Article
Biochemical Research Methods
F. Ceciliani, G. Avila Morales, G. De Matteis, F. Grandoni, R. Furioso Ferreira, P. Roccabianca, C. Lecchi
Summary: Monocytes and macrophages in bovines play important roles in key diseases, but their functions and purification procedures differ from that of their human counterparts. This review discusses the current knowledge of bovine monocytes and macrophages, including methods for their purification and characterization of major functions. Various techniques such as flow cytometry, cytology, histology, and immunohistochemistry are utilized to describe their populations and functions.
Article
Immunology
Michal Rudnik, Amela Hukara, Ievgeniia Kocherova, Suzana Jordan, Janine Schniering, Vincent Milleret, Martin Ehrbar, Karin Klingel, Carol Feghali-Bostwick, Oliver Distler, Przemyslaw Blyszczuk, Gabriela Kania
Summary: The study identified activated profibrotic features in CD14(+) monocytes and CD14(+) pulmonary macrophages in Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients, highlighting their capability to produce profibrotic fibronectin. This suggests that tissue-infiltrating CD14(+) monocytes/macrophages play a role in ECM production in the pathogenesis of SSc.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Yanbing Li, Hechuan Wang, Shuo Wang, Qun Zhang, Han Zhang, Tianfeng Li, Qian Wang, Minghui Guo, Heze Feng, Yulun Song, Guosheng Wei, Jingchun Li
Summary: After artificial insemination, the presence of immune cells in the genital tract can cause inflammation and negatively affect sperm quality. This study investigated the effects of methylprednisolone on preserving boar sperm quality during in vitro liquid preservation and on the chemotaxis and phagocytosis of immune cells towards sperm. The results showed that a specific concentration of methylprednisolone improved sperm motility, antioxidant capacity, and inhibited immune cell activity towards sperm.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Su Jeong Lee, Bo Ruem Yoon, Hee Young Kim, Su-Jin Yoo, Seong Wook Kang, Won-Woo Lee
Summary: The study demonstrates that activated platelets induce CD16 expression on classical CD14(+)CD16(-) monocytes through soluble factors, contributing to antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP). CD14(+)CD16(-) monocytes treated with activated platelets preferentially differentiate into M2 macrophages, and elevated levels of the activated platelet marker sCD62P are found in plasma of rheumatoid arthritis patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ping-Huai Wang, Ming-Fang Wu, Chi-Yu Hsu, Shu-Yung Lin, Ya-Nan Chang, Ho-Shen Lee, Yu-Feng Wei, Chin-Chung Shu
Summary: LTBI is associated with increased CD14+ monocytes and low PD-L2 expression, while the increased expression of immune checkpoints over all immune cells might be due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis related immune exhaustion, which decreased after treatment.
Article
Reproductive Biology
Jing-Chun Li, Shuo Wang, He-Chuan Wang, Qun Zhang, Qian Wang, Ming-Hui Guo, Han Zhang, Tian-Feng Li, Qing Guo, Yan-Bing Li, Guo-Sheng Wei
Summary: This study investigated the effects of dexamethasone on the chemotaxis and phagocytic activity of neutrophils for spermatozoa and the semen quality of preserved boar semen. The results showed that dexamethasone inhibited the activity of neutrophils and had the best preservation effect on boar semen at a concentration of 1 x 10-6 mol/mL under storage conditions of 17 degrees C.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana Bocanegra, Gonzalo Fernandez-Hinojal, Daniel Ajona, Ester Blanco, Miren Zuazo, Maider Garnica, Luisa Chocarro, Elvira Alfaro-Arnedo, Sergio Pineiro-Hermida, Pilar Morente, Leticia Fernandez, Ana Remirez, Miriam Echaide, Maite Martinez-Aguillo, Idoia Morilla, Beatriz Tavira, Alejandra Roncero, Carolina Gotera, Alfonso Ventura, Nerea Recalde, Jose G. Pichel, Juan Jose Lasarte, Luis Montuenga, Ruth Vera, Ruben Pio, David Escors, Grazyna Kochan
Summary: Recent studies show that baseline functional immunity is crucial for the success of immune checkpoint blockade therapies. In this study, high-dimensional systemic immune profiling was performed on non-small-cell lung cancer patients undergoing PD-L1/PD-1 blockade immunotherapy. Responders had a higher diversity of myeloid phenotypes in their peripheral blood. A diversity index was defined as a potential biomarker of response. Fractalkine (FKN), a chemokine linked to immune chemotaxis and adhesion, was identified as a biomarker of response and correlated with myeloid cell diversity. FKN inhibited lung adenocarcinoma growth in both human and mouse models through the involvement of systemic effector NK cells and increased tumor immune infiltration. FKN also sensitized mouse lung cancer models resistant to anti-PD-1 treatment to immunotherapy, indicating its potential therapeutic use in combination with immunotherapy.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Moran Huang, Kai Ye, Tu Hu, Kexin Liu, Mengzhen You, Lei Wang, Hui Qin
Summary: The study found that silver nanoparticles have superior antibacterial properties in vitro but not significant in vivo, inhibiting the antibacterial ability of neutrophils. Therefore, attention should be paid to both cell and immune system safety in the development of biomaterials, to complement the antibacterial properties of biomaterials and innate immune system for promoting the host's ability to resist pathogenic microorganisms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Upasana Parthasarathy, Yi Kuang, Gunjan Thakur, John D. Hogan, Thomas P. Wyche, James E. Norton, Jason R. Killough, Theodore R. Sana, Caroline Beakes, BaoJen Shyong, Rena N. Zhang, Dario A. Gutierrez, Michael Filbin, David C. Christiani, Alex G. Therien, Christopher H. Woelk, Cory H. White, Roberta Martinelli
Summary: Sepsis, a life-threatening condition caused by an imbalanced host response to infection, lacks effective therapies. This study used an integrated systems immunology approach to evaluate neutrophil phenotypes, cytokines, and metabolites in sepsis patients. Differential expression of mature and immature neutrophil subsets in sepsis patients was identified, correlating with various proteins, metabolites, and lipids. These findings enabled the development of a statistical model for sepsis biomarker identification, potentially informing early patient stratification and treatment options alongside mechanistic studies.
Review
Immunology
Qingsong Jiang, Yuxi Zhao, Yusen Shui, Xuedong Zhou, Lei Cheng, Biao Ren, Zhu Chen, Mingyun Li
Summary: Late-onset periodontitis is closely related to the interactions between neutrophils and periodontal pathogens, where the balance between neutrophils and the microbial community is crucial. Neutrophils clear pathogens mainly through phagocytosis and release mechanisms, while pathogens evade neutrophil-mediated killing through various strategies.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Toxicology
Nga T. Nguyen, David S. Umbaugh, Sawyer Smith, Olamide B. Adelusi, Giselle Sanchez-Guerrero, Anup Ramachandran, Hartmut Jaeschke
Summary: Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is a major cause of acute liver failure, and the role of neutrophils in APAP-induced liver injury is controversial. This study found that neutrophils, recruited through the neutrophil chemoattractant Cxcl2, have no effect on liver injury after a low dose of APAP (300 mg/kg), but aggravate the injury after a high dose (600 mg/kg). Treating mice with an anti-Cxcl2 antibody reduced neutrophil accumulation and liver injury. These findings suggest that neutrophils play a role in APAP-induced liver injury only at severe overdoses.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Raghunathan Jagannathan, Thodur Madapusi Balaji, Saranya Varadarajan, B. Bhuvaneswari, C. J. Venkatakrishnan, S. Lakshmi Priya, Swaminathan Rajendran, Mohammed E. Sayed, Maryam H. Mugri, Shankargouda Patil
Summary: Periodontitis has been suggested as a significant risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes, with elevated levels of periodontal pathogenic bacteria and proinflammatory cytokines believed to contribute to preterm delivery through placental infection and premature rupture of the amniotic membrane. The role of CD14+CD16+ monocytes in this process has not been widely researched, but potential mechanistic links between periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes are being explored.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Krishna Latha, Katelyn F. Jamison, Wendy T. Watford
Summary: Tpl2 deficiency in mice leads to impaired viral control during influenza infection, with no detectable virus in the lungs on the day of peak morbidity and mortality. The increased levels of interferons and chemokines in Tpl2(-/-) mice during infection suggest an overactive antiviral immune response, leading to increased inflammatory cell infiltration in the lungs. The study highlights the role of Tpl2 in regulating inflammation during influenza infection by modulating interferon and chemokine production.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Georgios Louloudis, Samuele Ambrosini, Francesco Paneni, Giovanni G. Camici, Dietmar Benke, Jan Klohs
Summary: Introducing hypercholesterolemia in mice through mPCSK9-AAV injection showed increased PCSK9 levels and altered lipid profiles, with a high-fat diet exacerbating the condition. This model provides a tool to study the impact of thromboinflammatory processes on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Ankit Sharma, Matija Rijavec, Sunil Tomar, Amnah Yamani, Varsha Ganesan, James Krempski, Charles F. Schuler, Supinda Bunyavanich, Peter Korosec, Simon P. Hogan
Summary: This study aimed to identify dysregulated immunological processes associated with severe food allergic reactions by integrating bulk RNA-sequencing data from human and mouse samples. The results showed that genes related to innate and inflammatory immune responses, MAPK and NFkB signaling, as well as 429 genes correlated with reaction severity in mice. By comparing the mouse transcriptome with two independent human cohorts, 11 significantly dysregulated genes correlated with severity were identified. Additionally, during IgE-mediated reactions, rapid changes in blood leukocytes, particularly inflammatory monocytes and neutrophils, were observed along with changes in surface expression of CLEC4E, CD218A, and GPR27.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Sunday O. Peters, Kadir Kizilkaya, Eveline M. Ibeagha-Awemu, Mahmut Sinecen, Xin Zhao
Summary: Genomic selection methods and genome-wide association studies were used to characterize the genetic structure and associations in Canadian Holstein cows. Results showed that linkage disequilibrium increased as marker distance decreased on chromosomes. The GBLUP and BayesB models had similar heritability estimates for MY and PY, but GBLUP had higher estimates for FY. The predictive ability of GBLUP was significantly lower than BayesB for MY, FY, and PY.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Y. Hou, L. Zhang, R. Y. Dong, M. Y. Liang, Y. Lu, X. Q. Sun, X. Zhao
Summary: Short-term heat stress leads to a decrease in milk production and dry matter intake, while long-term heat stress has a more severe impact, causing reductions in milk yield and protein concentration. Long-term heat stress also affects rumen metabolism and adipose tissue mobilization in dairy cows.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Muhammad Bilal, Wei Si, Florence Barbe, Eric Chevaux, Olimpia Sienkiewicz, Xin Zhao
Summary: Probiotics, in the form of novel strains of Bacillus, showed positive effects on the health, production, and immune activity of broilers raised in suboptimal conditions. The study revealed significant improvements in intestinal health and immune response, particularly on day 14.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Duy N. Do, Pier-Luc Dudemaine, Manisha Mathur, Prashanth Suravajhala, Xin Zhao, Eveline M. Ibeagha-Awemu
Summary: miRNAs are small endogenous RNAs that play key roles in regulating gene expression in a wide range of biological processes. The advancements in transcriptomics technologies have provided great opportunities for exploring the involvement of miRNAs in farm animal diseases. Furthermore, there is increasing interest in using miRNAs as biomarkers and molecular therapy for livestock disease management.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Weiwei Fu, Rui Wang, Naiyi Xu, Jinxin Wang, Ran Li, Hojjat Asadollahpour Nanaei, Qinghua Nie, Xin Zhao, Jianlin Han, Ning Yang, Yu Jiang
Summary: Galbase is an easily accessible repository that integrates public chicken multi-omics data, providing new opportunities for in-depth functional genomic studies on chicken and identification of genetic variations responsible for chicken complex traits.
Article
Microbiology
Hongxiao Cui, Yajun Sun, Hua Lin, Yan Zhao, Xin Zhao
Summary: This study revealed that outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium of poultry origin have a promoting effect on chicken innate immune system cells. OMVs can promote the development and maturation of chicken monocytes into macrophages. Additionally, OMVs enhance the phagocytosis capability of macrophages and the activation is mainly achieved through lipopolysaccharides and membrane proteins.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Shoaib Ashraf, Debora Parrine, Muhammad Bilal, Umer Chaudhry, Mark Lefsrud, Xin Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the molecular mechanisms of IVM resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Proteomic analysis revealed differences in the expression of transport proteins between IVM-sensitive and IVM-resistant strains. Three efflux pumps were identified as potential key determinants of resistance. Blocking these transporters could be a promising strategy to reduce resistance.
Article
Microbiology
Bing Xia, Ruqing Zhong, Weida Wu, Chengzeng Luo, Qingshi Meng, Qingtao Gao, Yong Zhao, Liang Chen, Sheng Zhang, Xin Zhao, Hongfu Zhang
Summary: Post-weaning diarrhea in piglets disrupts the colonic mucus layer and causes aberrant mucin O-glycans. This leads to gut microenvironment impairment, compromised epithelial barrier integrity, enhanced susceptibility to inflammation, and mild growth faltering. The activation of inflammasomes and autophagy restriction along with changes in microbiota are likely associated with diarrheal pathogenesis.
Article
Microbiology
Shoaib Ashraf, Sohail Naushad, Wei Si, Muhammad Bilal, Muhammad Ijaz, Hongsheng Huang, Xin Zhao
Summary: This study reports the draft genome sequences and antimicrobial resistance gene profiles of five Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bovine milk in Pakistan.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
X. H. Yu, Z. H. Hao, P. L. Liu, M. M. Liu, L. L. Zhao, X. Zhao
Summary: The intensive and intermittent use of antibiotics leads to the rapid evolution of tolerance and acquisition of resistance. Efflux pumps are overexpressed in tolerant strains and contribute to resistance development. This study demonstrates the role of efflux pumps in the evolutionary trajectory from tolerance to resistance and suggests that inhibiting efflux pumps can delay the acquisition of resistance.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jinhe Xiao, Jianguo Huang, Xuemei Xue, Chen Wang, Yanting Sun, Liangjun Zheng, Xu Zhao, Xiaokun Wang, Xin Zhao, Huping Xue
Summary: A new set of Ccr recombinases, CcrA8B9, have been identified. These novel Ccr recombinases can aid in the excision and integration of SCCmec/SCC elements, providing a new pathway for the transmission of these elements among staphylococci.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Kun Wang, Benhai Xiong, Xin Zhao
Summary: To meet the increasing demand for meat and milk, the livestock industry needs to increase production. However, increased livestock, especially ruminant animals, will worsen environmental damage due to methane emissions. Shifting metabolic hydrogen from methane formation to propionate formation may be a promising method to reduce methane production and increase animal productivity. However, the feasibility of this shift has not been thoroughly discussed.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Corie Darrington, Haijiao Lin, Jean-Marc Lariviere, Janet E. Fulton, Xin Zhao
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the MHC-B variability in the Chantecler breed using an MHC-B SNP panel. The results show reasonable diversity in the MHC-B region of the Chantecler breed, contributing to our understanding of the variability of this region in chickens.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nada Ahmed, Mohamed El-Fateh, Magdy S. Amer, Reham A. El-Shafei, Muhammad Bilal, Moussa S. Diarra, Xin Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and potential mechanisms of cranberry pomace against Salmonella Enteritidis-induced chicken hepatic cell damage. The results showed that cranberry pomace increased the viability of Salmonella-infected chicken hepatoma cells and reduced Salmonella adhesion and invasion. Additionally, it downregulated the expression of key genes involved in Salmonella entry and increased the expression of antioxidant genes. These findings provide opportunities to develop sustainable, safe, and economic strategies to reduce Salmonella colonization and pathogenesis.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhifang Shi, Lei Xi, Yan Wang, Xin Zhao
Summary: Ammonia exposure damages the olfactory system, leading to changes in behavior and inflammation. It affects the release of cytokines and compromises tissue function.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)