Article
Immunology
Pierre Cappy, Quentin Lucas, Nakourogou Kankarafou, Camille Sureau, Syria Laperche
Summary: Following a study demonstrating the role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in transmitting hepatitis D virus (HDV) in a liver-humanized mouse model, a large cohort of HCV-positive blood donors were screened for HDV markers. However, no evidence of HCV-assisted propagation of HDV in humans was found.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Roberta D'Ambrosio, Giuliano Rizzardini, Massimo Puoti, Stefano Fagiuoli, Maria Paola Anolli, Claudia Gabiati, Federico D'Amico, Luisa Pasulo, Umberto Restelli, Massimo Colombo, Pietro Lampertico
Summary: This study found that a POC-based anti-HCV screening program is feasible in young adults undergoing COVID-19 vaccination. The prevalence of HCV infection in the 1969-1989 cohort in Italy seems to be lower than previously estimated. Further discussion is needed on whether extending this screening program to individuals born before 1969 could improve screening effectiveness.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Virology
Xizi Deng, Zhiwei Liang, Weiping Cai, Feng Li, Junbin Li, Fengyu Hu, Yun Lan
Summary: This study revealed the diversity and distribution of HCV subgenotypes among HIV/HCV-coinfected patients in Guangdong, China. Marital status was found to potentially influence the formation of HCV transmission networks.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Xiu-Cheng Yang, Zhang-Ping Hong, Yi Wang, Nan Meng, Yong Hu, Qian-Yu Xiong, Da-Wen Qin, Du Shen, Xing-Lin Yang
Summary: This study investigated the molecular epidemiology and evolutionary dynamics of HCV among HIV/HCV co-infected individuals in Guizhou Province, China. The major HCV subtypes in this region were identified as 1b, 3a, 3b, and 6a, with 6a being the most dominant subtype. Phylogeographic analysis revealed that 6a originated from Yunnan and Guangxi provinces, while 3b emerged from the IDU network in Yunnan. Subtype 6a has shown a rapid population growth in Guizhou since 2004, with a slower growth rate in recent years.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Roberta DAmbrosio, Sara Piccinelli, Benedetta Beccalli, Angiola Spinetti, Massimo Puoti, Stefano Fagiuoli, Carlo Federico Magni, Andrea Vavassori, Paolo Sacchi, Silvana Castaldi, Giulia Bombardieri, Claudio Farina, Sabrina Buoro, Alessandro Amorosi, Matteo Corradin, Danilo Cereda, Pietro Lampertico
Summary: The study conducted an HCV screening in the healthcare-seeking population in Lombardy, Italy, and found a low prevalence of active HCV infection. Most infected individuals were Italian-born and had mild liver disease but high HCV-RNA levels. Expanding opportunistic screening programs to younger birth cohorts may be warranted, considering the higher prevalence in the elderly.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Virology
Samaa T. Gobran, Amelie Pagliuzza, Omar Khedr, Augustine Fert, Nicolas Chomont, Julie Bruneau, Marina B. Klein, Petronela Ancuta, Naglaa H. Shoukry
Summary: This study investigated the impact of direct acting antivirals (DAA)-mediated hepatitis C virus (HCV) cure on the size and transcriptional activity of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reservoirs. The results showed that DAA treatment significantly reduced the size of the HIV reservoirs, particularly in individuals infected with HCV before HIV. These findings support the need for early antiretroviral therapy (ART) and DAA treatment in HIV/HCV coinfections.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Vigneswaran Narayanamurthy, Z. E. Jeroish, K. S. Bhuvaneshwari, Fahmi Samsuri
Summary: Proper diagnosis is essential in avoiding disease consequences, especially for severe issues like hepatitis C virus (HCV) that can cause significant damage to the liver. Developing strategies for appropriate selection of POCT for HCV detection, initiating proper antiviral therapy, and defining associated risks is critical for achieving optimal outcomes. Alternative strategies are needed to enhance HCV diagnosis, with molecular assays being precise but requiring additional approaches for infected populations to improve detection.
ANALYTICAL METHODS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Vanessa Koo, Feng Tian, William W. L. Wong
Summary: HCV point-of-care testing is cost-effective for injection drug users, as it can prolong individuals' lifespan and save healthcare costs associated with HCV-related complications.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Muhammad Salman, Hongyao Lin, Roypim Suntisukwattana, Parin Watcharavongtip, Patumporn Jermsutjarit, Angkana Tantituvanont, Dachrit Nilubol
Summary: This study confirmed the hematogenous transmission of ASFV between pigs through needle-sharing. High levels of virus exposure may lead to more severe clinical disease.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Muhammad Salman, Hongyao Lin, Roypim Suntisukwattana, Parin Watcharavongtip, Patumporn Jermsutjarit, Angkana Tantituvanont, Dachrit Nilubol
Summary: This study confirms the hematogenous transmission of African Swine Fever virus between pigs through needle-sharing.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Muhammad Salman, Hongyao Lin, Roypim Suntisukwattana, Parin Watcharavongtip, Patumporn Jermsutjarit, Angkana Tantituvanont, Dachrit Nilubol
Summary: This study confirmed the hematogenous transmission of African Swine Fever virus (ASFV) between pigs through needle-sharing. The transmission rate was positively correlated with virus titer in blood circulation of seeder pigs. Sentinels injected with needles from high titer challenged seeder pigs displayed more severe and acute clinical disease.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dorota Zarebska-Michaluk, Jerzy Jaroszewicz, Anna Parfieniuk-Kowerda, Malgorzata Pawlowska, Ewa Janczewska, Hanna Berak, Justyna Janocha-Litwin, Jakub Klapaczynski, Krzysztof Tomasiewicz, Anna Piekarska, Rafal Krygier, Jolanta Citko, Olga Tronina, Krystyna Dobrowolska, Robert Flisiak
Summary: The introduction of direct-acting antivirals (DAA) has greatly improved the effectiveness of therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis C. This study compared the efficacy of pangenotypic and genotype-specific DAA in GT4 patients with HCV monoinfection and HIV coinfection. The results showed that DAA therapy demonstrated high efficacy and good safety profile in GT4-infected patients with HIV coinfection, supporting the use of the same treatment options for HCV/HIV coinfected patients as those with HCV monoinfection.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Shuisen Zheng, Huale Zhang, Rongxing Chen, Jianying Yan, Qing Han
Summary: HBV infection is an independent risk factor for early preterm birth, and the risk does not seem to be influenced by the levels of HBV DNA.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ying-Chou Huang, Chung-Feng Huang, Shu-Fen Liu, Hung-Yin Liu, Ming-Lun Yeh, Ching- Huang, Meng-Hsuan Hsieh, Chia-Yen Dai, Shinn-Chern Chen, Ming-Lung Yu, Wan-Long Chuang, Jee-Fu Huang
Summary: The study evaluated the performance of the Abbott RealTime HCV GT Plus RUO assay in hepatitis C virus genotyping, showing that the assay performed well in detecting genotype 1 and indeterminate subtypes.
Article
Immunology
Tatum Sevenoaks, Catherine J. Wedderburn, Kirsten A. Donald, Whitney Barnett, Heather J. Zar, Dan J. Stein, Petrus J. W. Naude
Summary: This study found that maternal HIV infection is associated with immune dysregulation in mothers and their children through two years of age, as well as inflammatory markers in HEU infants at 6-10 weeks being associated with poorer motor function at two years of age.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Tushaba Ohurira, Hari S. Iyer, Jennifer A. Wagman, Judith A. Hahn, Francis Bajunirwe
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether proximity to alcohol selling points and intensity of alcohol consumption are associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) in rural southwest Uganda. The study found that women living close to alcohol selling points were more likely to experience IPV compared to men. Additionally, there was a dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption and IPV.
JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Elise D. Riley, Leah Warner, Judith A. Hahn, Carl Braun, Samantha Dilworth, Barry Zevin, Torsten B. Neilands, Sheri D. Weiser
Summary: The study found that alcohol and cannabis use increased among extremely disadvantaged individuals during the first 10 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. These individuals faced challenges in managing chronic medical conditions and coping with substance use, which were exacerbated by the pandemic. Therefore, a comprehensive approach to managing the health of particularly vulnerable individuals is crucial during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JOURNAL OF ADDICTION MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Charles D. H. Parry, Bronwyn Myers, Mukhethwa Londani, Paul A. Shuper, Charl Janse van Rensburg, Samuel O. M. Manda, Sebenzile Nkosi, Connie T. Kekwaletswe, Judith A. Hahn, Jurgen Rehm, Katherine Sorsdahl, Neo K. Morojele
Summary: This study tested the efficacy of a brief intervention for reducing alcohol consumption among patients on HIV antiretroviral therapy. The results showed that a motivational interviewing/problem-solving therapy intervention significantly reduced drinking levels in HIV-infected patients. The intervention was found to be effective in reducing alcohol consumption.
Article
Substance Abuse
Nicolas Bertholet, Richard Saitz, Judith A. Hahn, Timothy C. Heeren, Nneka I. Emenyonu, Matthew Freiberg, Michael R. Winter, Theresa W. Kim, Kara Magane, Christine Lloyd-Travaglini, Robin Fatch, Kendall Bryant, Leah S. Forman, Lindsey Rateau, Elena Blokhina, Winnie R. Muyindike, Natalia Gnatienko, Jeffrey H. Samet
Summary: This study assessed the association between alcohol use disorder (AUD) severity and HIV viral suppression and CD4 count. The results showed no association between AUD severity and HIV viral suppression or CD4 count in three cohorts.
ALCOHOL-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Madison K. Firkey, Lyric K. Tully, Veronica M. Bucci, McKenna E. Walsh, Stephen A. Maisto, Judith A. Hahn, Kestutis G. Bendinskas, Brooks B. Gump, Sarah E. Woolf-King
Summary: This study assessed the feasibility of remote self-collection of dried blood spots, hair, and nails for the objective assessment of alcohol use, antiretroviral therapy adherence, and stress in people with HIV. The results showed that remote collection of DBS and nails was successful, but hair collection was not feasible.
ALCOHOL-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sheila V. Patel, Lynn D. Wenger, Alex H. Kral, Kenneth Sherr, Anjuli D. Wagner, Peter J. Davidson, Barrot H. Lambdin
Summary: The study tested a multi-component implementation strategy, SAIA-Naloxone, to improve naloxone distribution in syringe service programs. The results showed that SAIA-Naloxone was associated with significant increases in the number of people receiving naloxone and the number of naloxone doses distributed per week, highlighting its potential for improving naloxone distribution.
BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Joshua A. Barocas, Samantha K. Nall, Sarah Axelrath, Courtney Pladsen, Alaina Boyer, Alex H. Kral, Ashley A. Meehan, Alexandra Savinkina, David Peery, Michael Bien, Christine Agnew-Brune, Jesse Goldshear, Joey Chiang, Benjamin P. Linas, Gregg Gonsalves, Ricky N. Bluthenthal, Emily Mosites, NHBS Study Grp
Summary: At least 500,000 people in the US are homeless every night, and over 30% of them also have substance use disorders. Involuntary displacement is a common response to unsheltered homelessness. It is important to understand the health implications of displacement, especially regarding substance use disorder outcomes.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Bradley Ray, Nicholas J. Richardson, Peyton R. Attaway, Hope M. Smiley-McDonald, Pete Davidson, Alex H. Kral
Summary: Law enforcement agencies in the US have provided naloxone to officers and developed initiatives to follow-up after a non-fatal overdose. However, the prevalence and characteristics of these efforts have yet to be documented in research literature.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Christopher F. Akiba, Sheila V. Patel, Lynn D. Wenger, Antonio Morgan-Lopez, Gary A. Zarkin, Stephen Orme, Peter J. Davidson, Alex H. Kral, Barrot H. Lambdin
Summary: This study aims to test a method called SAIA-Naloxone, which helps syringe service programs improve the distribution of naloxone, particularly among Black, Indigenous, and people of color. If successful, this method will address the multifaceted barriers to equitable naloxone distribution.
IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paul J. J. McLaren, Immacolata Porreca, Gennaro Iaconis, Hoi Ping Mok, Subhankar Mukhopadhyay, Emre Karakoc, Sara Cristinelli, Cristina Pomilla, Istvan Bartha, Christian W. W. Thorball, Riley H. H. Tough, Paolo Angelino, Cher S. S. Kiar, Tommy Carstensen, Segun Fatumo, Tarryn Porter, Isobel Jarvis, William C. C. Skarnes, Andrew Bassett, Marianne K. K. DeGorter, Mohana Prasad Sathya Moorthy, Jeffrey F. F. Tuff, Eun-Young Kim, Miriam Walter, Lacy M. M. Simons, Arman Bashirova, Susan Buchbinder, Mary Carrington, Andrea Cossarizza, Andrea De Luca, James J. J. Goedert, David B. B. Goldstein, David W. W. Haas, Joshua T. T. Herbeck, Eric O. O. Johnson, Pontiano Kaleebu, William Kilembe, Gregory D. D. Kirk, Neeltje A. A. Kootstra, Alex H. H. Kral, Olivier Lambotte, Ma Luo, Simon Mallal, Javier Martinez-Picado, Laurence Meyer, Jose M. Miro, Pravi Moodley, Ayesha A. A. Motala, James I. I. Mullins, Kireem Nam, Niels Obel, Fraser Pirie, Francis A. A. Plummer, Guido Poli, Matthew A. A. Price, Andri Rauch, Ioannis Theodorou, Alexandra Trkola, Bruce D. D. Walker, Cheryl A. A. Winkler, Jean-Francois Zagury, Stephen B. B. Montgomery, Angela Ciuffi, Judd F. F. Hultquist, Steven M. M. Wolinsky, Gordon Dougan, Andrew M. L. Lever, Deepti Gurdasani, Harriet Groom, Manjinder S. S. Sandhu, Jacques Fellay
Summary: This study identified a previously undescribed association signal on chromosome 1 that is specific to African populations and is associated with lower set-point viral load in individuals living with HIV-1. Experimental studies showed that the gene CHD1L, which is involved in DNA repair, may play a role in limiting HIV-1 replication.
Article
Substance Abuse
Hope M. Smiley-McDonald, Peyton R. Attaway, Lynn D. Wenger, Kathryn Greenwell, Barrot H. Lambdin, Alex H. Kral
Summary: This study examined the perceived impacts of BM 110 on law enforcement and Oregon communities. Law enforcement interviewees viewed BM 110 as a failure and expressed frustration over the erosion of their authority. The findings have important implications for the implementation of drug policy alternatives and the provision of treatment and support services.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Substance Abuse
Barrot H. Lambdin, Ricky N. Bluthenthal, Jamie L. Humphrey, Paul LaKosky, Stephanie Prohaska, Alex H. Kral
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Amelia D. Stanton, Benjamin Hornstein, Nicholas Musinguzi, Brett Dolotina, Catherine Orrell, Gideon Amanyire, Stephen Asiimwe, Anna Cross, Christina Psaros, David A. Bangsberg, Judith E. Hahn, Jessica T. Haberer, Lynn Matthews
Summary: Identifying factors associated with changes in alcohol use during pregnancy is crucial for developing interventions for individuals with HIV. Pregnant individuals with HIV in Uganda and South Africa who started antiretroviral therapy participated in two assessments, 6 months apart. Categories were derived based on AUDIT-C scores, and factors associated with these categories were analyzed. The study found that most participants had no alcohol use, and cohabitation with a partner was associated with a lower risk of continued alcohol use. Additionally, there were significant associations between food insecurity and increased risk of new alcohol use, as well as between stigma and reduced likelihood of quitting. Interventions addressing partnership, food security, and stigma could be beneficial for pregnant and postpartum individuals with HIV.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF PROVIDERS OF AIDS CARE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Gabriel Chamie, Judith A. Hahn, Allen Kekibiina, Nneka Emenyonu, Brian Beesiga, Kara Marson, Robin Fatch, Sara Lodi, Julian Adong, Harsha Thirumurthy, Michael G. McDonell, Monica Gandhi, Kendall Bryant, Diane Havlir, Moses R. Kamya, Winnie R. Muyindike
Summary: A randomized controlled trial conducted in Uganda showed that escalating financial incentives based on recent negative alcohol biomarker testing led to significantly lower alcohol use, while incentives for recent isoniazid adherence did not change adherence.
LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Hannah R. Tierney, Yifei Ma, Peter Bacchetti, Adaora A. Adimora, Aruna Chandran, Mirjam-Colette Kempf, Lauren F. Collins, Jack Dehovitz, Ralph J. Diclemente, Audrey L. French, Deborah L. Jones, Anjali Sharma, Amanda B. Spence, Judith A. Hahn, Jennifer C. Price, Phyllis C. Tien
Summary: Many studies have shifted from in-person assessments to phone-based surveys due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study found that pivoting from in-person to phone-administered alcohol and substance use surveys may lead to underrepresentation of key subpopulations of women in substance use and HIV research.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE
(2023)