Article
Entomology
Basman H. Al-Jalely, Wei Xu
Summary: The study focused on the olfactory system of Trichogramma pretiosum, identifying 22 putative odorant binding proteins (OBPs) and 105 odorant receptors (ORs) using scanning electron microscopy to observe four types of olfactory sensilla. By examining the expression patterns of OBPs in male and female adults, three female-specific OBPs were identified, suggesting their crucial roles in host-seeking and oviposition behaviors. This research enriches our understanding of T. pretiosum olfactory genes and enhances our knowledge of its olfactory system.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patrick Marcinek, Franziska Haag, Christiane Geithe, Dietmar Krautwurst
Summary: Molecular recognition plays a key role in biological systems, and the study of pyrazines has led to the discovery of OR5K1 as a specialized olfactory receptor across mammals for the detection of pyrazine-based key food odors and semiochemicals, indicating the significance of ecological evolution.
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Daniel Kowatschew, Sigrun Korsching
Summary: The study suggests that the origin of the zebrafish olfactory receptor gene can be traced back to the most recent common ancestor of vertebrates, chordates, and their sister group. It may have undergone a functional switch in the evolution of jawed vertebrates.
GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Weihong Liu, Yu Zheng, Chen Zhang, Lin Chen, Hanyi Zhuang, Guojun Yao, Hang Ren, Yingjian Liu
Summary: In this study, a biomimetic olfactory recognition system was developed to discriminate the aromas of Chinese liquors. By combining odorant receptors and machine learning, the system demonstrated high accuracy in differentiating liquors of different aroma types, brands, and ageing years. The interactions between liquor aroma compounds and odorant receptors were also elucidated, providing insights into odorant coding at the molecular level.
Article
Biology
Tayfun Tumkaya, Safwan Burhanudin, Asghar Khalilnezhad, James Stewart, Hyungwon Choi, Adam Claridge-Chang
Summary: Animals use olfactory receptors to navigate mates, food, and danger. Research on Drosophila reveals that only a small fraction of olfactory sensory neurons can individually drive avoidance or attraction behavior, suggesting that most neurons have neutral effects. Additionally, wind and hunger have minimal impact on these responses. Comparisons between single- and double-ORN responses also contradict simple pooling rules, indicating that complex interactions may be responsible for the observed behavioral effects.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Zhizhi Fan, Zhen Zhang, Xun Zhang, Xiangbo Kong, Fu Liu, Sufang Zhang
Summary: RNA interference (RNAi) is a widely used technique in gene function research and pest control. This study screened potential target genes involved in vision and olfaction in A. planipennis using RNAi, and successfully demonstrated significant down-regulation of gene expression after dsRNA injection. These findings provide a foundation for the development of new RNAi-based control methods for A. planipennis at the adult stage.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaoyu Liang, Morgan Taylor, Rebekah Napier-Jameson, Canyon Calovich-Benne, Adam Norris
Summary: The highly-conserved stomatin domain has been identified in genes throughout all classes of life. In one well-studied example, the Caenorhabditis elegans gene mec-2 and its mouse homolog Stoml3 are required for the function of mechanosensory neurons, and they also play a shared role in olfactory behavior.
Article
Neurosciences
Mingyue Lv, Xiao Xu, Xinyang Zhang, Bo Yuwen, Long Zhang
Summary: This study reveals the presence of 5-HT and GABA and their receptors in the insect peripheral nervous system, which may play a role in regulating and fine-tuning olfaction through a negative feedback mechanism.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Anna Oleszkiewicz, Laura Bottesi, Michal Pieniak, Shuji Fujita, Nadejda Krasteva, Gabriele Nelles, Thomas Hummel
Summary: This study found that performing OT twice a day was more effective in supporting olfactory rehabilitation and interventions targeted to verbal semantic fluency, especially in subjects with lower baseline scores.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Xueqin Pan, Jun Liu, Xiao Xu, Liwei Zhang, Long Zhang
Summary: Choosing palatable plants is crucial for insect herbivores' survival, especially for restricted-feeders that specialize on few types of plants. However, the definitive strategy and sensory basis for distinguishing between host and nonhost plants remains controversial. In this study, we investigated the olfactory recognition of host plants in migratory locusts that feed on a limited range of plants. By using a novel behavioral paradigm, we found that the palps of locusts are necessary for differentiating between host and nonhost plants. The characteristic odors of the plants determined the behavioral differentiation, and intact palps were required for this process. We also identified the odorant receptors in the palps that modulate the recognition of key volatiles from host and nonhost plants, demonstrating the role of olfactory signaling in food choice.
Article
Entomology
Basman H. Al-Jalely, Penghao Wang, Yalin Liao, Wei Xu
Summary: This study conducted transcriptome sequencing on the antennae of male and female adult Diadegma semiclausum wasps, revealing differential expression of OBPs and ORs, providing important insights into the olfactory system of D. semiclausum.
BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Laurel R. Yohe, Matteo Fabbri, Daniela Lee, Kalina T. J. Davies, Thomas P. Yohe, Miluska K. R. Sanchez, Edgardo M. Rengifo, Ronald P. Hall, Gregory Mutumi, Brandon P. Hedrick, Alexa Sadier, Nancy B. Simmons, Karen E. Sears, Elizabeth Dumont, Stephen J. Rossiter, Bhart-Anjan S. Bhullar, Liliana M. Davalos
Summary: Although evolvability of genes and traits may promote specialization during species diversification, how ecology subsequently restricts such variation remains unclear. The study on bats suggests that exceptional variation in olfactory genes and phenotypes may have preceded dietary diversification, and increased reliance on smell has led to stabilizing selection as an ecological constraint.
Article
Entomology
Pablo J. Delclos, Tammy L. Bouldin, Jeffery K. Tomberlin
Summary: In the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides, mating pairs prefer the odor of fresher carcasses, but generally exhibit aversion to carcass odors, which may affect the quantity and quality of offspring.
Review
Neurosciences
Carlotta Martelli, Douglas Anthony Storace
Summary: It remains an open question how the olfactory system adapts to different stimulus conditions and how this adaptation affects olfactory representations and perception. Although adaptation could allow the olfactory system to adjust sensory representations to the current stimulus conditions, surprisingly little is known about how adaptation changes olfactory representations and affects perception.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Daniel Kowatschew, Sigrun Korsching
Summary: The sense of smell relies on large gene families to detect and differentiate various odors. Four major olfactory receptor families have been discovered, with only three already present in lamprey, a jawless vertebrate. However, a fourth family was believed to have originated in jawed vertebrates. This study examined the complete vomeronasal receptor repertoire in three lamprey species and found evidence of v1r and v2r genes, indicating an early origin of the V2R family in the shared ancestor of jawed and jawless vertebrates. Despite the presence of v2r genes, lampreys have not yet acquired an olfactory function for this family, suggesting a disconnect between the evolutionary origin and functional onset of the V2R family as olfactory receptors.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Min-Kyeung Choi, Minh Thong Le, Hye-Sun Cho, Juyoung Lee, Hyoim Jeon, Se-Yeoun Cha, Manheum Na, Taehoon Chun, Jin-Hoi Kim, Hyuk Song, Chankyu Park
Summary: The study on PG1 transgenic mice showed positive effects in resisting Staphylococcus aureus infection, with reduced lung injury, improved bacteria clearance, and lower inflammation. However, some individuals developed eye problems, indicating the importance of AMP expression regulation and localization to prevent adverse effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Correction
Cell Biology
Sangiliyandi Gurunathan, Min-Hee Kang, Muniyandi Jeyaraj, Muhammad Qasim, Jin-Hoi Kim
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hye-sun Cho, Munjeong Choi, Yunjung Lee, Hyoim Jeon, Byeongyong Ahn, Nagasundarapandian Soundrarajan, Kwonho Hong, Jin-Hoi Kim, Chankyu Park
Summary: The study found that using broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide PMAP-36 can effectively isolate high-quality RNA from various bacteria, providing an efficient method for nucleic acid isolation. Additionally, the use of PMAP-36 also successfully isolates high-quality genomic DNA from challenging bacterial strains, offering a new option for microbiome research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Helen Eachus, Min-Kyeung Choi, Soojin Ryu
Summary: The early life period is a critical time window for vulnerability to stress, which can have long-lasting effects on brain structure and function, potentially contributing to behavioral changes seen in mental illness. Rodent studies have greatly advanced our understanding of how early life stress impacts brain development and behavior, yet many key questions remain unanswered, including the specific brain regions and molecular pathways affected by early life stress and how these changes result in behavioral alterations in adulthood. Zebrafish offer a new model for studying early life stress, with advantages such as the ability to modulate stress hormone levels non-invasively and visualize whole brain activity in freely behaving animals.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
S. Youk, M. T. Le, M. Kang, B. Ahn, M. Choi, K. Kim, T. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, C. S. Ho, C. Park
Summary: A high-resolution typing method was developed for swine leukocyte antigen 3 (SLA-3), identifying 21 alleles with four novel ones, although the allelic diversity of SLA-3 was lower compared to SLA-1 and -2. More SLA-3 alleles were observed in Landrace and Yorkshire breeds, with SLA-3*04:01 being the most widely distributed allele across all breeds. This method aids in analyzing major SLA genes from field samples, enhancing understanding of immune responses and genetic makeup.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Eun Jin Cho, Yoon Gyo Lee, Younho Song, Dinh-Truong Nguyen, Hyeun-Jong Bae
Summary: The research evaluated the conversion of spent coffee grounds into high value-added products using a novel integrated system, resulting in the production of coffee oil, D-mannose, MOS, bioethanol, and other products. This approach can reduce waste generation and improve the economics of biorefinery production process.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mingue Kang, Byeongyong Ahn, Seungyeon Youk, Yun-Mi Lee, Jong-Joo Kim, Ji-Hong Ha, Chankyu Park
Summary: Genetic analysis of the hair-length of Sapsaree dogs revealed a dominant mode of inheritance for long hair. A causative mutation for hair length variations was identified as the previously reported 167 bp insertion in RSPO2 3' untranslated region. The study also found a selection signature on CFA13 in long-haired breeds.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Sangiliyandi Gurunathan, Min-Hee Kang, Hyuk Song, Nam Hyung Kim, Jin-Hoi Kim
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized membrane-enclosed compartments that act as messengers in cell-to-cell communication. They influence the phenotype and function of recipient cells by transferring functional proteins and genetic information. Various types of EVs are present in biological fluids, carrying cargoes such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. EVs associated with the reproductive system play a significant role in regulating physiological events such as gamete maturation, fertilization, and embryo and fetal development.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Munjeong Choi, Hye-Sun Cho, Byeongyong Ahn, Somasundaram Prathap, Soundrarajan Nagasundarapandian, Chankyu Park
Summary: This study analyzed the genetic variations and biological characteristics of bat cathelicidins and identified 19 cathelicidin-like sequences in seven bat species. The number of functional cathelicidin genes differed among bat species. Three cathelicidins with clear antimicrobial signatures were chemically synthesized and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity. ML-CATH and PD-CATH showed potent antibacterial and antifungal activities with minimal cytotoxicity to mammalian cells. ML-CATH and PD-CATH can be potential candidates for the development of antimicrobial therapeutics.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sangiliyandi Gurunathan, Ah Reum Lee, Jin Hoi Kim
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 has caused a pandemic of COVID-19, and some patients have acquired secondary infections such as black fungus disease. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are necessary to prevent high mortality and morbidity rates. Uncontrolled diabetes and immunosuppression are major risk factors, and the use of steroids can increase the risk of black fungus infection. Novel and effective antimicrobial agents are needed to combat this infection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sangiliyandi Gurunathan, Jin Hoi Kim
Summary: Graphene oxide (GO) stimulates exosome biogenesis and release in human ovarian cancer cells (SKOV3), indicating its potential as a tool for targeting the exosome pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yoon-Gyo Lee, Eun-Jin Cho, Shila Maskey, Dinh-Truong Nguyen, Hyeun-Jong Bae
Summary: Coffee waste can be transformed into valuable products through clean technologies and long-term waste management strategies. Various compounds, such as lipids, lignin, cellulose, antioxidants, caffeine, and biofuel, can be extracted or produced from coffee by-products. The full utilization of these by-products can reduce the economic and environmental burdens of coffee processing by establishing suitable infrastructure and networks between scientists, business organizations, and policymakers in a sustainable manner.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Byeongyong Ahn, Mingue Kang, Hyoim Jeon, Jong-Seok Kim, Hao Jiang, Jihong Ha, Chankyu Park
Summary: To investigate the ancestry and phylogenetic relationships of native Korean dog breeds, we analyzed the nucleotide variations in whole-genome sequences of 205 canid individuals. Our results revealed that different Korean dog breeds have genetic associations with various ancestral populations. We also found evidence of ancient admixture of European ancestry in East Asian dog breeds.
