Journal
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 407, Issue 24, Pages 7435-7442Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8909-6
Keywords
ATR FT-IR spectroscopy; Chemometrics; Blood; Forensic investigation; Human origin
Funding
- National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, USA, Department of Justice [2011-DN-BX-K551, 2014-DN-BX-K016]
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Blood is one of the most common and informative forms of biological evidence found at a crime scene. A very crucial step in forensic investigations is identifying a blood stain's origin. The standard methods currently employed for analyzing blood are destructive to the sample and time-consuming. In this study, attenuated total reflection (ATR) Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is used as a confirmatory, nondestructive, and rapid method for distinction between human and animal (nonhuman) blood. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models were built and demonstrated complete separation between human and animal donors, as well as distinction between three separate species: human, cat, and dog. Classification predictions of unknown blood donors were performed by the model, resulting in 100 % accuracy. This study demonstrates ATR FT-IR spectroscopy's great potential for blood stain analysis and species discrimination, both in the lab and at a crime scene since portable ATR FT-IR instrumentation is commercially available.
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