Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paola De Magistris
Summary: Nuclear export of mRNA through the NPC is crucial for protein translation in eukaryotic cells, with mRNAs forming ribonuclear particles with proteins for translocation. mRNPs undergo compositional and conformational changes during NPC transport, with multiple quality control steps to ensure proper export of mature transcripts to the cytoplasm. Opportunities for mechanistic understanding of nuclear export are mentioned in the review.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Praveen Kumar Kathare, Enamul Huq
Summary: The article summarizes the role of phytochromes in regulating plant growth and development, particularly in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing process.
CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shengyan Gao, Matthew Esparza, Ishmael Dehghan, Vasilisa Aksenova, Ke Zhang, Kimberly Batten, Max B. Ferretti, Bridget E. Begg, Tolga Cagatay, Jerry W. Shay, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Elizabeth J. Goldsmith, Zhijian J. Chen, Mary Dasso, Kristen W. Lynch, Melanie H. Cobb, Beatriz M. A. Fontoura
Summary: This study reveals that the cellular protein kinase TAO2 plays a critical role in the formation and function of nuclear speckles. Depletion or inhibition of TAO2 disrupts nuclear speckle structure and decreases the levels of proteins involved in nuclear speckle assembly and splicing, leading to compromised splicing and nuclear export of influenza virus M mRNA and inhibition of viral replication.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sierra L. L. Love, Joseph D. D. Emerson, Kazunori Koide, Aaron A. A. Hoskins
Summary: Pre-mRNA splicing is a crucial step in human gene expression, carried out by a macromolecular machine known as the spliceosome. Mutations in this machinery can lead to various human diseases. This review provides an overview of the main features of the pre-mRNA splicing machinery in humans and how changes in its components' function can result in diseases ranging from blindness to cancers. The article also discusses drugs that interact with the spliceosome to alter splicing outcomes and speculates on future treatments for spliceosomopathies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christophe Rachez, Rachel Legendre, Mickael Costallat, Hugo Varet, Jia Yi, Etienne Kornobis, Christian Muchardt
Summary: HP1 proteins, known for marking heterochromatin and gene silencing, are also RNA-binding proteins. HP1 gamma, in particular, is targeted to hexameric RNA motifs and SINE transposable elements, tethering unspliced pre-mRNA to chromatin through intronic regions and limiting the usage of intronic cryptic splice sites during transcription. This reveals new insights into the relationship between chromatin and co-transcriptional splicing.
Review
Oncology
Sunkyung Choi, Namjoon Cho, Eun-Mi Kim, Kee K. Kim
Summary: Alternative pre-mRNA splicing plays a critical role in generating multiple mRNA and increasing protein diversity. Specific splicing isoforms have been found to be important in cellular processes, particularly in regulating cell numbers. Abnormal expression of splicing isoforms and factors, as well as disruptions in splicing caused by genetic mutations, are implicated in cancer development and progression. Alternative splicing has potential as a therapeutic target for cancer.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Praveen Kumar Kathare, Ruijiao Xin, Abirama Sundari Ganesan, Viviana M. June, Anireddy S. N. Reddy, Enamul Huq
Summary: Light signals have significant effects on the physiology, growth, and development of plants. SWAP1, an RNA-binding splicing factor, regulates light-regulated alternative splicing by interacting with other splicing factors and photoactivated phyB.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yang Pan, John W. Phillips, Beatrice D. Zhang, Miyako Noguchi, Eric Kutschera, Jami McLaughlin, Pavlo A. Nesterenko, Zhiyuan Mao, Nathanael J. Bangayan, Robert Wang, Wendy Tran, Harry T. Yang, Yuanyuan Wang, Yang Xu, Matthew B. Obusan, Donghui Cheng, Alex H. Lee, Kathryn E. Kadash-Edmondson, Ameya Champhekar, Cristina Puig-Saus, Antoni Ribas, Robert M. Prins, Christopher S. Seet, Gay M. Crooks, Owen N. Witte, Yi Xing
Summary: This study describes a computational platform called IRIS that can discover tumor antigens derived from alternative splicing, providing potential targets for TCR and CAR-T immunotherapies. Through the analysis of transcriptomics and immuno-peptidomics data, the study demonstrates that the predicted targets by IRIS can bind with HLA molecules. The study illustrates the contribution of alternative splicing to the repertoire of tumor antigens and demonstrates the utility of IRIS in discovering AS-derived antigens and expanding cancer immunotherapies.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Shinsuke Araki, Momoko Ohori, Masato Yugami
Summary: This review summarizes recent progress in the relationship between druggable splicing-related molecules and cancer, highlights small-molecule splicing modulators, and discusses future perspectives of splicing modulation for personalized and combination therapies in cancer treatment.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Changshou Wang, Lin Xu, Chen Du, Hao Yun, Keyun Wang, Hui Liu, Mingliang Ye, Jing Fan, Yu Zhou, Hong Cheng
Summary: CDK11 is a potential druggable target for cancer therapy, as it plays important roles in phosphorylating transcription and splicing factors and facilitating cell cycle progression in cancer cells. This study reveals that CDK11 forms a tight complex with cyclins L1/L2 and SAP30BP, and that SAP30BP is a critical activator of CDK11, regulating global pre-mRNA splicing.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chrysa Taze, Sotiria Drakouli, Martina Samiotaki, George Panayotou, George Simos, Eleni Georgatsou, Ilias Mylonis
Summary: The cellular response to hypoxia involves both HIF-dependent transcriptional reprogramming and less explored transcription-independent processes, such as alternative splicing of VEGFA transcript. This study shows that the splicing machinery is reorganized after short-term hypoxia, triggered by ROS production and intranuclear redistribution of nucleoskeletal proteins SAFB1/2. This remodeling of the nuclear architecture promotes the production of splicing variants that facilitate adaptation to hypoxia.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tania Bishola Tshitenge, Christine Clayton
Summary: The RNA-binding protein DRBD18 in Trypanosoma brucei is involved in the export and processing of mRNA through binding to polypyrimidine tract motifs in the 3'-untranslated regions of mRNA precursors.
Article
Cell Biology
Yanfei Wang, Cuiqiao Zhang, Wu Peng, Haibo Du, Yuehui Xi, Zhigang Xu
Summary: This study further explored the role of RBM24 in hearing and balance through conditional knockout mice and found that the loss of RBM24 results in severe deficits. It was observed that the development of hair cells was significantly affected, leading to degeneration and disorganization of the hair bundles. RNAseq analysis also identified several genes whose mRNA stability or pre-mRNA alternative splicing is affected by RBM24 knockout.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biology
Miroslava Kretova, Tomas Selicky, Ingrid Cipakova, Lubos Cipak
Summary: Pre-mRNA splicing is a crucial process in eukaryotic cells to generate mature messenger RNAs for protein synthesis. The splicing process involves the removal of non-coding regions (introns) and joining of coding regions (exons) in pre-mRNAs. The spliceosome, composed of various proteins and factors, carries out the specific steps of splicing. Recent studies have revealed that post-translational modifications of splicing factors play significant roles in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing, including phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination, and sumoylation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hyun-Ji Park, Hae-Myeong Jung, Areum Lee, Seung-Hee Jo, Hyo-Jun Lee, Hyun-Soon Kim, Choon-Kyun Jung, Sung-Ran Min, Hye-Sun Cho
Summary: OsFKBP20-1b is SUMOylated under stress conditions in rice, leading to enhanced protein stability and interaction with OsSUMO1 and OsSUMO2. The low SUMOylation level of 5KR_OsFKBP20-1b results in inadequate association with U snRNAs in response to heat stress, affecting RNA processing.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
