Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meng Lin, Jinxing Lv, Dan Zhao, Siyu Liu, Jinfu Xu, Yangyang Wu, Fuxin Wang, Jun Zhang, Bo Zheng, Cong Shen, Xie Guan, Jun Yu, Xiaoyan Huang
Summary: Given the importance of the MRN complex in HR, this study identifies MRNIP as a novel HR factor crucial for the expression of the MRN complex and loading of recombinases, thus promoting meiotic progression.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Davide Valente, Maria Pia Gentileschi, Antonino Guerrisi, Vicente Bruzzaniti, Aldo Morrone, Silvia Soddu, Alessandra Verdina
Summary: This article discusses the induction of gamma H2AX in individuals exposed to ionizing radiation and its applications in clinical studies. By analyzing the various conditions that induce H2AX phosphorylation and describing commonly used methods for gamma H2AX determination, the assessment of DSBs following IR exposure can be optimized.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emil Mladenov, Veronika Mladenova, Martin Stuschke, George Iliakis
Summary: Radiation therapy is an essential part of cancer management, utilizing different modalities of ionizing radiation to mitigate cancer progression. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms underlying the repair pathways involved in DNA damage caused by radiation therapy. It discusses factors and processes that influence the choice of repair pathways throughout the cell cycle and highlights the preference for homologous recombination at low radiation doses. The article also explores the molecular basis of transitions from high fidelity to error-prone repair pathways and analyzes the coordination and consequences of this transition on cell viability and genomic stability. Lastly, it discusses how these advances can contribute to the development of improved cancer treatment protocols in radiation therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Liat Morciano, Renana M. Elgrabli, Drora Zenvirth, Ayelet Arbel-Eden
Summary: Several events occur during meiosis to reshape the genome and transfer it to the next generation. The occurrence of new meiotic mutations is closely linked to homologous recombination and depends on Spo11-induced DNA breaks. Through studying the timing of mutation and recombination events in cells deficient in DNA HR-repair genes, we found that Rad54 and Tid1 play different roles in meiotic mutation occurrence. We also observed that single-stranded DNA may be a potential source for mutagenicity during meiosis. Overall, we propose that de novo mutations during meiosis contribute to the diversification of the genome.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yunhui Li, Jian Yuan
Summary: DNA is the hereditary material in humans and most other organisms, crucial for accurate transmission of genetic information. Damage to DNA, including DSBs, can lead to gene mutations, genome instability, and even tumorigenesis if repair mechanisms are defective. Protein deubiquitination is essential in DNA DSB repair, and understanding the molecular mechanisms of DUB regulation can provide insights for combatting human diseases and developing new therapeutic approaches.
JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY-SCIENCE B
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jie Wei, Huan Zhang, Xiaoya Ma, Yujie Li, Wenqian Zhou, Jinping Guo, Tianbo Jin, Mingjun Hu
Summary: This study investigated the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the OR51E1 gene and glioma susceptibility in the Chinese Han population. The results showed that polymorphisms rs10768148, rs7102992, and rs10500608 were associated with glioma risk in the overall sample. Stratified analyses based on gender and age revealed specific SNP-glioma associations. Additionally, synergistic and redundant relationships between certain SNPs were identified. Overall, this study provides a basis for assessing glioma risk-associated variants in the Chinese Han population.
Article
Oncology
Qunsong Tan, Kaifeng Niu, Yuqi Zhu, Zixiang Chen, Yueyang Li, Mengge Li, Di Wei, Adayabalam S. Balajee, Hongbo Fang, Yongliang Zhao
Summary: The study demonstrates that RNF8 ubiquitinates RecQL4 protein, facilitating its dissociation from DSB sites and hindering the recruitment of downstream DSB repair proteins. RecQL4 also interacts with WRAP53 beta, which enhances its association with RNF8. Overall, the ubiquitination event mediated by RNF8 is essential for RecQL4's function in DSB repair.
Review
Cell Biology
Ksenia G. Kolobynina, Alexander Rapp, M. Cristina Cardoso
Summary: Chromatin serves as the background for all DNA-based molecular processes in the cell nucleus. The initial chromatin structure at the site of DNA damage determines lesion generation and activation of the DNA damage response pathway. Ubiquitination, as an important chromatin post-translational modification, is involved in chromatin changes at the damaged site and throughout the genome.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Lia Yedidia-Aryeh, Michal Goldberg
Summary: Cancer development is often associated with impaired DNA repair and DNA damage signaling pathways. Estrogen has a regulatory role in the repair and cellular response to DNA double-strand breaks. There is a complex interplay between the cellular DNA damage response and the actions of estrogen, which may contribute to the development of estrogen-dependent cancers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sijie Liu, Yu Hua, Jingna Wang, Lingyan Li, Junjie Yuan, Bo Zhang, Ziyang Wang, Jianguo Ji, Daochun Kong
Summary: Protection of 30 overhangs in DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair is achieved through the transient formation of RNA-DNA hybrids, with RNA polymerase III (RNAPIII) responsible for synthesizing the RNA strand. CtIP and MRN nuclease activity are required for initiating RNAPIII-mediated RNA synthesis at DSBs. Reduced RNAPIII levels suppress homologous recombination (HR) and lead to genetic loss > 30 bp at DSBs.
Review
Cell Biology
Marcelo Santos da Silva
Summary: This article discusses the unique dependence of trypanosomatids on DSBs for important events such as antigenic variation, genetic exchange, and genomic changes, as well as how they balance the benefits and challenges caused by DSBs through homologous recombination.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jong Youn Baik, Hye-Jin Han, Kelvin H. Lee
Summary: MTX-mediated gene amplification can lead to cell line instability, with DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) being associated with chromosomal rearrangements. MTX treatment causes nucleotide shortage, leading to an increase in DSBs, resulting in extensive chromosomal rearrangements after the gene amplification process.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Albert W. Hinman, Hsin-Yi Yeh, Baptiste Roelens, Kei Yamaya, Alexander Woglar, Henri-Marc G. Bourbon, Peter Chi, Anne M. Villeneuve
Summary: Meiotic recombination plays essential roles in genetic diversity and genome inheritance, with DSB-3 identified as a protein promoting DSB formation in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. DSB-3 is interdependent with other DSB proteins and its localization supports its role as a homolog of MEI4 in conserved DSB-promoting complexes. Variations in meiotic programs across diverse organisms may contribute to the diversification of essential meiotic machinery components.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laurene Sonzogni, Melanie L. Ferlazzo, Adeline Granzotto, Beatrice Fervers, Laurent Charlet, Nicolas Foray
Summary: The mechanistic model RIANS from radiobiology is crucial for understanding the recognition, repair and genotoxic stress response of DNA double-strand breaks induced by radiation. This model also applies to exposure to metal ions. Our study found that the induction of DSB by pesticides depends on their concentration and the RIANS status of cells. Impaired DSB recognition and repair, leading to toxicity, can occur when the nucleo-shuttling of ATM is delayed. Additionally, the combination of certain metal ions and pesticides can have additive or supra-additive effects on DSB recognition and/or repair.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yvonne Lorat, Judith Reindl, Anna Isermann, Christian Ruebe, Anna A. Friedl, Claudia E. Ruebe
Summary: Increasing numbers of carbon ions per beam spot enhanced spatial clustering of DNA lesions, especially in heterochromatin. Euchromatic DSBs were efficiently processed and repaired, while clustered DSBs in heterochromatin continued to increase in numbers over time, posing a challenge for appropriate processing by the cell.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ying Cai, Eryan Yang, Xiuhua Yao, Xuebin Zhang, Qixue Wang, Yunfei Wang, Ji Liu, Weijia Fan, Kaikai Yi, Chunsheng Kang, Jialing Wu
Summary: tPA exerts neuroprotective effects by increasing phosphorylation of AMPK and expression of FUNDC1, thereby inhibiting apoptosis and improving mitochondrial function.
Review
Oncology
Tao Jiang, Do-Hyun Nam, Zvi Ram, Wai-Sang Poon, Jiguang Wang, Damdindorj Boldbaatar, Ying Mao, Wenbin Ma, Qing Mao, Yongping You, Chuanlu Jiang, Xuejun Yang, Chunsheng Kang, Xiaoguang Qiu, Wenbin Li, Shaowu Li, Ling Chen, Xuejun Li, Zhixiong Liu, Weimin Wang, Hongmin Bai, Yu Yao, Shouwei Li, Anhua Wu, Ke Sai, Guilin Li, Kun Yao, Xinting Wei, Xianzhi Liu, Zhiwen Zhang, Yiwu Dai, Shengqing Lv, Liang Wang, Zhixiong Lin, Jun Dong, Guozheng Xu, Xiaodong Ma, Wei Zhang, Chuanbao Zhang, Baoshi Chen, Gan You, Yongzhi Wang, Yinyan Wang, Zhaoshi Bao, Pei Yang, Xing Fan, Xing Liu, Zheng Zhao, Zheng Wang, Yiming Li, Zhiliang Wang, Guanzhang Li, Shengyu Fang, Lianwang Li, Yanwei Liu, Shuai Liu, Xia Shan, Yuqing Liu, Ruichao Chai, Huimin Hu, Jing Chen, Wei Yan, Jinquan Cai, Hongjun Wang, Lingchao Chen, Yuan Yang, Yu Wang, Lei Han, Qixue Wang
Summary: The joint guideline committee of Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group, Society for Neuro-Oncology of China, and Chinese Brain Cancer Association has updated the clinical practice guideline to provide recommendations for the diagnosis and management of diffuse gliomas. The guidelines focus on molecular and pathological diagnostics, as well as main treatment modalities including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Additionally, the guidelines integrate results from clinical trials of immune therapies and target therapies as future directions.
Article
Oncology
Jixing Zhao, Shixue Yang, Xiaoteng Cui, Qixue Wang, Eryan Yang, Fei Tong, Biao Hong, Menglin Xiao, Lei Xin, Can Xu, Yanli Tan, Chunsheng Kang
Summary: Researchers have discovered a small-molecule inhibitor called EPIC-0412 that enhances the effectiveness of the chemotherapy drug TMZ in treating GBM. By disrupting DNA damage repair pathways and targeting MGMT, EPIC-0412 sensitizes GBM cells to TMZ and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The study also shows that EPIC-0412 epigenetically silences MGMT through specific pathways.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Xing Liu, Chunsheng Kang
Article
Oncology
Lei Xin, Yanli Tan, Yuanxue Zhu, Xiaoteng Cui, Qixue Wang, Jixing Zhao, Shaohui Tian, Can Xu, Menglin Xiao, Biao Hong, Jianglong Xu, Xiaoye Yuan, Changsheng Wang, Chunsheng Kang, Chuan Fang
Summary: This study identified a potential small-molecule inhibitor, EPIC-0307, that selectively disrupted the PRADX-EZH2 interaction to upregulate expressions of tumor suppressor genes, thereby exerting its antitumor effects on GBM cells. EPIC-0307 treatment also increased the chemotherapeutic efficacy of TMZ by epigenetically downregulating DNA repair-associated genes and MGMT expression in GBM cells.
Review
Oncology
Xiaoteng Cui, Yunfei Wang, Junhu Zhou, Qixue Wang, Chunsheng Kang
Summary: Malignant gliomas are difficult to diagnose and treat due to their infiltrative growth pattern, rapid progression, and poor prognosis. Temozolomide (TMZ) is the only first-line chemotherapeutic drug for malignant gliomas that can cross the blood-brain barrier, but some patients are insensitive to TMZ and can develop acquired resistance during treatment.
CANCER BIOLOGY & MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Kaikai Yi, Qi Zhan, Qixue Wang, Yanli Tan, Chuan Fang, Yunfei Wang, Junhu Zhou, Chao Yang, Yansheng Li, Chunsheng Kang
Summary: This study revealed that PTRF promotes GBM tumor proliferation and suppresses immune responses through a lipid remodeling pathway involving cPLA2. The overexpression of PTRF alters the metabolism of cells, affecting the growth and immune infiltration of GBM tumors. These findings highlight new therapeutic targets for GBM treatment.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Long LiXia, Cheng LinJie, Hou JingJing, Wang LiMei, Wang Xu, He LiGang, Li SiDi, Zhao Jin, Hou Xin, Kang ChunSheng, Yuan XuBo
Summary: Increasing the branching degree of star-branched copolymers can improve the blood circulation and tumor-targeting effects of polymeric nanovehicles in vivo, allowing the payload to persist longer in the bloodstream.
SCIENCE CHINA-TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lin Wang, Junhu Zhou, Qixue Wang, Yunfei Wang, Chunsheng Kang
Summary: This study proposes a potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 strategy based on the CRISPR-Cas13a system, identifying a specific RNA segment of the spike protein and designing an efficient crRNA sequence for cleavage. It provides a rapid design pipeline for an antiviral tool against SARS-CoV-2 and introduces a novel approach for anti-virus study.
Article
Oncology
Yingbin Xie, Luyue Chen, Junhu Zhou, Qixue Wang, Chao Yang, Can Xu, Xiangyu Fan, Yanli Tan, Yanan Wang, Chunsheng Kang, Chuan Fang
CANCER BIOLOGY & MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Chao Yang, Yanli Tan, Hongzhao Qi, Junhu Zhou, Lixia Long, Qi Zhan, Yunfei Wang, Xubo Yuan, Chunsheng Kang
CANCER BIOLOGY & MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Yubo Zhao, Yunfei Wang, Enyang Zhao, Yanli Tan, Bo Geng, Chunsheng Kang, Xuedong Li
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lin Wang, Chao Yang, Qixue Wang, Qi Liu, Yunfei Wang, Junhu Zhou, Yansheng Li, Yanli Tan, Chunsheng Kang
Article
Oncology
Hongyu Zhao, Yunfei Wang, Chao Yang, Junhu Zhou, Lin Wang, Kaikai Yi, Yansheng Li, Qixue Wang, Jin Shi, Chunsheng Kang, Liang Zeng
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yansheng Li, Xing Liu, Xiaoteng Cui, Yanli Tan, Qixue Wang, Yunfei Wang, Can Xu, Chuan Fang, Chunsheng Kang
Summary: The study identified a novel cancer driver lncRNA named PRADX in glioblastoma and colon adenocarcinoma, which is highly expressed in tumor cells and tissues. Through various experiments, PRADX was found to interact with EZH2 protein, increase H3K27 trimethylation in the UBXN1 gene promoter, and promote NF-KB activity by suppressing UBXN1. Knockdown of PRADX inhibited tumor cell viability and growth both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for these cancers.