Journal
BLOOD
Volume 114, Issue 27, Pages 5557-5566Publisher
AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY
DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-05-220434
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Funding
- Takeda Science Foundation in Japan
- National Institutes of Health [HL076540]
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Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) is a marker for endothelial-specific gene expression. We previously reported that the human VEGFR1 promoter (between -748 and +284) contains information for expression in the intact endothelium of transgenic mice. The objective of this study was to dissect the cis-regulatory elements underlying VEGFR1 promoter activity in vitro and in vivo. In primary endothelial cells, binding sites for E74-like factor 1 (ELF-1; between -49 and -52), cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding (CREB; between - 74 and - 81), and early growth response factor 1/3 (EGR-1/3; between - 16 to - 25) were shown to play a positive role in gene transcription, whereas a putative E26 transformation-specific sequence (ETS) motif between - 36 and - 39 had a net negative effect on promoter activity. When targeted to the Hprt locus of mice, mutations of the ELF-1 binding site and the CRE element reduced promoter activity in the embryonic vasculature and resulted in a virtual loss of expression in adult endothelium. Postnatally, the EGR binding site mutant displayed significantly reduced promoter activity in a subset of vascular beds. In contrast, mutation of the - 39 ETS site resulted in increased LacZ staining in multiple vascular beds. Together, these results provide new insights into the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of VEGFR1. (Blood. 2009; 114: 5557-5566)
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