Journal
BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
Volume 7, Issue 12, Pages 1451-1461Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/biot.201200076
Keywords
Biochemical engineering; GPCR; Membrane proteins; Membranes
Funding
- NSF CBET [1033268]
- NIH [T32 GH08550]
- NSF Graduate Research Fellowship
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys [1249200] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [1033268] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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There are a great variety of human membrane proteins, and these currently form the largest group of targets for marketed drugs. Despite the advances in drug design, however, promiscuity between drug molecules and targets often leads to undesired signaling effects, which result in unintended side effects. In this review, one family of membrane proteins - the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) - is used as a model to review experimental techniques that may be used to examine the activity of membrane proteins. As these receptors are highly relevant to healthy human physiology and represent the largest family of drug targets, they represent an excellent model for membrane proteins in general. We also review experimental evidence that suggests there may be multiple ways to target a GPCR - and by extension, membrane proteins - to more effectively target unhealthy phenotypes while reducing the occurrence and severity of side effects.
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