Article
Oncology
Xinming Song, Pintian Wang, Ruiling Feng, Mandika Chetry, E. Li, Xiaohua Wu, Zewa Liu, Shasha Liao, Jing Lin
Summary: The study aimed to examine the clinicopathological variables associated with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in ER-positive or HER2-negative patients, and propose nomograms for predicting individual risk. Using Cox regression analysis, independent predictors of DFS and OS were selected, and nomograms were generated to predict DFS and OS.
CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Thi Truc Anh Nguyen, Lauren M. Postlewait, Chao Zhang, Jane L. Meisel, Ruth O'Regan, Sunil Badve, Kevin Kalinsky, Xiaoxian Li
Summary: This study demonstrates that the metastatic rate is very low for T1a and T1b ER+ / HER2- / LN- breast cancer. RS analysis may not be necessary for treatment decision-making in low-grade T1a tumors, but should be strongly considered in high-grade T1a or T1b tumors.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Paul Weisman, Monica Ospina-Romero, Qiqi Yu, Kari Wisinski, Jin Xu
Summary: This study found that in HER2+ breast cancer patients, tumors with low ER expression have a similar pathological response to chemotherapy as ER-negative tumors, while tumors with high ER expression have a higher risk of residual cancer.
PATHOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Byeongju Kang, Jeeyeon Lee, Jin Hyang Jung, Wan Wook Kim, Heejung Keum, Ho Yong Park
Summary: The clinical features and prognosis of breast cancer vary depending on the molecular subtype, especially in the case of luminal B breast cancer. This study examined the clinicopathologic factors and survival rates of luminal B breast cancer based on HER2 status. The results showed that survival differed significantly based on molecular subtype, and treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy also impacted prognosis.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Peiling Xie, Rui An, Shibo Yu, Jianjun He, Huimin Zhang
Summary: This study identified and validated five heterogeneous immune subtypes among ER+/PR-/HER2- breast cancer, each with distinct cellular and molecular characteristics, potential immune escape mechanisms, genomic drivers, and clinical outcomes. An immune-cold subtype had a poorer prognosis, while an immune-hot subtype showed the highest infiltration of immune cells and a better prognosis. The analysis revealed a complex immune landscape with discrete clusters and a continuous spectrum.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Lin He, Ellen Araj, Yan Peng
Summary: This study compared clinicopathologic features of HER2(+) and HER2(-) cILCs, revealing that HER2(+) cILCs have higher Ki-67 expression, lower ER expression, are diagnosed at a younger age, more common in the left breast, and have a higher frequency of metastases. These features suggest HER2(+) cILCs may have more aggressive behavior. Future directions include conducting a larger multi-institutional study, comparing molecular profiles through NGS assay, and comparing molecular characteristics with HER2(+) high grade breast cancer to provide insight for management and avoid unnecessary treatment and toxicity.
Article
Oncology
Kang Wang, Lun Li, Sebastia Franch-Exposito, Xin Le, Jun Tang, Qing Li, Qianxue Wu, Laia Bassaganyas, Jordi Camps, Xiang Zhang, Hongyuan Li, Theodoros Foukakis, Tingxiu Xiang, Jiong Wu, Guosheng Ren
Summary: High-grade ER(+)HER2(-) breast cancer shows distinct clinical and molecular characteristics compared to low-grade tumors, with a worse prognosis, suggesting the need for clinical trials to test novel therapies.
MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Aaron M. Hosios, Brendan D. Manning
Summary: Research has deepened the understanding of oncogenic control of metabolism, particularly glycolysis. Current focus is on understanding the benefits and risks associated with glycolytic metabolism, and finding inhibitors that could be clinically beneficial for targeting glycolytic cancer cells.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chundi Gao, Huayao Li, Chao Zhou, Cun Liu, Jing Zhuang, Lijuan Liu, Changgang Sun
Summary: Using bioinformatics techniques, this study identified differentially expressed metabolic genes in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer. Specific transcriptional changes in metabolism-related genes were found to be biomarkers for predicting patient prognosis, and a risk scoring system based on these genes showed higher predictive sensitivity than other clinical factors.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Hanne Vos, Kathleen Lambein, Francois Richard, Bram Marien, Ines Nevelsteen, Kevin Punie, Hans Wildiers, Lieze Berben, Annouschka Laenen, Giuseppe Floris, Christine Desmedt, Ann Smeets
Summary: The study compared the tumor immune microenvironment between TNBC and hormone receptor-negative HER2-positive breast cancer, showing comparable results that may have implications for the use of immune checkpoint inhibition in patients with hormone receptor-negative HER2-positive breast tumors.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Benoite Mery, Coralie Poulard, Muriel Le Romancer, Olivier Tredan
Summary: The AKT protein kinase has a key role in breast cancer, particularly in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, where hyperactivation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway leads to treatment resistance. AKT inhibitors and PI3K/mTOR inhibitors have been developed and approved for the treatment of this type of breast cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nindo B. Punturi, Sinem Seker, Vaishnavi Devarakonda, Aloran Mazumder, Rashi Kalra, Ching Hui Chen, Shunqiang Li, Tina Primeau, Matthew J. Ellis, Shyam M. Kavuri, Svasti Haricharan
Summary: Resistance to endocrine treatment in ER+ breast cancer patients is linked to activation of HER2 due to loss of mismatch repair, and inhibiting HER2 restores sensitivity to treatment. Loss of MutL and upregulation of HER2 are associated with sensitivity to HER inhibitors in ER+/HER2(-) patients.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yutian Zou, Shaoquan Zheng, Xinhua Xie, Feng Ye, Xiaoqian Hu, Zhi Tian, Shu-Mei Yan, Lu Yang, Yanan Kong, Yuhui Tang, Wenwen Tian, Jindong Xie, Xinpei Deng, Yan Zeng, Zhe-Sheng Chen, Hailin Tang, Xiaoming Xie
Summary: FGFR4 inhibition enhances sensitivity to anti-HER2 treatment in resistant breast cancer cells by triggering ferroptosis.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alicia Garrido, Leticia Perez-Sisques, Cristina Simonet, Genis Campoy-Campos, Julia Solana-Balaguer, Nuria Martin-Flores, Manel Fernandez, Marta Soto, Donina Obiang, Ana Camara, Francesc Valldeoriola, Esteban Munoz, Yaroslau Compta, Esther Perez-Navarro, Jordi Alberch, Eduardo Tolosa, Maria-Jose Marti, Mario Ezquerra, Cristina Malagelada, Ruben Fernandez-Santiago
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether differential phosphorylation states of blood markers can identify patients with LRRK2 Parkinson's disease (PD). It was found that there were specific increases of P-Ser-473-AKT levels in all G2019S carriers, either L2PD or L2NMC, absent in iPD.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
J. -S. Frenel, A. Lusque, S. Delaloge, J. -M. Ferrero, T. Bachelot, I. Desmoulins, C. Levy, J. -C. Eymard, A. Goncalves, A. Patsouris, M. A. Mouret Reynier, M. J. -C. Thery, T. Petit, L. Cabel, L. Uwer, M. Debled, M. Chevrot, A. Mailliez, W. Jacot, T. de la Motte Rouge
Summary: The efficacy of endocrine therapy in HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer could be influenced by the presence of BRCA1/2 germline mutation. In this study, it was found that patients with gBRCAm mutation had lower overall survival and first-line progression-free survival after first-line endocrine therapy, but no difference was observed in patients who received first-line chemotherapy.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Robyn L. Prueitt, Wenchao Li, Lariah Edwards, Jieqiong Zhou, Julie E. Goodman
Summary: This study used a transparent systematic review framework to evaluate the associations between long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 concentrations and mortality in North America. Despite some studies reporting positive associations, the weak nature of these associations and various methodological issues have led to uncertainties in the evidence from these studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniele Mancardi, Pasquale Pagliaro, Lisa A. Ridnour, Carlo G. Tocchetti, Katrina Miranda, Magdalena Juhaszova, Steven J. Sollott, David A. Wink, Nazareno Paolocci
Summary: Nitroxyl (HNO), the one electron-reduction product of nitric oxide (NO), can limit ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury by inhibiting the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). This study provides insights into the mechanisms of HNO-mediated cardioprotection.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Steven R. Boomhower, Christopher M. Long, Wenchao Li, Tatiana D. Manidis, Arunika Bhatia, Julie E. Goodman
Summary: The study found a certain degree of correlation between short-term ambient PM2.5 levels and personal PM2.5 levels. The correlation was higher in summer compared to winter, and higher in Canada compared to the USA and China, as well as stronger in urban areas compared to suburban areas.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amir M. Alsharabasy, Sharon Glynn, Pau Farras, Abhay Pandit
Summary: The study investigated the binding affinity of hemin with (NO)-N-?, the internalization of hemin into MDA-MB-231 cells, and the changes in intracellular nitrated proteins. It also examined the nitration of bovine serum albumin after treatment with hemin and (NO)-N-?, considering factors such as reaction medium pH, H2O2 generation, and tyrosine residue oxidation. The results showed that hemin nitrosylation enhanced cellular uptake, induced protein nitration, and depended on (NO)-N-? concentration and reaction medium pH, with protein scavenging effects playing a crucial role.
NITRIC OXIDE-BIOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amy J. Burke, Jake D. McAuliffe, Alessandro Natoni, Sarah Ridge, Francis J. Sullivan, Sharon A. Glynn
Summary: NO plays a key role in the development and metastasis of prostate cancer, leading to DNA damage, cell migration, and increased resistance to chemotherapy.
NITRIC OXIDE-BIOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Tejaswini P. Reddy, Sharon A. Glynn, Timothy R. Billiar, David A. Wink, Jenny C. Chang
Summary: Targeted therapies that reduce cancer metastasis, target chemoresistant cancer stem cells, and enhance the efficacy of systemic chemo/radiotherapies are crucial in reducing cancer-related mortality. Targeting nitric oxide synthase (NOS), a protein in the tumor microenvironment, has shown promise as a therapeutic strategy in various solid malignancies. This review examines the role of nitric oxide (NO) in tumor progression and metastasis, as well as preclinical studies evaluating NOS inhibitors as anticancer therapies. The prospects and challenges of using NOS inhibitors in a clinical setting are also discussed.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Steven R. Boomhower, Julie E. Goodman, Christopher M. Long, Tatiana D. Manidis
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Veena Somasundaram, Lisa A. Ridnour, Robert Ys Cheng, Abigail J. Walke, Noemi Kedei, Dibyangana D. Bhattacharyya, Adelaide L. Wink, Elijah F. Edmondson, Donna Butcher, Andrew C. Warner, Tiffany H. Dorsey, David A. Scheiblin, William Heinz, Richard J. Bryant, Robert J. Kinders, Stanley Lipkowitz, Stephen T. C. Wong, Milind Pore, Stephen M. Hewitt, Daniel W. McVicar, Stephen K. Anderson, Jenny Chang, Sharon A. Glynn, Stefan Ambs, Stephen J. Lockett, David A. Wink
Summary: The levels of NOS2/COX2 in tumors influence the polarization and spatial location of lymphoid cells, including CD8(+) T cells. High levels of NOS2/COX2 are associated with the exclusion of CD8(+) T cells from the tumor epithelium. The drug inhibitor indomethacin can improve the penetration ability of CD8(+) T cells and reduce tumor growth, leading to tumor regression.
Article
Oncology
Maeve Bailey-Whyte, Tsion Z. Minas, Tiffany H. Dorsey, Cheryl J. Smith, Christopher A. Loffredo, Stefan Ambs
Summary: This study investigates the association between four systemic inflammation indices and prostate cancer mortality. It finds that three of these indices are significantly associated with all-cause and prostate cancer-specific mortality among all men and African American men, suggesting that inflammation indices could be predictors of prostate cancer mortality.
Article
Oncology
Balint Cserni, Darren Kilmartin, Mark O'Loughlin, Xavier Andreu, Zsuzsanna Bago-Horvath, Simonetta Bianchi, Ewa Chmielik, Paulo Figueiredo, Giuseppe Floris, Maria Pia Foschini, Aniko Kovacs, Paivi Heikkila, Janina Kulka, Anne-Vibeke Laenkholm, Inta Liepniece-Karele, Caterina Marchio, Elena Provenzano, Peter Regitnig, Angelika Reiner, Ales Ryska, Anna Sapino, Elisabeth Specht Stovgaard, Cecily Quinn, Vasiliki Zolota, Mark Webber, Sharon A. Glynn, Rita Bori, Erika Csorgo, Orsolya Olah-Nemeth, Tamas Pancsa, Anita Sejben, Istvan Sejben, Andras Voros, Tamas Zombori, Tibor Nyari, Grace Callagy, Gabor Cserni
Summary: Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) reflect the host's response against tumours, especially in triple-negative breast cancers. ONEST helps in estimating the number of observers required for a more reliable estimation of inter-observer agreement in TIL assessments, which has not been explored previously. This analysis suggests that between six and nine pathologists can provide a good approximation of inter-observer agreement in TIL assessments.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert Y. S. Cheng, Sandra Burkett, Stefan Ambs, Terry Moody, David A. A. Wink, Lisa A. A. Ridnour
Summary: The small signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO) is associated with chronic inflammation and cancer. NO can have both protective and damaging effects on cells depending on its concentration and exposure time. In this study, chronic exposure to NO was found to cause altered phenotypes in breast epithelial cells, including changes in cellular morphology, genomic stability, and RNA and protein expression. These altered phenotypes were associated with malignant characteristics, such as increased expression of cancer stem cell marker CD44 and enhanced motility.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Julie E. Goodman, Michael J. Becich, David M. Bernstein, Bruce W. Case, Jeffrey H. Mandel, Andre E. Nel, Robert Nolan, Nnaemeka U. Odo, Steven R. Smith, Emanuela Taioli, Graham Gibbs
Summary: The presentations in this session of the Monticello II conference aimed to summarize the current knowledge on asbestiform and non-asbestiform elongate mineral particles (EMPs) and the risks of mesothelioma. Case reports of mesothelioma were discussed, along with the weak or lacking evidence on non-asbestiform EMPs and the importance of establishing mesothelioma registries. The session also covered the National Mesothelioma Virtual Bank, the consensus on the potential of long, durable asbestiform EMPs to cause mesothelioma, and experimental studies on engineered nanomaterials.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Amir M. Alsharabasy, Amal Aljaabary, Raghvendra Bohara, Pau Farras, Sharon A. Glynn, Abhay Pandit
Summary: The study demonstrates that hemin can be used as a potential anticancer agent by scavenging nitric oxide (NO), inhibiting cancer cell migration, and regulating the expression of migration-associated proteins.
ACS PHARMACOLOGY & TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2023)