Review
Infectious Diseases
Helen S. Lee, Kamryn Plechot, Shruti Gohil, Jennifer Le
Summary: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a significant healthcare-associated infection with varying diagnostic methods. Overdiagnosis from highly sensitive tests may lead to unnecessary treatment and adverse outcomes. It is important to optimize the sensitivity and specificity of laboratory tests to differentiate clinical CDI from colonization.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Ryan M. Hanson, Amy J. Wagner
Summary: Severe, complicated Clostridium difficile colitis is rare in pediatric patients and little is known about its medical and surgical management in this population. A case report of a 15-year-old female patient with severe, complicated C difficile colitis successfully treated with diverting loop ileostomy and colonic lavage is presented. This approach, instead of subtotal colectomy and end ileostomy, should be considered as an alternative for pediatric patients with severe, complicated C difficile colitis.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ibrahim A. Al-Zahrani
Summary: Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection is a global threat to many healthcare settings. Excessive use of antimicrobials, lack of optimal antibiotic policies, and suboptimal infection control practices have fueled the development of this health issue. Prudent use of antimicrobials and simple infection control measures can significantly reduce infection rates.
SAUDI MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Meng Wang, Zifeng Deng, Yanmei Li, Yi Ma, Jufang Wang
Summary: A novel lytic protein Cw1-CWB2 with high binding specificity and strong lytic activity has been designed in this study for combating C. difficile.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ashleigh S. Paparella, Briana L. Aboulache, Rajesh K. Harijan, Kathryn S. Potts, Peter C. Tyler, Vern L. Schramm
Summary: Clostridium difficile produces toxins TcdA and TcdB causing diarrhea by affecting host cell functions using UDP-glucose, leading to disease onset. Researchers identified potential therapeutic approach using transition state analogue iminosugars.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Juan Zhou, Fei Xiao, Jin Fu, Nan Jia, Xiaolan Huang, Chunrong Sun, Zheng Xu, Yu Zhang, Dong Qu, Yi Wang
Summary: A detection platform called MP-RPA-CRISPR was developed for rapid, simple, and accurate diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection. The platform amplified the MP strains' CARDS toxin gene using RPA at 37°C and detected the resulting amplicons using CRISPR-Cas12b-based detection platform. The MP-RPA-CRISPR assay accurately diagnosed MP-infected samples and can be used as a promising tool in various settings.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Piccioni, Federico Rosa, Federica Manca, Giulia Pignataro, Christian Zanza, Gabriele Savioli, Marcello Covino, Veronica Ojetti, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesco Franceschi, Marcello Candelli
Summary: The composition of the human microbiome plays a crucial role in health, and alterations in the microbiota can lead to Clostridium difficile infection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Gabriela Muniz Carvalho, Carolina Pantuzza Ramos, Francisco Carlos Faria Lobato, Roberto Mauricio Carvalho Guedes, Paula Roberta Giaretta, Rodrigo Otavio Silveira Silva
Summary: There is a lack of published guidelines for the diagnosis of Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection (CDI) in animals. The performance of available methods for detecting CDI varies among different animal species. Enzyme immunoassays have shown low performance in detecting toxins A and B in piglet and dog samples, while having high sensitivity for foals. Tests for detecting glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) have been identified as a suitable screening method with high sensitivity in animal samples. Studies evaluating real-time PCR or nucleic acid amplification tests have shown low performance for detecting CDI in animals. Histopathology can be a useful tool for post-mortem diagnosis in animals with CDI.
Article
Rehabilitation
Justin Weppner, Joelle Gabet, Mark Linsenmeyer, Mohamed Yassin, Gary Galang
Summary: The study found the presence of C difficile spores in an acute rehabilitation environment and showed that proper disinfection methods can effectively reduce the risk of infection. It is important to sporicidally disinfect surfaces such as beds and wheelchairs to decrease the rates of C difficile infection.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
F. Christopher Peritore-Galve, Izumi Kaji, Anna Smith, Lauren M. Walker, John A. Shupe, M. Kay Washington, Holly M. Scott Algood, Pradeep K. Dudeja, James R. Goldenring, D. Borden Lacy
Summary: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a leading cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. This study found that CDI increases intestinal permeability and decreases the abundance of key ion transporters, leading to osmotic diarrhea. These findings provide insights into the mechanism of diarrhea during CDI and may lead to new treatments for CDI-associated diarrhea.
Article
Surgery
Alexis Hess, Saskya Byerly, Emily Lenart, Cory Evans, Andrew Kerwin, Dina Filiberto
Summary: This study aimed to identify predictors of Clostridium Difficile Infection (CDI) in general surgery patients. Patients who underwent general surgery operations were analyzed, and it was found that older age, emergent operation, increased time to operation, infections at surgical sites, deep organ space infections, steroid use, metastatic cancer, smoking, and decreased body mass index (BMI) were independent predictors of CDI.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anqi Jin, Tony Chien, Qiwen Huang, Pragati Kenkare, Mai Vu, Sandra Wilson, Edward S. Huang
Summary: The study found that cholecystectomy is associated with a slightly increased risk of incident CDI, but this effect is not influenced by the use of proton pump inhibitors, antibiotics, or hospitalization.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Malin Inghammar, Henrik Svanstrom, Marianne Voldstedlund, Mads Melbye, Anders Hviid, Kare Molbak, Bjorn Pasternak
Summary: In a nationwide study among adults in Denmark, it was found that the use of PPIs is associated with a moderately increased risk of community-associated Clostridium difficile infection. The elevated risk remained up to 1 year after the end of PPI treatment.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mao Hagihara, Tadashi Ariyoshi, Yasutoshi Kuroki, Shuhei Eguchi, Seiya Higashi, Takeshi Mori, Tsunemasa Nonogaki, Kenta Iwasaki, Makoto Yamashita, Nobuhiro Asai, Yusuke Koizumi, Kentaro Oka, Motomichi Takahashi, Yuka Yamagishi, Hiroshige Mikamo
Summary: CBM 588 enhances the antibacterial activity against C. difficile, reduces colon epithelial damage, and improves immunity through upregulating pathogen specific immunoglobulin A and enhancing gut epithelial barrier function to protect colon tissue from CDI.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Natalie S. Haddad, Sophia Nozick, Geena Kim, Shant Ohanian, Colleen S. Kraft, Paulina A. Rebolledo, Yun Wang, Hao Wu, Adam Bressler, Sang Nguyet Thi Le, Merin Kuruvilla, Martin C. Runnstrom, Richard P. Ramonell, L. Edward Cannon, F. Eun-Hyung Lee, John L. Daiss
Summary: This study demonstrated the potential of a simple test for identifying hospitalized CDI patients at low risk for disease recurrence. By measuring newly synthesized antibodies, the study was able to identify early immune responses in patients, reducing the likelihood of recurrent CDI.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
