Journal
BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
Volume 75, Issue 7, Pages 1371-1376Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1271/bbb.110221
Keywords
glycolipid; mannosylerythritol lipid; biosurfactant; sugarcane; Ustilago scitaminea
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Funding
- New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) of Japan [06A17501c]
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Mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs) are glycolipid biosurfactants excreted by fungal strains. They show not only excellent surface-active properties but also versatile biochemical actions. Ustilago scitaminea NBRC 32730 has been reported mainly to produce a mono-acetylated and di-acylated MEL, MEL-B, from sucrose as sole carbon source. In order to make biosurfactant production more efficient, we focused our attention on the use of sugarcane juice, one of the most economical resources. The fungal strain produced MEL-B at the yield of 12.7 g/L from only sugarcane juice containing 22.4% w/w sugars. Supplementation with organic (yeast extract, peptone, and urea) and inorganic (sodium nitrate and ammonium nitrate) nitrogen sources markedly enhanced the production yield. Of the nitrogen sources, urea gave the best yield. Under optimum conditions, the strain produced 25.1 g/L of MEL-B from the juice (19.3% sugars) supplemented with 1 g/L of urea in a jar fermenter at 25 degrees C over 7 d. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the surface-tension at the CMC for the present MEL-B were 3.7 x 10(-6) m and 25.2 mN/m respectively. On water-penetration scan, the biosurfactant efficiently formed the lamella phase (L) and myelins over a wide range of concentrations, indicating excellent surface-active and self-assembling properties. More significantly, the biosurfactant showed a ceramide-like skin-care property in a three-dimensional cultured human skin model. Thus, sugarcane juice is likely to be effective in glycolipid production by U. scitaminea NBRC 32730, and should facilitate the application of MELs.
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