Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Beheshteh Sohrabi, Reza Jafari, Atiye Seidi
Summary: Research on the wettability of graphene and graphene-based devices has found that the polarization effect on the interaction between water droplets and graphene is significant but often overlooked. When using suitable substrates like metals for graphene-based devices, certain metals such as Cu, Ag, and Au do not alter the intrinsic electronic properties of graphene.
COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shahid Husain, Nupur Pandey, Nisha Fatma, Sanjay Pant, Mohan Singh Mehata
Summary: The effect of solvents on the absorption and fluorescence spectra of 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid was investigated. It was found that the polarity and hydrogen bonding ability of solvents can modify its spectral characteristics. The solvent acidity and dipolarity were shown to influence the absorption and fluorescence spectra. The preferential solvation concept was used to explain the spectral variations in different solvents.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shivaraj A. Patil, Prajakta S. Kadolkar, Manjunath N. Wari, Sanjeev R. Inamdar
Summary: In this study, the spectroscopic behavior and dipole moments of four structurally similar coumarin dyes were investigated in aqueous DMSO and aqueous DMA using absorption and fluorescence emission spectroscopy. It was found that solute dipole moments are influenced by solute-solvent interactions, with an increase in solvent polarity leading to changes in dipole moments and Stokes shift. The higher mu(e) compared to mu(g) in all solvents indicates the presence of intramolecular charge transfer. Additionally, electronic structure and spectroscopic properties of Coumarins were studied in different solvent phases using DFT/TD-DFT calculations and analysis methods such as HOMO-LUMO, MEP, and NBO.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Optics
R. Mitra, V. S. Prasannaa, R. F. Garcia Ruiz, T. K. Sato, M. Abe, Y. Sakemi, B. P. Das, B. K. Sahoo
Summary: Detailed theoretical studies of diatomic molecules containing superheavy lawrencium nuclei reveal their sensitivity to electron electric dipole moment and nucleus-electron interactions, which are found to be significantly better than other known molecules. Additionally, these superheavy molecules exhibit a substantial enhancement in CP-violating scalar-pseudoscalar nucleus-electron interactions.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
J. G. Lee, E. G. Adelberger, F. Marcoline, W. A. Terrano, B. R. Heckel
Summary: The study utilized two Eot-Wash torsion balance instruments to test the short-distance properties of gravity and constrain exotic dipole-dipole and monopole-dipole interactions. Efficient analytic techniques were discussed for computing expected torques in the instruments, taking into account Newtonian and Yukawa interactions, as well as dipole-dipole and monopole-dipole torques. The research also presented a new Fourier-Bessel expansion for inverse-power-law (IPL) potentials and slightly improved limits on inverse-5th-power law potentials.
CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Bi Bi Ayisha Mulla, Aravind R. Nesaragi, Mussuvir K. M. Pasha, Malatesh S. Pujar, Ravindra R. Kamble, Ashok H. Sidarai
Summary: This study investigated the spectral properties, solvatochromic effect, and dipole moment of MBTC, CBTC, and TBTC in solvents with different polarity. Experimental and computational methods were used to determine the ground state and excited state dipole moments of the molecules. It was found that the excited state dipole moment is higher than the ground state, indicating increased polarity in the excited state. Energy values of HOMO and LUMO were calculated using the DFT method and compared with cyclic voltammetry results. Molecular electrostatic potential analysis was conducted to identify electrophilic and nucleophilic sites. The findings provide valuable insights for the use of these molecules in optoelectronic devices.
JOURNAL OF FLUORESCENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jong-Sam Jon, Won-Kwang Ri, Kye-Ryong Sin, Yong-Chol Son, Jong-Su Pak, Sung-Jin Kim, Chol-Bom Choe, Myong-Chol Jang
Summary: This study derives the interaction potential energy between ions and solvent molecular dipole moments in the solvation shell, as well as the distribution of solvent molecules around ions in an electrolyte solution under thermodynamic equilibrium. By applying the solution of the linear SEI-PB equation, an analytical expression for evaluating the limiting ion mobility is derived, which is different from the Stokes-Einstein relation and depends on various factors such as ion size, viscosity, dielectric constant, solvent density, molecular weight, and temperature. The study also establishes a new relation between the limiting ion mobility and the solvent molecular dipole moment in the solvation shell. The findings provide insights into the dynamic sizes of ions in solution and the average water molecular dipole moment in the hydration shell.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Hongqing Song, Min Zhang, Ruirui Cui, Weichao Huang, Chaoyong Deng
Summary: Orange-red emitting Sm3+-doped MgGeO3 phosphors were successfully synthesized by traditional high temperature solid state method, demonstrating good photoluminescence performance and thermal stability. The phosphors showed higher optical band gap and stronger photoluminescence intensity at a doping concentration of 0.1% mol.
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ouardia Bendou, Ismael Gutierrez-Fernandez, Emilio L. Marcos-Barbero, Nara Bueno-Ramos, Ana I. Gonzalez-Hernandez, Rosa Morcuende, Juan B. Arellano
Summary: A rapid and high throughput protocol has been developed to measure the catalase activity in vitro. By using a two-degree polynomial fitting of the experimental data, the initial rate of H2O2 decomposition by catalase can be determined, and statistical bias can be avoided. This protocol can be used for small scale and low cost measurement of other antioxidant enzyme activities in microplate readers.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nisha Fatma, Mohan Singh Mehata, Nupur Pandey, Sanjay Pant
Summary: This study focused on the experimental and computational analysis of the solvatochromic behavior of 6-methoxyflavone (6MF), revealing substantial redistribution of pi-electron density in the excited state. The findings indicate that the photophysical behavior of 6MF is influenced by both specific and non-specific solute-solvent interactions.
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Qigang Liang, Luyu Li
Summary: This paper investigates the performance of a single-degree-of-freedom system with supplemental clutching inertia through theoretical analyses and experimental tests. The results confirm that the clutching effect helps reduce resonant response, and increasing flywheel inertia can further mitigate resonant response when considering certain accessory damping. Increasing accessory damping significantly reduces resonant response and resonant frequency, and the structure with ECID shows better performance than CID considering the same accessory damping. The tested CIDs improved structural seismic performance by slightly prolonging the fundamental structural period and prominently controlling the response in resonant frequency and high frequency due to the effect of supplemental clutching inertia and accessory damping.
EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING & STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jadranka Milikic, Nikola Nikolic, Diogo M. F. Santos, Daniele Maccio, Adriana Saccone, Mabkhoot Alsaiari, Mohammed Jalalah, M. Faisal, Farid A. Harraz, Yizhao Li, Abu Bakr Nassr, Igor Pasti, Biljana Sljukic
Summary: Platinum-dysprosium (Pt-Dy) alloys prepared by the arc melting technique were evaluated as potential electrodes for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline media. The Pt40Dy60 electrode with a lower Pt content showed higher ORR activity and lower oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity compared to the alloy with a higher Pt content.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Raveendra Melavanki, G. Muddapur, H. T. Srinivasa, S. S. Honnanagoudar, N. R. Patil
Summary: This article investigates the solvation, rotational dynamics, and photophysics of diketone derivatives in alcohols and alkanes at room temperature using fluorescence techniques and steady-state methods. The study shows a linear relationship between solvent viscosity and rotational times, as well as significant differences in dipole moments between excited and ground states. The outcomes are analyzed using hydrodynamic theory, solvatochromic shift, and quantum chemical techniques.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alper Fitoz, Zehra Yazan
Summary: In this study, the interactions between xanthine (XT), theophylline (TP), and theobromine (TB) with calf-thymus double-strained DNA (dsDNA) were investigated using experimental and theoretical approaches. The experiments involved cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques on an electrochemical platform. The results showed that the kinetic parameters and thermodynamic parameters were affected by the presence of DNA, with XT exhibiting the highest binding affinity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lin Wang, Hui Wu, Xin Zhai, Jian Shi, Qingqing Zhou, Hao Li, Junmin Wan
Summary: This study proposes a simple strategy to fabricate a composite electrode based on MXene by adding dopamine-modified polypyrrole (DA-PPy) nanofibers. The addition of DA-PPy nanofibers prevents restacking of MXene and improves the electrochemical performance of the composite films. The composite electrode exhibits high specific capacitance and capacitance retention, making it a promising candidate for energy storage applications and triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) applications.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
C. Spampinato, S. Valastro, E. Smecca, V. Arena, G. Mannino, A. La Magna, C. Corsaro, F. Neri, E. Fazio, A. Alberti
Summary: The use of nanostructured materials is increasingly widespread in various scientific applications. One of them is in the architecture of perovskite solar cells, which have high photoconversion efficiency values. TiO2 sponges were deposited using a reactive sputtering technique, resulting in a porous structure with uniform rods separated by mesopores. The change in wettability values of the TiO2 samples before and after thermal annealing treatment was investigated.
JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Viviana Scuderi, Marcin Zielinski, Francesco La Via
Summary: In this study, micro-Raman spectroscopy was used to investigate the effect of different doping on the stress distribution in silicon substrates and 3C-SiC films. The results showed that the stress in silicon is always compressive, while in 3C-SiC it is always tensile. The type of stress in the remaining 6 mu m of the film varies with doping.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Francesco La Via, Daniel Alquier, Filippo Giannazzo, Tsunenobu Kimoto, Philip Neudeck, Haiyan Ou, Alberto Roncaglia, Stephen E. E. Saddow, Salvatore Tudisco
Summary: In recent years, SiC has seen new applications proposed in various fields. This review discusses the development status, main challenges, and future prospects of several emerging SiC applications. The paper extensively reviews the use of SiC in high temperature space applications, high temperature CMOS, high radiation hard detectors, new optical devices, high frequency MEMS, devices with integrated 2D materials, and biosensors. The development of these applications, particularly in the 4H-SiC ones, has been facilitated by advancements in SiC technology and improvements in material quality and price. However, further development in these fields requires the development of new processes and improvement in material properties. In the case of 3C-SiC applications, despite the performance of the devices and their potential market, the lack of material and specific processes development, as well as the limited availability of SiC foundries, hamper further progress.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Valentina Arena, Emanuele Smecca, Salvatore Valastro, Corrado Bongiorno, Giuseppe Fisicaro, Ioannis Deretzis, Carlo Spampinato, Giovanni Mannino, Sandro Dattilo, Andrea Antonino Scamporrino, Sabrina Carola Carroccio, Antonino La Magna, Alessandra Alberti
Summary: The importance of lead analysis in environmental matrices is increasing due to human-induced spread of toxic species in nature. A new dry approach for lead detection and measurement is proposed, which involves capturing lead from a liquid solution using a solid sponge and quantifying it through X-ray analyses. Gig-lox TiO2 layers with a branched multi-porosity spongy structure were used to capture lead atoms in a liquid environment. The method is based on the relationship between the electronic density of the solid sponge and the critical angle for total reflection of X-rays.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Viviana Benfante, Alessandro Stefano, Muhammad Ali, Riccardo Laudicella, Walter Arancio, Antonino Cucchiara, Fabio Caruso, Francesco Paolo Cammarata, Claudia Coronnello, Giorgio Russo, Monica Miele, Alessandra Vieni, Antonino Tuttolomondo, Anthony Yezzi, Albert Comelli
Summary: Radionuclides are used in biomedical field for diagnostic imaging applications. The development of new radiopharmaceuticals for cancer treatments is a growing field of research. Radiometric counters are the only tools able to assess preclinical in vitro assays for radiopharmaceutical studies.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Salvatore Valastro, Emanuele Smecca, Giovanni Mannino, Corrado Bongiorno, Giuseppe Fisicaro, Stefan Goedecker, Valentina Arena, Carlo Spampinato, Ioannis Deretzis, Sandro Dattilo, Andrea Scamporrino, Sabrina Carroccio, Enza Fazio, Fortunato Neri, Francesco Bisconti, Aurora Rizzo, Corrado Spinella, Antonino La Magna, Alessandra Alberti
Summary: With the projected rapid growth of the market uptake of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the use of this clean energy technology will play a crucial role in reducing the global carbon footprint. However, the presence of toxic lead (Pb) poses a major barrier to its full commercialization. Researchers have demonstrated that the application of a transparent titanium dioxide (TiO2) sponge can effectively prevent Pb leakage, leading to a more sustainable solution and accelerated practical applications.
NATURE SUSTAINABILITY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Francesco Paolo Cammarata, Filippo Torrisi, Nunzio Vicario, Valentina Bravata, Alessandro Stefano, Lucia Salvatorelli, Simona D'Aprile, Pierangela Giustetto, Giusi Irma Forte, Luigi Minafra, Marco Calvaruso, Selene Richiusa, Giuseppe Antonio Pablo Cirrone, Giada Petringa, Giuseppe Broggi, Sebastiano Cosentino, Fabrizio Scopelliti, Gaetano Magro, Danilo Porro, Massimo Libra, Massimo Ippolito, Giorgio Russo, Rosalba Parenti, Giacomo Cuttone
Summary: Despite aggressive therapeutic regimens, glioblastoma (GBM) remains a deadly brain tumor with significant resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Proton boron capture therapy (PBCT) shows promise in increasing therapeutic effectiveness and improving the quality of life of GBM patients, by utilizing radiosensitizing agents to enhance the effects of proton beam. A preclinical evaluation of PBCT in a GBM model demonstrated increased cell death and mitophagy, validating PBCT as a scalable strategy to treat GBM.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Cesar Jara Donoso, Antoine Jay, Julien Lam, Jonas Mueller, Guilhem Larrieu, Georges Landa, Corrado Bongiorno, Antonino La Magna, Alessandra Alberti, Anne Hemeryck
Summary: In this study, the early stages of nickel silicide formation were investigated using a combination of experimental and numerical approaches. It was discovered that an interface alloyed layer is formed even at room temperature before any thermal activation during nickel deposition on a silicon surface. Furthermore, it was determined that this interfacial layer has a nickel-rich Ni3Si composition, which is attributed to the ability of nickel atoms to penetrate the surface layers of the silicon substrate.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Carmen Altana, Lucia Calcagno, Caterina Ciampi, Francesco La Via, Gaetano Lanzalone, Annamaria Muoio, Gabriele Pasquali, Domenico Pellegrino, Sebastiana Puglia, Giuseppe Rapisarda, Salvatore Tudisco
Summary: The radiation damage studies of a new large area p-n junction silicon carbide device developed by the SiCILIA collaboration are discussed in this work. The results show that the new devices exhibit excellent performance in terms of stability, linearity, defect distribution, charge collection efficiency, energy resolution, leakage current, etc., and have a radiation resistance more than two orders of magnitude higher than silicon devices. The application of the new construction technology to silicon carbide material has enabled the creation of robust devices with excellent performance.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Emanuela Schiliro, Patrick Fiorenza, Raffaella Lo Nigro, Bruno Galizia, Giuseppe Greco, Salvatore Di Franco, Corrado Bongiorno, Francesco La Via, Filippo Giannazzo, Fabrizio Roccaforte
Summary: Metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors with Al2O3 as a gate insulator were fabricated on cubic silicon carbide (3C-SiC) using both thermal and plasma-enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD). The deposited Al2O3/SiO2 stacks showed lower negative shifts of the flat band voltage VFB compared with the conventional single SiO2 layer. The plasma-enhanced ALD approach produced Al2O3 layers with better insulating behavior in terms of leakage current breakdown distribution.
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Andrea Ballo, Alfio Dario Grasso, Gaetano Palumbo
Summary: This paper presents a new approach for designing energy-efficient Dickson charge pumps with a linear distributed total capacitance. Theoretical analysis suggests that the input energy can be minimized by choosing the optimal slope for the linear capacitance distribution, and design guidelines are provided to determine this value based on given specifications. Simulation results using a 0.13-μm CMOS technology validate the effectiveness of the proposed design strategy in different scenarios, achieving a maximum energy saving of approximately 32%.
2023 21ST IEEE INTERREGIONAL NEWCAS CONFERENCE, NEWCAS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Andrea Ballo, Alfio Dario Grasso, Gaetano Palumbo
Summary: This paper presents a Dickson voltage multiplier topology with a triple voltage booster, which achieves better speed performance while maintaining the same maximum output voltage and silicon area occupancy. The proposed solution includes an optimization design strategy that maximizes the advantages of the applied clock boosting technique. By simulating the two topologies using the 65-nm CMOS technology provided by STMicroelectronics, the comparison with the conventional design demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed solution.
2023 21ST IEEE INTERREGIONAL NEWCAS CONFERENCE, NEWCAS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Andrea Ballo, Alfio Dario Grasso, Marco Privitera
Summary: This work presents a switched capacitor current reference for batteryless and US-powered implantable biomedical devices with a temperature coefficient of 115-ppm/degrees C and a current of 78.5-nA. It also features a trimming network to compensate for PVT variations. The circuit is designed in a 28-nm Bulk CMOS technology and has a power utilization of 75.8% and a power consumption of about 62nW under a 0.6-V power supply, making it suitable for ultra-low power and sub-1V sensor nodes for the Internet-of-Things.
2023 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS, ISCAS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Paola La Magna, Carlo Spampinato, Salvatore Valastro, Emanuele Smecca, Valentina Arena, Giovanni Mannino, Ioannis Deretzis, Giuseppe Fisicaro, Corrado Bongiorno, Alessandra Alberti
Summary: This study explores the potential of a blended material composed of CsPbI3:EuCl3 perovskite and Gig-Lox TiO2 for use in solar cells. The inclusion of EuCl3 in CsPbI3 stabilizes the desired gamma-phase, making it suitable for solar energy conversion. X-ray-based techniques and spectroscopic ellipsometry were used to investigate the structural properties and interfacial behavior of this blended material. The findings reveal a significant quenching of photoluminescence, highlighting the important role of distributed interfaces in facilitating efficient carrier injection.
