alternative approaches to target early stages of infection.
Article
Immunology
Wen Shi Lee, Arnold Reynaldi, Thakshila Amarasena, Miles P. Davenport, Matthew S. Parsons, Stephen J. Kent
Summary: The study found that repeated intravenous doses of PGT121 led to the induction of anti-PGT121 ADA, which in turn resulted in decreased suppression of SHIV viremia.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Martha Martinez-Banfi, Jorge Velez, Moises R. Mebarak Chams, Mauricio Arcos-Holzinger, Johan E. Acosta-Lopez, Ricardo Garcia, Maria Victoria Perea, Mauricio Arcos-Burgos, Valentina Ladera
Summary: The study evaluated the performance of a short protocol for detecting HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), showing promising results in a Caribbean community. Community-specific cut-off values for HAND diagnosis may improve screening accuracy and patient treatment.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Amy M. E. Breedon, Roland J. Saldanha, Richard L. Salisbury, David E. Metzger, Michael P. Werry, Craig J. McPherson, Adam P. Irvin, Christina M. Davis, Charles A. Bogner, Amber M. Braddock, Charles E. Salter, Claude C. Grigsby, Corey R. Hart, Heather A. Pangburn
Summary: The study evaluated the performance of various testing methods for detecting SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and viral RNA in asymptomatic adults, with a seroprevalence of 3.09% and an active infection rate of 0.5% among those tested, comparable to local and national averages at the time. The research also compared technical and non-technical assessments of different testing strategies, aiming to explore orthogonal supply chains and fieldability for informed responses to COVID-19 and future pandemics.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Liina Tserel, Piia Jogi, Paul Naaber, Julia Maslovskaja, Annika Haling, Ahto Salumets, Eva Zusinaite, Hiie Soeorg, Freddy Lattekivi, Diana Ingerainen, Mari Soots, Karolin Toompere, Katrin Kaarna, Kai Kisand, Irja Lutsar, Part Peterson
Summary: In a study of SARS-CoV-2 antibody-positive individuals conducted 7-8 months post-infection, it was found that antibodies to the N protein declined while antibodies to the S-RBD remained stable. The antibodies to S-RBD were correlated with viral neutralization capacity and CD4(+) T cell responses. Additionally, asymptomatic antibody-positive individuals showed increased serum levels of markers associated with activated macrophages-monocytes, indicating long-term persistent inflammatory effects of the viral infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Ting Xue, Xiaomei Kong, Liang Ma
Summary: This review provides an overview of the epidemiology of life-threatening Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in non-HIV patients with various immunodeficient conditions, including solid organ transplantation, immunosuppressive therapy, and COVID-19 infection. The review highlights the molecular epidemiology of PCP outbreaks in solid organ transplant recipients, the risk of PCP associated with immunodepleting monoclonal antibodies and genetic defects causing primary immunodeficiency, and the trend of concurrent PCP infection in COVID-19. The objective is to increase awareness and knowledge of PCP in non-HIV patients for improved early identification and treatment.