Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter M. A. Calverley, Paul Phillip Walker
Summary: This review examines the overlap between asthma and COPD, known as ACO, and how it is defined and managed. It discusses the challenges in diagnosing and treating ACO patients, highlighting various phenotypes that could be part of ACO and suggesting ways for clinicians to manage patients with features of both asthma and COPD.
Review
Respiratory System
Mohammed A. Almeshari, Nowaf Y. Alobadidi, Elizabeth Sapey, Omar Usmani, Robert A. Stockley, James A. Stockley
Summary: This systematic review found evidence of small airway bronchodilator responsiveness in asthma and COPD. However, due to lack of consensus on assessment methods, studies showed significant heterogeneity in design. Further research is needed to determine how bronchodilator responsiveness should be assessed and its clinical impact in routine practice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiayin Diao, Maggie Lam, Karen J. Gregory, Katie Leach, Jane E. Bourke
Summary: Asthma is a heterogeneous chronic airway disease with a need for improved therapeutics. The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is upregulated in asthma and its agonist, spermine, contributes to bronchoconstriction. Negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) of CaSR have shown to inhibit inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in asthma models, but their effectiveness as bronchodilators compared to standard care is not yet established. This study demonstrates that different classes of CaSR NAMs can inhibit spermine-induced CaSR signaling and reverse airway contraction. CaSR NAMs also maintain their bronchodilator effects under conditions of beta(2)-adrenergic receptor desensitization. These findings support CaSR as a potential drug target and NAMs as alternative bronchodilators in asthma.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Omar S. Usmani, MeiLan K. Han, David A. Kaminsky, James Hogg, Josephine Hjoberg, Naimish Patel, Megan Hardin, Christina Keen, Stephen Rennard, Francois-Xavier Ble, Mary N. Brown
Summary: Identification of pathologic changes in early and mild obstructive lung disease has highlighted the importance of small airways in contributing to symptoms. However, current therapies target symptoms and physiological changes rather than underlying causes of airflow disruption. Newer functional and imaging techniques allow for better assessment of small airways dysfunction, but gaps in understanding remain regarding the role of small airways dysfunction in early disease.
Article
Respiratory System
Miguel Roman-Rodriguez, Alan Kaplan
Summary: The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease's 2021 strategy report highlights the differences between asthma and COPD, emphasizing the need for personalized treatment approaches for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It suggests following asthma guidelines for patients with suspected concurrent asthma, but also incorporating pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for COPD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Erin L. Tomaszewski, Mark J. Atkinson, Christer Janson, Niklas Karlsson, Barry Make, David Price, Helen K. Reddel, Claus F. Vogelmeier, Hana Mullerova, Paul W. Jones
Summary: The Chronic Airways Assessment Test (CAAT), a questionnaire adapted for patients with asthma and/or COPD, has been shown to be consistent and accurate in measuring overall health status in these patients.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Richard Kraemer, Hans-Juergen Smith, Fabian Gardin, Juerg Barandun, Stefan Minder, Lukas Kern, Martin H. Brutsche
Summary: This study found that evaluating bronchodilator response (BDR) based on plethysmographic parameters can more accurately detect COPD patients' response to bronchodilators, rather than relying solely on spirometric parameters. In BDR evaluation, considering the pre-test functional severity is crucial. Plethysmographic parameters demonstrated BDR at a significantly higher rate than spirometric parameters.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
(2021)
