Journal
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
Volume 63, Issue 10, Pages 710-716Publisher
ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2009.01.006
Keywords
Conophylline; Tabenaemontana divaricata; beta-Cells; Insulin; Diabetes mellitus; Oral administration
Funding
- New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry, Japan (NEDO)
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Conophylline, a vinca alkaloid from Ervatamia microphylla, is known to induce the differentiation of pancreatic precursor cells to insulin-producing cells. In the present research we examined the antidiabetic effects of this alkaloid in vivo by oral administration. Crude conophylline preparations were prepared from the leaves of Tabernaemontana divaricata collected in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. Conophylline was orally absorbed and showed an increase in its plasma level in both normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats. The plasma conophylline concentration reached its maximum from 1.5 to 3 h after a single oral administration and gradually decreased in 24 h. The alkaloid decreased the blood glucose level and increased the plasma insulin level in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats after repetitive administration for 15 days. Fasting blood glucose levels in rats treated orally with conophylline at 0.11 and 0.46 mg/kg/day were 411 +/- 47 and 381 +/- 65 mg/dl, respectively; whereas the glucose level of the control rats was 435 +/- 46 mg/dl. Conophylline also decreased the fasting blood glucose level in Goto-Kakizaki rats in a dose-dependent manner after repetitive administration for 42 days. These results suggest that the extract from conophylline-containing leaves may be useful as a functional food for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. (C) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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