Journal
BIPOLAR DISORDERS
Volume 17, Issue 3, Pages 315-322Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12266
Keywords
ADHD; bipolar disorder; diagnostic conversion; major depression
Categories
Funding
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital [V103E10-001]
Ask authors/readers for more resources
ObjectivesPrevious studies have found that attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in childhood and adolescence is associated with an increased risk of major depression and bipolar disorder in later life. However, the effect of ADHD comorbidity on the diagnostic conversion to bipolar disorder among patients with major depression is still uncertain. MethodsUsing the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, 58,023 subjects < 30years of age who had major depression with (n=1,193) or without (n=56,830) ADHD comorbidity between the years 2000 and 2008 were enrolled in our study. Subjects who developed bipolar disorder during the follow-up to the end of 2011 were identified. ResultsAdolescents and young adults who had major depression with ADHD comorbidity had an increased incidence of subsequent bipolar disorder (18.9% versus 11.2%, p<0.001) compared to those without ADHD. Cox regression analysis showed that ADHD comorbidity was an independent risk factor (hazard ratio=1.50, 95% confidence interval 1.30-1.72) predicting subsequent bipolar disorder among those with major depression, adjusting for demographic data and psychiatric comorbidities. ConclusionsPatients with comorbid diagnoses of major depression and ADHD had an increased risk of diagnostic conversion to bipolar disorder compared to those who had major depression alone. Further studies would be required to validate this finding and to investigate the possible underlying mechanisms.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available