Article
Hematology
Camille Rasmussen, Laurence Gerard, Jehane Fadlallah, Emilie Corvilain, Lionel Galicier, Veronique Meignin, Eric Oksenhendler, David Boutboul
Summary: This retrospective study analyzed the treatment outcome of 99 HHV8(+) MCD patients with rituximab-based therapy. The study found that HIV- status, high HHV8 viral load, and elevated serum CRP levels were independent risk factors for disease progression after rituximab-induced complete remission. The study also suggested that HIV+ patients had a lower progression rate, possibly due to immune restoration upon antiretroviral therapy.
Article
Hematology
Gregoire Martin de Fremont, Anthony Vanjak, Zineb Sbihi, Silene Knapp, Margaux Garzaro, Marwa Chbihi, Benjamin Fournier, Justine Poirot, Antoine Dossier, Marc-Antoine Silvestrini, Juliette Villemonteix, Veronique Meignin, Lionel Galicier, Remi Bertinchamp, Jerome Le Goff, Maud Salmona, Edouard Flamarion, Charles Cassius, Celeste Lebbe, Anne Marie Ronchetti, Sylvain Latour, Eric Oksenhendler, Guislaine Carcelain, David Boutboul
Summary: Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)/human herpesvirus 8-associated multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) is a B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder that occurs in immunocompromised hosts. The diagnosis relies on lymph node biopsy and the presence of KSHV-infected cells. In this study, IgM+lambda+CD38high cells were found in the peripheral blood of patients with active KSHV-MCD, showing KSHV infection and expressing both latent and lytic KSHV transcripts. These KSHV-infected viroblasts (KIVs) have a distinct phenotype compared to conventional plasmablasts and exhibit immune escape mechanisms.
Article
Oncology
Melitah Motlhale, Mazvita Muchengeti, Debbie Bradshaw, Wenlong Carl Chen, Mwiza Gideon Singini, Chantal Babb de Villiers, Cathryn M. M. Lewis, Noemi Bender, Christopher G. G. Mathew, Robert Newton, Tim Waterboer, Elvira Singh, Freddy Sitas
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection, HIV-1 infection, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) rollout in South Africa. The findings show that KSHV seropositivity is higher in males and individuals with HIV, and lower in individuals with higher levels of education. KSHV seroprevalence decreases over time, coinciding with ART rollout and improvements in educational standards and hygiene.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Razia Moorad, Edwards Kasonkanji, Joe Gumulira, Yolanda Gondwe, Morgan Dewey, Yue Pan, Alice Peng, Linda J. J. Pluta, Evaristar Kudowa, Richard Nyasosela, Tamiwe Tomoka, Hannock Tweya, Tom Heller, Salem Gugsa, Sam Phiri, Dominic T. T. Moore, Blossom Damania, Matthew Painschab, Mina C. C. Hosseinipour, Dirk P. P. Dittmer
Summary: A prospective cohort study in Malawi enrolled 122 HIV-positive KS patients and treated them with standard care. The one-year overall survival was 61%, progression-free survival was 58%, and the 48-week complete response rate was 35%. The study found that KS lesions can be differentiated into two types with different molecular compositions, suggesting heterogeneous clinical response to treatment and the development of KS in PLWH with well-controlled HIV infection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Julio Flores-Gonzalez, Lucero A. Ramon-Luing, Ranferi Ocana-Guzman, Ivette Buendia-Roldan, Beda Islas-Munoz, Patricia Volkow-Fernandez, Leslie Chavez-Galan
Summary: This study evaluated the frequency and phenotype of natural killer subpopulation cells in people living with HIV and Kaposi sarcoma, and found that the immune response of the patients was enhanced in those treated with valganciclovir plus antiretroviral therapy.
Review
Virology
Blossom Damania, Dirk P. Dittmer
Summary: This review provides an overview of the diverse manifestations of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) under various circumstances. It discusses the historical background of KS and KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), highlights the clinical diversity of KS presentations, summarizes our understanding of the tumor's cell of origin, explores KSHV viral load as a potential biomarker for acute infections and KS-related complications, and discusses immune modulators that affect KSHV infection, persistence, and KS disease.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tung-Ying Chen, Horng-Woei Yang, Dar-Shong Lin, Zo-Darr Huang, Lung Chang
Summary: This study detected the presence of HIV and KSHV in HIV+ KS samples and classic KS controls using ddPCR and ISH techniques. The results demonstrated that HIV can infect CD34 (+) tumor cells and coexist with KSHV in KS.
Article
Immunology
I-Fan Lin, Jiun-Nong Lin, Tsung-Heng Tsai, Chao-Tien Hsu, Yu-Ying Wu, Chung-Hsu Lai
Summary: This case report presents a rare case of coexistence of multicentric Castleman disease and Kaposi sarcoma in a 46-year-old man with HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy. The patient experienced rapid deterioration during hospitalization and died of multi-organ failure before completing chemotherapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Lucero A. Ramon-Luing, Julio Flores-Gonzalez, Luis Angel Garcia-Rojas, Beda Islas-Munoz, Patricia Volkow-Fernandez, Leslie Chavez-Galan
Summary: This study found that the use of Valganciclovir (VGC) as add-on therapy in disseminated Kaposi Sarcoma/human immunodeficiency virus (DKS/HIV) patients can modulate the activation of CD4+ T cell subsets and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor levels, suggesting better regulation of the inflammatory status.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Sara R. R. Privatt, Owen Ngalamika, Jianshui Zhang, Qinsheng Li, Charles Wood, John T. T. West
Summary: Despite the widespread use of ART and decreased HIV incidence, Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) remains highly prevalent in certain regions. Currently, there are no preventative measures or curative therapies for KS. A study has identified potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for KS based on transcriptomic profiles from KS lesions and validated the expression of certain glycoproteins in human KS lesions and KSHV-infected cell line-derived mouse xenografts.
Article
Immunology
Peter Julius, Guobin Kang, Stepfanie Siyumbwa, Jane Musumali, For Yue Tso, Owen Ngalamika, Trevor Kaile, Fred Maate, Phyllis Moonga, John T. West, Peter Angeletti, Charles Wood
Summary: This case report presents a rare occurrence of co-infection and co-localization of KSHV and EBV in KS arising from the conjunctiva. The possibility of interactions between these two viruses within the same lesion is indicated. Further study is needed to determine the prevalence of EBV co-infection in KS and its impact on KS development and progression.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Antonino Carbone, Margaret Borok, Blossom Damania, Annunziata Gloghini, Mark N. Polizzotto, Raj K. Jayanthan, David C. Fajgenbaum, Mark Bower
Summary: Castleman disease consists of unicentric and multicentric types, with different clinical presentations depending on the presence of Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV). The interaction between KSHV and HIV increases the risk for various KSHV-induced disorders. Diagnosis and treatment of Castleman disease involve a multidimensional approach, including clinical, pathological, and molecular virology aspects.
NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Angela Nalwoga, Katherine R. Sabourin, Wendell Miley, Conner Jackson, Mahdi Maktabi, Nazzarena Labo, Joseph Mugisha, Denise Whitby, Rosemary Rochford, Robert Newton
Summary: Previously, it was found that asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) malaria infection is associated with increased Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) viral load and antibody levels. The current study further investigated the association between clinical malaria and KSHV seropositivity and antibody levels. The results showed a significant association between clinical malaria and increased KSHV seropositivity and antibody levels.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
A. Zer, O. Icht, L. Yosef, D. Avram, O. Jacobi, E. Fenig, N. Kurman, I Peretz, S. Shamai, O. Merimsky, E. Ben-Ami, R. Shapira Frommer, A. E. Schwarzbach, H. Bernstine, R. Weitzen, O. Vornicova, G. Bar-Sela, S. M. Stemmer, M. Lotem
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of nivolumab in combination with ipilimumab in cKS patients. The combination therapy showed promising activity and low toxicity in cKS patients. This study provides a new treatment option for cKS patients.
ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Carolina Caro-Vegas, Alice Peng, Angelica Juarez, Allison Silverstein, William Kamiyango, Jimmy Villiera, Casey L. Mcatee, Rizine Mzikamanda, Tamiwe Tomoka, Erin C. Peckham-Gregory, Razia Moorad, Carrie L. Kovarik, Liane R. Campbell, Parth S. Mehta, Peter N. Kazembe, Carl E. Allen, Michael E. Scheurer, Nmazuo W. Ozuah, Dirk P. Dittmer, Nader Kim El-Mallawany
Summary: Pediatric Kaposi sarcoma in Eastern and Central Africa presents unique clinical features compared to adult KS, with primary lymph node involvement, lack of cutaneous lesions in some cases, and potential for rapid disease progression. The study found high levels of KSHV genome copies and IL-6/IL-10 levels in pediatric KS patients, suggesting a possible association with disease severity. Additionally, a subset of biopsies showed a viral transcription pattern consistent with lytic viral replication.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Scheryll Alken, Cormac Owens, Charles Gilham, Cliona Grant, Jane Pears, Sandra Deady, Aengus O'Marcaigh, Michael Capra, Deirdre O'Mahony, Owen Smith, Paul M. Walsh
IRISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wan Li, Qingxia Wang, Xiaoyu Qi, Yuanyuan Guo, Hongmei Lu, Yuheng Chen, Zhongmou Lu, Qin Yan, Xiaofei Zhu, Jae U. Jung, Giovanna Tosato, Shou-Jiang Gao, Chun Lu
Article
Oncology
Jeroen W. G. Derksen, Graham W. Warren, Karin Jordan, Stefan Rauh, Ruth Vera Garcia, Deirdre O'Mahony, Samreen Ahmed, Peter Vuylsteke, Sinisa Radulovic, Nikolaos Tsoukalas, Piotr J. Wysocki, Markus Borner, Alvydas Cesas, Anneli Elme, Heikki Minn, Gustav J. Ullenhag, Jeanine M. L. Roodhart, Miriam Koopman, Anne M. May
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Carolyn Moloney, Margaret Allen, Derek G. Power, Richard M. Bambury, Dearbhaile C. Collins, Dearbhaile M. O'Donnell, Deirdre O'Mahony, Seamus O'Reilly
Summary: Transgender and gender diverse patients diagnosed with cancer often present with advanced disease and face mental health issues and social exclusion; components of care requiring revision include pathways for changing names and gender, early access to psychological support, and targeted screening and support groups; providers should be aware of the specific needs of transgender individuals, such as using correct pronouns and inquiring about their preferences.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hidetaka Ohnuki, David J. Venzon, Alexei Lobanov, Giovanna Tosato
Summary: Gene expression in individual cells is regulated by various epigenetic mechanisms, but the predictive ability of epigenomic analysis for single cells is limited. A new method proposed in this study allows for the analysis of multiple components of the epigenome in the same single cell, enabling reanalysis and identification of reproduced reads. This method provides mechanistic insights for cellular phenotypes through multilayered epigenome analysis, with the ability to predict active signaling pathways in single cells.
Article
Oncology
Amanda Hanora Lavan, Deirdre O'Mahony, Denis O'Mahony, Paul Gallagher
Summary: The study found that potentially inappropriate medications and severe drug interactions are common in older adults with cancer, highlighting the importance of comprehensive medication evaluation by a specialist to reduce related adverse outcomes.
JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Lisa Prior, Richard O'Dwyer, Abdul Rehman Farooq, Megan Greally, Cian Ward, Connor O'Leary, Razia Aslam, Waseem Darwish, Nada Ahmed, Elly Che Othman, Geoffrey Watson, Deirdre Kelly, Jack Gleeson, Lisa Kiely, Anees Hassan, Elaine M. Walsh, David O'Reilly, Alfred Jones, Hannah Featherstone, Marvin Lim, Hazel Murray, Bryan T. Hennessy, Lillian M. Smyth, Gregory Leonard, Liam Grogan, Oscar Breathnach, Paula Calvert, Anne M. Horgan, Linda Coate, Emmet J. Jordan, Deirdre O'Mahony, Rajnish Gupta, Maccon M. Keane, Jennifer Westrup, Karen Duffy, Miriam O'Connor, Patrick G. Morris, M. John Kennedy, Seamus O'Reilly, John McCaffrey, Catherine M. Kelly, Desmond Carney, Giuseppe Gullo, John Crown, Michaela J. Higgins, Paul M. Walsh, Janice M. Walshe
Summary: Pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is defined as breast cancer diagnosed during pregnancy or in the first postpartum year. Despite its infrequent occurrence, the incidence of PABC appears to be rising due to the increasing trend of delaying childbirth. Patients with PABC may have poorer survival outcomes, necessitating further prospective data to optimize management of these patients.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yuyi Wang, Ombretta Salvucci, Hidetaka Ohnuki, Andy D. Tran, Taekyu Ha, Jing-Xin Feng, Michael DiPrima, Hyeongil Kwak, Dunrui Wang, Yanlin Yu, Michael Kruhlak, Giovanna Tosato
Summary: SHP2 is essential for promoting endothelial cell survival and growth in tumor vasculature remodeling. Inhibiting SHP2 activity leads to reduced tumor growth and degeneration of tumor vasculature. Combination of SHP2 inhibitors with Ang2/TIE2 inhibitors shows promise in effectively targeting the tumor endothelium.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Matthew R. Wilson, Toby A. Eyre, Amy A. Kirkwood, Nicole Wong Doo, Carole Soussain, Sylvain Choquet, Nicolas Martinez-Calle, Gavin Preston, Matthew Ahearne, Elisabeth Schorb, Marie-Pierre Moles-Moreau, Matthew Ku, Chiara Rusconi, Jahanzaib Khwaja, Mayur Narkhede, Katharine L. Lewis, Teresa Calimeri, Eric Durot, Loic Renaud, Andreas Kiesbye Ovlisen, Graham McIlroy, Timothy J. Ebsworth, Johnathan Elliot, Anna Santarsieri, Laure Ricard, Nimish Shah, Qin Liu, Adam S. Zayac, Francesco Vassallo, Laure Lebras, Louise Roulin, Naelle Lombion, Kate Manos, Ruben Fernandez, Nada Hamad, Alberto Lopez-Garcia, Deirdre O'Mahony, Praveen Gounder, Nathalie Forgeard, Charlotte Lees, Kossi Agbetiafa, Tim Struessmann, Thura Win Htut, Aline Clavert, Hamish Scott, Anna Guidetti, Brett R. Barlow, Emmanuelle Tchernonog, Jeffery Smith, Fiona Miall, Christopher P. Fox, Chan Y. Cheah, Tarec Christoffer El Galaly, Andres J. M. Ferreri, Kate Cwynarski, Pamela McKay
Summary: This study found no significant difference in the effectiveness of prophylactic high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) for preventing central nervous system (CNS) relapse in high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients, whether it was administered intercalated or at the end of R-CHOP/R-CHOP-like therapy. Older age and renal/adrenal involvement were identified as independent risk factors for CNS relapse.
Article
Oncology
Solange Peters, Sarah Danson, Dunson Ejedepang, Urania Dafni, Baktiar Hasan, Hoi-Shen Radcliffe, Frederique Bustin, Jacky Crequit, Linda Coate, Monica Guillot, Veerle Surmont, Daniel Rauch, Jakob Rudzki, Deirdre O'Mahony, Isidoro Barneto Aranda, Amina Scherz, Zoi Tsourti, Heidi Roschitzki-Voser, Alessia Pochesci, Gaston Demonty, Rolf A. Stahel, Mary O'Brien
Summary: In this pooled analysis, no statistically significant improvement was shown in PFS/OS with the combination of denosumab and chemotherapy for advanced NSCLC and no meaningful benefit in any of the subgroups.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Antonino Carbone, Margaret Borok, Blossom Damania, Annunziata Gloghini, Mark N. Polizzotto, Raj K. Jayanthan, David C. Fajgenbaum, Mark Bower
Summary: Castleman disease consists of unicentric and multicentric types, with different clinical presentations depending on the presence of Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV). The interaction between KSHV and HIV increases the risk for various KSHV-induced disorders. Diagnosis and treatment of Castleman disease involve a multidimensional approach, including clinical, pathological, and molecular virology aspects.
NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Michael Killian, Deirdre O'Mahony, Kate Murphy, Derbrenn O'Connor, Brian Bird, Conleth G. Murphy
Summary: This study examined the disparities in outcomes between breast cancer patients treated at a private hospital in Ireland and national outcome figures. The results showed superior outcomes for early breast cancer patients treated at the private hospital compared to national data, and potential reasons for this disparity include socioeconomic status, health-seeking behaviors, and underlying health status.
IRISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sandra Safo, Lillian Haine, Jason Baker, Cavan Reilly, Daniel D. Duprez, James K. Neaton, Mamta Jain, Alejandro Arenas-Pinto, Mark Polizzotto, Therese Staub, ESPRIT study grp, INSIGHT FIRST study grp, SMART study grp, START study grp
Summary: This study aims to predict cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in people living with HIV (PLWH) using protein biomarkers. By analyzing protein expression data from participants in 4 trials conducted by INSIGHT, researchers identified 8 protein biomarkers and developed a protein score for predicting CVD in PLWH. The protein score was found to be significantly associated with increased CVD risk and improved CVD prediction accuracy.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Douglas W. Blayney, Giovanni Bariani, Devika Das, Shaheenah Dawood, Michael Gnant, Roselle De Guzman, S. Eric Martin, Deirdre O'Mahony, Alex Roach, Paul Ruff, Carlos Sampaio, Jose Angel Sanchez, Verna Vanderpuye, Arif Kamal, Carolyn Hendricks
Summary: This report summarizes early insights on how the COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected cancer care delivery worldwide, with perspectives from eight different countries leading to key recommendations for improving access to care, developing new treatments for COVID-19 and cancer, utilizing telemedicine, and enhancing quality of care through data collection and communication.
JCO GLOBAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Douglas W. Blayney, Nafisa Albdelhafeez, Abdul Rahman Jazieh, Carlos Frederico Pinto, Adrian Udrea, Alex Roach, Devika Das, Stephen Grubbs, John Hamm, Mohammad Jahanzeb, Arif H. Kamal, Ronan J. Kelly, S. Eric Martin, Deirdre O'Mahony, Walter Birch, Ronda Bowman, Stephanie T. S. Crist, Amy Evers, Terry Gilmore, Meredith Klein, Robert Siegel
JCO GLOBAL ONCOLOGY
(2020)