Article
Infectious Diseases
Hironori Kobayashi, Yuichiro Shindo, Daisuke Kobayashi, Toshihiro Sakakibara, Yasushi Murakami, Mitsuaki Yagi, Akinobu Matsuura, Kenta Sato, Kota Matsui, Ryo Emoto, Tetsuya Yagi, Hideo Saka, Shigeyuki Matsui, Yoshinori Hasegawa
Summary: The objective of this study was to assess the impact of unnecessary extended-spectrum therapy on the mortality of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) who are at low risk for drug-resistant pathogens (DRPs). The findings indicate that extended-spectrum therapy is associated with increased 30-day mortality compared to standard therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Simon Athlin, Anders Magnuson, Carl Spindler, Jonas Hedlund, Kristoffer Stralin, Pontus Naucler
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of pneumococcal urinary antigen test (UAT) on broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The results showed that overall, UAT did not reduce the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. However, non-severely ill patients with positive UAT results were less likely to receive broad-spectrum antibiotics and antibiotics with coverage for atypical bacteria.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
August Wrotek, Julita Robakiewicz, Katarzyna Pawlik, Patryk Rudzinski, Izabela Pilarska, Aleksandra Jaron, Aleksandra Imielowska, Malgorzata Jarzebowska, Katarzyna Zablocka, Teresa Jackowska
Summary: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has a significant impact on pediatric hospitalizations. The study analyzed the contribution of CAP to hospitalizations, its etiology in relation to age, and the role of inflammatory markers. It found that CAP accounted for a considerable proportion of hospitalizations and patient days, with viral pneumonia being more common than bacterial pneumonia. Serum inflammatory markers can assist in differentiating the causative factors.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alex R. Schuurman, Tom D. Y. Reijnders, Tjitske S. R. van Engelen, Valentine Leopold, Justin de Brabander, Christine van Linge, Michiel Schinkel, Liza Pereverzeva, Bastiaan W. Haak, Xanthe Brands, Maadrika M. N. P. Kanglie, Inge A. H. van den Berk, Renee A. Douma, Daniel R. Faber, Prabath W. B. Nanayakkara, Jaap Stoker, Jan M. Prins, Brendon P. Scicluna, W. Joost Wiersinga, Tom van der Poll
Summary: This study identifies shared and distinct pathophysiological mechanisms in different aetiologies of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), which may guide new pathogen-specific therapeutic strategies.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Faez Erees Abdul Raouf, Elhassan Benyagoub, Miaad K. Alkhudhairy, Sousan Akrami, Morteza Saki
Summary: This study aimed to detect the ESBL genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae among patients with community-acquired pneumonia in Al-Najaf City, Iraq. The results showed an ESBL production rate of 25.2% among K. pneumoniae isolates, with 46.3% of them carrying ESBL genes. Imipenem and norfloxacin were effective antibiotics against these isolates.
REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA
(2022)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Jan O. Friedrich, Elisa Gouvea Bogossian
Summary: In a trial evaluating the efficacy of hydrocortisone in treating community-acquired pneumonia, researchers found a nearly 50% lower 28-day mortality rate in the hydrocortisone group compared to the placebo group. They also observed a higher incidence of septic shock in the placebo group. The trial did not allow the use of open-label glucocorticoids, which may have contributed to the higher mortality rate in the placebo group.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Fuxing Li, Junqi Zhu, Yaping Hang, Yanhui Chen, Shumin Gu, Suqin Peng, Youling Fang, Longhua Hu, Jianqiu Xiong
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the variations in clinical features and prognosis of HABP caused by E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Among the HABP patients, a higher proportion of males, ICU admission, carbapenem-resistant strains, and other risk factors were observed in the K. pneumoniae group compared to the E. coli group. The 30-day mortality rate was also higher in the K. pneumoniae group. The findings suggest that the clinical features and prognosis of HABP vary depending on the causative bacteria.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Lindsay R. Grant, Elizabeth Begier, Christian Theilacker, Rachid Barry, Cassandra Hall-Murray, Qi Yan, Veneta Pope, Michael W. Pride, Luis Jodar, Bradford D. Gessner
Summary: Nonbacteremic community-acquired pneumonia is a major presentation of severe pneumococcal disease in adults. Urinary antigen detection can guide the use of higher valency pneumococcal conjugate vaccines by detecting the serotypes causing pneumococcal CAP.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Miltiades Kyprianou, Konstantina Dakou, Aftab Aktar, Hichem Aouina, Naser Behbehani, Keertan Dheda, Georges Juvelekian, Adel Khattab, Bassam Mahboub, George Nyale, Sayed Oraby, Abdullah Sayiner, Atef Shibl, Serhat Unal, Mohamed Awad Tag El Deen, Ali Bin Sarwar Zubairi, Ross Davidson, Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis
Summary: This meta-analysis demonstrates that the addition of macrolides to the treatment regimen for CAP can significantly reduce 30-day mortality and slightly increase the resolution rate of CAP. The study also found that Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most common pathogens in under-reported countries.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Cheng-wei Zhou, Meng-chu Zhu, Qing Zhang, Lian-min Bao, He-ping Lin, Zong-xiao Shangguan
Summary: This study investigated the CT imaging features and microbial phenotypes of primary severe community-acquired pneumonia caused by hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp). It found that primary severe community-acquired hvKp pneumonia is more common in men, especially those with a long-term history of alcohol consumption. CT scanning at the early disease stage mostly showed extensive pulmonary consolidation, which was prone to be combined with cavitation, necrosis, and pleural effusion. K1 and K2 serotypes were identified among the hvKp strains, which were not prone to form extrapulmonary metastasis via the bloodstream.
CLINICAL LABORATORY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yuancheng Chen, Xiaojie Wu, Chengyuan Tsai, Liwen Chang, Jicheng Yu, Guoying Cao, Beining Guo, Yaoguo Shi, Demei Zhu, Fupin Hu, Jinyi Yuan, Yang Liu, Xu Zhao, Yingyuan Zhang, Jufang Wu, Jing Zhang
Summary: Integrative PK/PD analysis supports the reliable clinical and microbiological efficacy of nemonoxacin 500 mg q24 h in treating community-acquired pneumonia caused by S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, and K. pneumoniae, regardless of patient sex, mild renal impairment, empty stomach or not. However, nemonoxacin 750 mg q24 h would provide better efficacy than 500 mg q24 h for CAP caused by H. parainfluenzae in terms of CFR.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Luis A. Ruiz, Leyre Serrano, Silvia Perez, Sonia Castro, Amaia Urrutia, Ane Uranga, Amaia Artaraz, Ainhoa Gomez, Pedro P. Espana, Rafael Zalacain
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of using a predefined cutoff value for lymphopenia as an early predictor of in-hospital mortality and other outcomes in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. The study found that lymphopenia could be used as a reproducible predictor of complicated clinical course in these patients.
Article
Respiratory System
Fei Fan, Jun Lv, Qianyuan Yang, Fei Jiang
Summary: This study compared the demographic and clinical characteristics, laboratory and imaging findings in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) and non-MPP (NMPP) children, as well as general MPP (GMPP) children and children with refractory MPP (RMPP). The results showed that children with MPP had longer fever duration and hospital stay, and a higher prevalence of pleural effusion, lung consolidation, and bronchopneumonia on imaging. The levels of inflammatory markers were significantly higher in the MPP group, and the clinical symptoms and pulmonary imaging findings were more severe in the RMPP group. IL-6, IL-10, LDH, PT, and D-dimer were identified as predictive indicators for RMPP.
CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Rima Shrestha, Courtney L. Luterbach, Weixiao Dai, Lauren Komarow, Michelle Earley, Gregory Weston, Erica Herc, Jesse T. Jacob, Robert Salata, Darren Wong, Deverick Anderson, Kirsten B. Rydell, Cesar A. Arias, Liang Chen, David van Duin
Summary: Community-acquired carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CA-CRE) pose a significant threat in hospitalized patients. This study identified specific genetic markers associated with CA-CRE and found that Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common CRE species.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Manal Suleiman, George Abu-Aqil, Uraib Sharaha, Klaris Riesenberg, Orli Sagi, Itshak Lapidot, Mahmoud Huleihel, Ahmad Salman
Summary: Rapid detection of ESBL+ bacteria is crucial for efficient treatment of bacterial infections. Results from the study demonstrate the possibility of accurately identifying ESBL+ Klebsiella pneumoniae within about 20 minutes, with approximately 89% accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.
Article
Infectious Diseases
M. Lauda-Maillen, A. Lemaignen, M. Catroux, G. Le Moal, G. Beraud, H. El Hajj, A. Michaud, C. Destrieux, L. Bernard, B. Rammaert, F. Cazenave-Roblot, M. Puyade
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Didier Bronnimann, Dea Garcia-Hermoso, Francoise Dromer, Fanny Lanternier
Summary: The study found that different species of Scedosporium fungi lead to distinct clinical presentations and outcomes. Infections caused by S. apiospermum were associated with malignancies and cutaneous involvement, while S. boydii infections were more related to solid organ transplantation, cerebral infections, fungemia, and early death. Additionally, infections caused by L. prolificans exhibited a different clinical pattern, with more neutropenic patients, breakthrough infections, fungemia, and disseminated infections.
Review
Immunology
Philippe Buchy, Jing Chen, Xu-Hao Zhang, Bernd Benninghoff, Christa Lee, Gyneth Lourdes Bibera
Summary: Rotavirus infection remains a significant cause of childhood diarrhea in Asia and the Pacific regions. While rotavirus vaccination programs have been successful in some countries, they are still lacking in most Asia-Pacific countries, leading to a high burden of RVGE in children under 5 years of age.
EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Debasish Saha, Martin O. C. Ota, Priya Pereira, Philippe Buchy, Selim Badur
Summary: This article reviews factors related to the human host, rotavirus pathogen, and environment that lead to diminished vaccine performance in resource-limited settings. Addressing limiting factors for vaccine efficacy is necessary but may take a long time. Increasing immunization coverage is an immediate solution to reduce the prevalence of rotavirus disease.
EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Gaetano Marrone, Nathalie Nicolay, Nick Bundle, Tommi Karki, Gianfranco Spiteri, Heleene Suija, Kerstin-Gertrud Karblane, Joel Mossong, Anne Vergison, Maria Avdicova, Adriana Mecochova, Gillian Cullen, Piaras O'Lorcain, Lucia Pastore Celentano, Tarik Derrough, Julien Beaute
Summary: Despite high vaccine coverage in the EU/EEA, reports of SARS-CoV-2 infections and hospitalizations in vaccinated individuals are increasing. Using surveillance data from several countries, it was found that increasing age is still the most important factor for severity, but vaccination significantly reduces the risk of hospitalization and death for all age groups.
Article
Immunology
Leong Hoe Nam, Cheng-Hsun Chiu, Jung Yeon Heo, Margaret Ip, Ki-Suck Jung, Robert Menzies, Rodney Pearce, Philippe Buchy, Jing Chen, Michael Nissen, Kyu-Bin Oh
Summary: Experts reviewed adult pertussis vaccination practices, disease burden, and high-risk groups in 6 Asian countries, recommending individual Tdap vaccination for those aged 65+, advocating for increased vaccine coverage and awareness.
EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
L. Ferland, C. Carvalho, J. Gomes Dias, F. Lamb, C. Adlhoch, C. Suetens, J. Beaute, P. Kinross, D. Plachouras, T. Hannila-Handelberg, M. Fabiani, F. Riccardo, A. B. Van Gageldonk-Lafeber, A. C. Teirlinck, J. Mossong, A. Vergison, J. Melillo, T. Melillo, P. Mook, R. Pebody, A. P. Coutinho Rehse, D. L. Monnet
Summary: This article compares the attack rates of COVID-19 in healthcare workers and non-healthcare workers in nine European countries. The findings show that healthcare workers have higher attack rates of infection, hospitalization, and ICU admission compared to non-healthcare workers, but a relatively lower death rate. The differences may be attributed to better access to treatment, early detection of infection, and the healthy worker effect.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Agathe Metais, Jose Miguel Torregrosa Diaz, Maria Pilar Gallego Hernanz, Maxime Pichon, Deborah Desmier, France Roblot, Blandine Rammaert
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of short versus prolonged antibiotic treatment for bloodstream infection (BSI) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. The findings suggest that short-term antibiotic treatment is as effective as prolonged treatment, with very few relapses within 30 days of discontinuation.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leah C. Katzelnick, Ana Coello Escoto, Angkana T. Huang, Bernardo Garcia-Carreras, Nayeem Chowdhury, Irina Maljkovic Berry, Chris Chavez, Philippe Buchy, Veasna Duong, Philippe Dussart, Gregory Gromowski, Louis Macareo, Butsaya Thaisomboonsuk, Stefan Fernandez, Derek J. Smith, Richard Jarman, Stephen S. Whitehead, Henrik Salje, Derek A. T. Cummings
Summary: Infection with dengue viruses leads to protective antibodies, but the viruses can also use heterotypic antibodies to infect immune cells, worsening the disease. The antigenic dynamics of DENV serotypes in Thailand evolved over a 20-year period, with periods of increased similarity between serotypes correlating with changes in epidemic magnitude.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jonathan E. Suk, Anastasia Pharris, Julien Beaute, Edoardo Colzani, Howard Needham, John Kinsman, Rene Niehus, Rok Grah, Ajibola Omokanye, Diamantis Plachouras, Agoritsa Baka, Bastian Prasse, Frank Sandmann, Ettore Severi, Erik Alm, Emma Wiltshire, Bruno Ciancio
Summary: During the transition from the acute pandemic phase, countries need to focus on clear COVID-19 control objectives, particularly targeting vulnerable groups and strengthening existing surveillance systems. Lessons learned from the pandemic should enhance preparedness for new SARS-CoV-2 variants, while addressing knowledge gaps to guide future responses. 'Vaccine agility' is crucial to adapt to changes in behaviors, the virus, and population immunity, with a focus on global health equity.
Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
Julien Beaute, Piotr Kramarz
Article
Oncology
Sebastien Petit, Mathieu Puyade, Maxime Pichon, Marc Wangermez, Stephane Velasco, France Roblot, Nicolas Isambert, Camille Evrard, Blandine Rammaert
Summary: The study aimed to assess the risk factors for biliary stent infection (BI) after stenting procedure and its impact on patient survival. The results showed that transpapillary stenting and a higher WHO score were significant risk factors for BI occurrence.
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Maria N. Gamaletsou, Blandine Rammaert, Barry Brause, Marimelle A. Bueno, Sanjeet S. Dadwal, Michael W. Henry, Aspasia Katragkou, Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis, Matthew W. McCarthy, Andy O. Miller, Brad Moriyama, Zoi Dorothea Pana, Ruta Petraitiene, Vidmantas Petraitis, Emmanuel Roilides, Jean-Pierre Sarkis, Maria Simitsopoulou, Nikolaos V. Sipsas, Saad J. Taj-Aldeen, Valerie Zeller, Olivier Lortholary, Thomas J. Walsh, Int Consortium Osteoarticular Mycoses
Summary: Osteoarticular mycoses are chronic debilitating infections that require extended courses of antifungal therapy and may warrant expert surgical intervention. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the etiologies, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, treatments, and outcomes of these infections. Candida osteomyelitis and Candida arthritis are associated with greater events of hematogenous dissemination than other osteoarticular mycoses, while traumatic inoculation is more commonly linked with Aspergillus and non-Aspergillus molds.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Damien Blez, Didier Bronnimann, Blandine Rammaert, Valerie Zeller, Laurence Delhaes, Laurent Hustache, Frederic Grenouillet, Nicolas Traversier, Julie Bonhomme, Taieb Chouaki, Thomas Perpoint, Florence Persat, Marie Elisabeth Bougnoux, Sophie Bayle, Luc Quaesaet, Gilles Nevez, David Boutoille, Florent Morio, Laurence Pougnet, Viviane Queyrel-Moranne, Beate Heym, Romain Guillemain, Eric Dannaoui, Antoine Roux, Dea Garcia-Hermoso, Fanny Lanternier
Summary: This study describes 15 cases of localized osteoarticular Scedosporiosis (LOS) from the nationwide French Scedosporiosis Observational Study. LOS mainly presents as arthritis, osteitis, and thoracic wall infection, with non-specific clinical manifestations. The analysis shows that these patients have a good prognosis, as long as they receive a prolonged course of antifungal therapy and adequate surgical management.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Romain Volle, Lingjie Luo, Richter Razafindratsimandresy, Serge Alain Sadeuh-Mba, Ionela Gouandjika-Valisache, Paul Horwood, Veasna Duong, Philippe Buchy, Marie-Line Joffret, Zhong Huang, Erwin Duizer, Javier Martin, Lisa A. Chakrabarti, Philippe Dussart, Nolwenn Jouvenet, Francis Delpeyroux, Mael Bessaud
Summary: Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) strains belonging to different genogroups exhibit similar antigenicity and can cross-neutralize each other.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
(2023)