Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Marzieh Mohammadi, Anne-Marie Bergh, Mohammad Heidarzadeh, Mahammadbagher Hosseini, Niloufar Sattarzadeh Jahdi, Leila Valizadeh, Behzad Sarvaran, Sevil Hakimi
Summary: Continuous kangaroo mother care (C-KMC) has been confirmed to be effective in reducing neonatal mortality and morbidity among low birthweight and premature infants, but faces implementation challenges. Designing and implementing a C-KMC program using a stages-of-change model can improve the quality of neonatal care.
INTERNATIONAL BREASTFEEDING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Helen Brotherton, Abdou Gai, Bunja Kebbeh, Yusupha Njie, Georgia Walker, Abdul K. Muhammad, Saffiatou Darboe, Mamadou Jallow, Buntung Ceesay, Ahmadou Lamin Samateh, Cally J. Tann, Simon Cousens, Anna Roca, Joy E. Lawn
Summary: This study conducted in The Gambia aimed to investigate the impact of early kangaroo mother care on the survival of neonates weighing less than 2000g. The findings showed that there was no significant difference in the mortality rate within 28 days among neonates receiving the intervention compared to those receiving standard care. There were also no notable differences in secondary outcomes and serious adverse events between the two groups.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nobutu Muttau, Martha Mwendafilumba, Branishka Lewis, Keilya Kasprzyk, Colm Travers, J. Anitha Menon, Kunda Mutesu-Kapembwa, Aaron Mangangu, Herbert Kapesa, Albert Manasyan
Summary: KMC is a feasible intervention that can improve neonatal outcomes among preterm infants in Zambia. The study findings show a promising, practical approach to scaling up KMC in Zambia.
Article
Pediatrics
Ying Chun Cho, Abdou Gai, Brahima A. Diallo, Ahmadou Lamin Samateh, Joy E. Lawn, Melisa Martinez-Alvarez, Helen Brotherton
Summary: This study aimed to understand the barriers and enablers for early Kangaroo mother care (KMC) prior to stability from the perspectives of neonatal health care workers (HCW) in a high neonatal mortality resource limited setting. The barriers included unavailability of mothers during early neonatal unit admission, safety concerns, insufficient resources, and lack of privacy and respectful care. The enablers included education of HCW, sensitization of fathers and the community, and peer-to-peer support.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
A. N. M. Ehtesham Kabir, Sharmin Afroze, Zubair Amin, Agnihotri Biswas, Sabina Ashrafee Lipi, Mahbuba Khan, Khaleda Islam, Shamsul Haque, M. A. K. Azad Choudhury, Mohammod Shahidullah
Summary: The national kangaroo mother care programme in Bangladesh has shown positive outcomes from 2016 to 2020, with an increase in facilities and decent coverage. Mortality of babies receiving kangaroo mother care has been decreasing, but post-discharge follow-up remains low.
BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Raymond Nowak, Frederic Levy, Elodie Chaillou, Fabien Cornilleau, Juliette Cognie, Pierre-Guy Marnet, Peter D. Williams, Matthieu Keller
Summary: The study found that both delayed access to the mother's udder and administration of an OT receptor antagonist altered the onset of mother preference in newborn lambs. This suggests that central OT facilitates the development of filial attachment through its release during suckling.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Wen Wang, Yinghang Wang, Hanxiyue Zhang, Ge Yang, Yun Lin, Chenran Wang, Xiaona Huang, Xiaobo Tian, Angela Y. Y. Xiao, Tao Xu, Kun Tang
Summary: This qualitative study analysed the facilitators and barriers to implementing Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) in resource-limited areas of China. Through interviews, it was found that government officials and medical staff acceptance and the incorporation of KMC into routine clinical care were facilitators, while lack of dedicated funding and other resources, limited scope of health insurance and KMC cost-sharing mechanism, providers' knowledge and practical abilities, low parental awareness, postpartum discomfort, fathers' inadequate involvement, and impact from COVID-19 were identified as barriers.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Libby G. Lord, Jane E. Harding, Caroline A. Crowther, Luling Lin
Summary: Skin-to-skin contact may lead to a significant reduction in the incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia. This finding, along with other established benefits, supports the use of skin-to-skin contact for all infants, particularly those at risk of hypoglycemia.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Nahya Salim, Josephine Shabani, Kimberly Peven, Qazi Sadeq-ur Rahman, Ashish Kc, Donat Shamba, Harriet Ruysen, Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman, Naresh Kc, Namala Mkopi, Sojib Bin Zaman, Kizito Shirima, Shafiqul Ameen, Stefanie Kong, Omkar Basnet, Karim Manji, Theopista John Kabuteni, Helen Brotherton, Sarah G. Moxon, Agbessi Amouzou, Tedbabe Degefie Hailegebriel, Louise T. Day, Joy E. Lawn
Summary: This study evaluated the measurement of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) in five hospitals in Bangladesh, Nepal, and Tanzania, comparing different data sources to identify gaps in coverage and quality of KMC. The results showed that routine hospital KMC register data have the potential to track coverage, and further research on KMC measurement is important for accelerating the scale-up of high impact care for vulnerable newborns.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Xiang Huang, Meiling Chen, Rongrong Fu, Wei He, Yujing He, Haojie Shentu, Suping Zhu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of kangaroo-mother care (KMC) combined with neonatal phototherapy (NNPT) in treating neonates with non-pathological jaundice. The meta-analysis included five studies and the results showed that the group receiving KMC combined with NNPT had lower serum bilirubin levels at 72 hours, shorter duration of phototherapy, and shorter duration of hospitalization compared to the NNPT group. The peak bilirubin levels did not differ between the two groups of neonates.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Nursing
Luana Claudia dos Passos Aires, Maria Itayra Padilha, Evangelia Kotzias Atherino dos Santos, Zeni Carvalho Lamy, Maria Ligia dos Reis Bellaguarda, Isadora Ferrante Boscoli de Oliveira Alves, Rosiane da Rosa, Roberta Costa
Summary: This study analyzes the power relations and knowledge among health teams in the implementation and dissemination of Kangaroo Mother Care in Santa Catarina. The relationships among team members strengthen the care actions, but the hegemonic medical discourse represses other professional categories. Professionals negotiate changes in care practice by moving between power and knowledge.
REVISTA DA ESCOLA DE ENFERMAGEM DA USP
(2022)
Article
Nursing
Qiuxia Dong, Mary Steen, Dianne Wepa, Amye Eden
Summary: Father-infant Kangaroo Care has positive effects on the emotional connection and attachment between fathers and infants in the NICU, although it also presents challenges. Further research and modifications to policies and facilities are needed to integrate father-infant Kangaroo Care into neonatal care, which is clinically significant.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING
(2022)
Review
Pediatrics
Leticia M. Narciso, Ludmylla O. Beleza, Aline M. Imoto
Summary: This study evaluates the effectiveness of kangaroo mother care (KMC) in reducing the length of hospital stay for preterm and/or low birth weight infants. The results indicate that KMC is a safe and low-cost intervention that has been shown to be effective in reducing the length of hospital stay, especially for infants who undergo the intervention for less than six hours daily.
JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Patricia de Padua Andrade Campanha, Maria Clara de Magalhaes-Barbosa, Gustavo Rodrigues-Santos, Arnaldo Prata-Barbosa, Antonio Jose Ledo Alves da Cunha
Summary: Through a retrospective cohort study, maternal and neonatal characteristics were found to be associated with adherence status to the in-hospital stages of the Kangaroo-Mother Care Method (KMC). Higher participation rates were observed in two stages, while mothers who did not participate in any stage had lower education levels, a higher frequency of adverse conditions, and a higher proportion of single mothers. Mothers who only participated in the first stage had more premature and sick infants. The study identified several conditions associated with adherence to the two stages, such as higher education level, presence of a partner, absence of adverse conditions, and no neonatal resuscitation.
JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Claire Gooding, Tina Lavin, Elise van Rooyen, Anne-Marie Bergh, David B. Preen
Summary: The study found that most mothers practicing continuous kangaroo mother care were ready for discharge. Women categorized as 'less ready' scored lower overall and within all questionnaire categories compared to those who were ready for discharge.
Article
Immunology
Josue Togo, Almoustapha Issiaka Maiga, Mariam Sylla, Bourahima Kone, Oumar Dolo, Fatoumata Tata Traore, Samba Adama Sangare, Mamoudou Maiga, Souleymane Diallo, Robert Murphy, Vincent Calvez, Anne-Genevieve Marcelin
AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
(2019)
Article
Immunology
Julie Jesson, Michael Schomaker, Karen Malasteste, Dewi K. Wati, Azar Kariminia, Mariam Sylla, Kouakou Kouadio, Shobna Sawry, Mwangelwa Mubiana-Mbewe, Samuel Ayaya, Rachel Vreeman, Catherine C. McGowan, Marcel Yotebieng, Valeriane Leroy, Mary-Ann Davies
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY
(2019)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Josephine Brice, Mariam Sylla, Nathalie Desire, Sophie Sayon, Fatoumata Telly, Djeneba Bocar-Fofana, Robert Murphy, Gilles Peytavin, Souleymane Diallo, Eleni Nastouli, Vincent Calvez, Anne-Genevieve Marcelin, Almoustapha Issiaka Maiga, Sidonie Lambert-Niclot
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Aminata Diack, Caroline Yonaba, Aba Coulibaly, Sylvie Ouedraogo, Ida Penda, Helene Bukuru, Madeleine Folquet, Francois Tanoh Eboua, Mariam Sylla, Stephane Blanche, Mathurin Tejiokem
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2020)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Esin Nkereuwem, Toyin Togun, Marie P. Gomez, Rita Szekely, Aurelien Mace, Dawda Jobe, Samuel G. Schumacher, Beate Kampmann, Claudia M. Denkinger
Summary: In this study, the urine-based lipoarabinomannan assays FujiLAM showed higher sensitivity compared to AlereLAM, while AlereLAM demonstrated slightly higher specificity. This method has the potential to aid in the rapid diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cedric Dananche, Glaucia Paranhos-Baccala, Melina Messaoudi, Mariam Sylla, Shally Awasthi, Ashish Bavdekar, Jean-William Pape, Vanessa Rouzier, Jianwei Wang, Sonali Sanghavi, Souleymane Diallo, Monidarin Chou, Tekchheng Eap, Mala Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Hubert Endtz, Lili Ren, Budragchaagiin Dash-Yandag, Rosa Guillen, Pagbajabyn Nymadawa, Graciela Russomando, Florence Komurian-Pradel, Philippe Vanhems, Valentina Sanchez Picot
Summary: This study investigates the role of microbial coinfection in pneumonia in children. It found that the coinfection of Streptococcus pneumoniae and certain viruses is significantly associated with pneumonia, suggesting their potential role in the pathophysiology of childhood pneumonia.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chris A. Rees, Shubhada Hooli, Carina King, Eric D. McCollum, Tim Colbourn, Norman Lufesi, Charles Mwansambo, Marzia Lazzerini, Shabir Ahmed Madhi, Clare Cutland, Marta Nunes, Bradford D. Gessner, Sudha Basnet, Cissy B. Kartasasmita, Joseph L. Mathew, Syed Mohammad Akram Uz Zaman, Glaucia Paranhos-Baccala, Shinjini Bhatnagar, Nitya Wadhwa, Rakesh Lodha, Satinder Aneja, Mathuram Santosham, Valentina S. Picot, Mariam Sylla, Shally Awasthi, Ashish Bavdekar, Jean-William Pape, Vanessa Rouzier, Monidarin Chou, Mala Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Jianwei Wang, Pagbajabyn Nymadawa, Philippe Vanhems, Graciela Russomando, Rai Asghar, Salem Banajeh, Imran Iqbal, William MacLeod, Irene Maulen-Radovan, Greta Mino, Samir Saha, Sunit Singhi, Donald M. Thea, Alexey W. Clara, Harry Campbell, Harish Nair, Jennifer Falconer, Linda J. Williams, Margaret Horne, Tor Strand, Shamim A. Qazi, Yasir B. Nisar, Mark I. Neuman
Summary: The study aimed to externally validate three existing risk scores for identifying children at risk of hospitalized pneumonia-related mortality. Results showed that these scores had varying levels of discriminatory ability when applied to different age groups, indicating the need for a more generalizable risk assessment tool with higher sensitivity and specificity.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Julie Jesson, Siobhan Crichton, Matteo Quartagno, Marcel Yotebieng, Elaine J. Abrams, Kulkanya Chokephaibulkit, Sophie Le Coeur, Marie-Helene Ake-Assi, Kunjal Patel, Jorge Pinto, Mary Paul, Rachel Vreeman, Mary-Ann Davies, Jihane Ben-Farhat, Russell Van Dyke, Ali Judd, Lynne Mofenson, Marissa Vicari, George Seage, Linda-Gail Bekker, Shaffiq Essajee, Diana Gibb, Martina Penazzato, Intira Jeannie Collins, Kara Wools-Kaloustian, Amy Slogrove, Kate Powis, Paige Williams, Mogomotsi Matshaba, Lineo Thahane, Phoebe Nyasulu, Bhekumusa Lukhele, Lumumba Mwita, Adeodata Kekitiinwa-Rukyalekere, Sebastian Wanless, Tessa Goetghebuer, Claire Thorne, Josiane Warszawski, Luisa Galli, Annemarie M. C. van Rossum, Carlo Giaquinto, Magdalena Marczynska, Laura Marques, Filipa Prata, Luminita Ene, Lyuba Okhonskaya, Marisa Navarro, Antoinette Frick, Lars Naver, Christian Kahlert, Alla Volokha, Elizabeth Chappell, Jean William Pape, Vanessa Rouzier, Adias Marcelin, Regina Succi, Annette H. Sohn, Azar Kariminia, Andrew Edmonds, Patricia Lelo, Rita Lyamuya, Edith Apondi Ogalo, Francesca Akoth Odhiambo, Andreas D. Haas, Carolyn Bolton, Josephine Muhairwe, Hannock Tweya, Mariam Sylla, Marceline D'Almeida, Lorna Renner, Mark J. Abzug, James Oleske, Murli Purswani, Chloe Teasdale, Harriet Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, Ruth Goodall, Valeriane Leroy
Summary: Adolescents living with HIV face various co-morbidities, including growth retardation and immunodeficiency. This study analyzed data from CIPHER global project and found that growth patterns differed by sex and region, while CD4 patterns were similar. Early diagnosis and timely treatment are crucial for improving growth and CD4 outcomes in adolescents with HIV.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chris A. Rees, Tim Colbourn, Shubhada Hooli, Carina King, Norman Lufesi, Eric D. McCollum, Charles Mwansambo, Clare Cutland, Shabir Ahmed Madhi, Marta Nunes, Joseph L. Matthew, Emmanuel Addo-Yobo, Noel Chisaka, Mumtaz Hassan, Patricia L. Hibberd, Prakash M. Jeena, Juan M. Lozano, William B. MacLeod, Archana Patel, Donald M. Thea, Ngoc Tuong Vy Nguyen, Cissy B. Kartasasmita, Marilla Lucero, Shally Awasthi, Ashish Bavdekar, Monidarin Chou, Pagbajabyn Nymadawa, Jean-William Pape, Glaucia Paranhos-Baccala, Valentina S. Picot, Mala Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Vanessa Rouzier, Graciela Russomando, Mariam Sylla, Philippe Vanhems, Jianwei Wang, Rai Asghar, Salem Banajeh, Imran Iqbal, Irene Maulen-Radovan, Greta Mino-Leon, Samir K. Saha, Mathuram Santosham, Sunit Singhi, Sudha Basnet, Tor A. Strand, Shinjini Bhatnagar, Nitya Wadhwa, Rakesh Lodha, Satinder Aneja, Alexey W. Clara, Harry Campbell, Harish Nair, Jennifer Falconer, Shamim A. Qazi, Yasir B. Nisar, Mark Neuman
Summary: This study aimed to develop and validate a new risk assessment tool to identify children aged 2-59 months at risk of hospitalised pneumonia-related mortality. The PREPARE risk assessment tool, derived from patient-level data from 11 studies, showed good discriminatory ability in identifying children at risk of hospitalised pneumonia-related mortality.
Article
Immunology
Tom G. Jacobs, Stef Schouwenburg, Martina Penazzato, Moherndran Archary, Theodore D. Ruel, John van den Anker, David M. Burger, Tim R. Cressey, Elaine J. Abrams, Hermione Lyall, Adrie Bekker, Angela Colbers
Summary: The delay in generating pharmacokinetic and safety data for antiretrovirals in neonates is a major obstacle for approvals. Only a limited number of antiretroviral drugs are approved for use in neonates born to HIV-infected mothers. This viewpoint addresses the research gaps and priorities in pharmacokinetic studies for antiretroviral use in neonates, aiming to stimulate research and expedite the availability of safe medications for HIV prevention and treatment in this vulnerable population.
Article
Immunology
Ellen Brazier, Rogers Ajeh, Fernando Maruri, Beverly Musick, Aimee Freeman, C. William Wester, Man-Po Lee, Tinei Shamu, Brenda Crabtree Ramirez, Marcelline d'Almeida, Kara Wools-Kaloustian, N. Kumarasamy, Keri N. Althoff, Christella Twizere, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Frank Tanser, Eugene Messou, Helen Byakwaga, Stephany N. Duda, Denis Nash
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on HIV service delivery, causing restrictions on travel, disruptions in clinic operations, interruptions in HIV testing and ART supply chains. However, some sites in high HIV prevalence settings and lower-income countries have implemented measures to support treatment adherence and continuity of care.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Helena Martin, Jennifer Falconer, Emmanuel Addo-Yobo, Satinder Aneja, Luis Martinez Arroyo, Rai Asghar, Shally Awasthi, Salem Banajeh, Abdul Bari, Sudha Basnet, Ashish Bavdekar, Nita Bhandari, Shinjini Bhatnagar, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Abdullah Brooks, Mandeep Chadha, Noel Chisaka, Monidarin Chou, Alexey W. Clara, Tim Colbourn, Clare Cutland, Valerie D'Acremont, Marcela Echavarria, Angela Gentile, Brad Gessner, Christopher J. Gregory, Tabish Hazir, Patricia L. Hibberd, Siddhivinayak Hirve, Shubhada Hooli, Imran Iqbal, Prakash Jeena, Cissy B. Kartasasmita, Carina King, Romina Libster, Rakesh Lodha, Juan M. Lozano, Marilla Lucero, Norman Lufesi, William B. MacLeod, Shabir Ahmed Madhi, Joseph L. Mathew, Irene Maulen-Radovan, Eric D. McCollum, Greta Mino, Charles Mwansambo, Mark Neuman, Ngoc Tuong Vy Nguyen, Marta C. Nunes, Pagbajabyn Nymadawa, Kerry-Ann F. O'grady, Jean-William Pape, Glaucia Paranhos-Baccala, Archana Patel, Valentina Sanchez Picot, Mala Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Zeba Rasmussen, Vanessa Rouzier, Graciela Russomando, Raul O. Ruvinsky, Salim Sadruddin, Samir K. Saha, Mathuram Santosham, Sunit Singhi, Sajid Soofi, Tor A. Strand, Mariam Sylla, Somsak Thamthitiwat, Donald M. Thea, Claudia Turner, Philippe Vanhems, Nitya Wadhwa, Jianwei Wang, Syed M. A. Zaman, Harry Campbell, Harish Nair, Shamim Ahmad Qazi, Yasir Bin Nisar
Summary: This study collated data from large studies on childhood pneumonia, identifying a more effective set of diagnostic criteria to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of current pneumonia case management guidelines.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Shubhada Hooli, Carina King, Eric D. McCollum, Tim Colbourn, Norman Lufesi, Charles Mwansambo, Christopher J. Gregory, Somsak Thamthitiwat, Clare Cutland, Shabir Ahmed Madhi, Marta C. Nunes, Bradford D. Gessner, Tabish Hazir, Joseph L. Mathew, Emmanuel Addo-Yobo, Noel Chisaka, Mumtaz Hassan, Patricia L. Hibberd, Prakash Jeena, Juan M. Lozano, William B. MacLeod, Archana Patel, Donald M. Thea, Ngoc Tuong Vy Nguyen, Syed MA. Zaman, Raul O. Ruvinsky, Marilla Lucero, Cissy B. Kartasasmita, Claudia Turner, Rai Asghar, Salem Banajeh, Imran Iqbal, Irene Maulen-Radovan, Greta Mino-Leon, Samir K. Saha, Mathuram Santosham, Sunit Singhi, Shally Awasthi, Ashish Bavdekar, Monidarin Chou, Pagbajabyn Nymadawa, Jean-William Pape, Glaucia Paranhos-Baccala, Valentina Sanchez Picot, Mala Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Vanessa Rouzier, Graciela Russomando, Mariam Sylla, Philippe Vanhems, Jianwei Wang, Sudha Basnet, Tor A. Strand, Mark I. Neuman, Luis Martinez Arroyo, Marcela Echavarria, Shinjini Bhatnagar, Nitya Wadhwa, Rakesh Lodha, Satinder Aneja, Angela Gentile, Mandeep Chadha, Siddhivinayak Hirv, Kerry-Ann F. O'Grady, Alexey W. Clara, Chris A. Rees, Harry Campbell, Harish Nair, Jennifer Falconer, Linda J. Williams, Margaret Horne, Shamim A. Qazi, Yasir Bin Nisar
Summary: This study found that pulse oximetry monitoring can reduce the mortality risk of pediatric pneumonia and identified risk factors for in-hospital mortality of chest-indrawing pneumonia. The conclusion is that pulse oximetry should be integrated into hospital care for pediatric pneumonia in children under 5 years.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Djeneba B. Fofana, Houdou Diarra, Ibrahima Guindo, Mahamadou K. Savadogo, Marceline d'Almeida, Fatoumata I. Diallo, Aliou Balde, Cathia Soulie, Amadou Kone, Anne-Genevieve Marcelin, Almoustapha I. Maiga, Sidonie Lambert-Niclot, Mamoudou Maiga, Sally McFall, Claudia A. Hawkins, Robert L. Murphy, Mariam Sylla, Christine Katlama, Jane L. Holl, Vincent Calvez, Laurence Morand-Joubert
Summary: Limited data exist on INI resistance in children living with HIV/AIDS in West Africa. A study was conducted on HIV-1-infected children in Benin and Mali, and it was found that no major INI resistance mutations were detected in INI-naive patients.
Article
Immunology
Jan Baumann, Mandy Knuepfer, Judicael Ouedraogo, Brehima Y. Traore, Asli Heitzer, Bourama Kane, Belco Maiga, Mariam Sylla, Bourema Kouriba, Roman Woelfel
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2019)