Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ryan H. P. Siu, Yang Liu, Kaitlin H. Y. Chan, Clara Ridzewski, Liane Siu Slaughter, Angela R. Wu
Summary: Our study quantifies the outcome of ePCR from conditions specified in the literature using single particle analysis, which preserves this heterogeneity. We found that only the higher concentration of polymerase, 20-fold more than the concentration recommended for conventional PCR, could yield sufficient PCR products. We provide evidence-based starting conditions for effective and economical ePCR for real DNA libraries and a straightforward workflow for evaluating the success of tuning ePCR prior to downstream applications.
Review
Biology
Eugene Hsu, Manishi Desai
Summary: Glaucoma is a major cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. This review explores the relationship between systemic conditions and their treatments with the development of glaucoma. Various systemic diseases, such as inflammatory, auto-immune, infectious, and cardiovascular conditions, are examined in terms of their impact, risk, and mechanisms in developing glaucoma. The discussion highlights the importance of regular ocular examinations and follow-ups with multidisciplinary teams to prevent unnecessary vision loss.
Article
Ophthalmology
Shuning Li, Guangxian Tang, Su Jie Fan, Gang Zhai, Jianhua Lv, Hengli Zhang, Wensheng Lu, Jing Jiang, Aiguo Lv, Ningli Wang, Kai Cao, Jing Zhao, Vivian Vu, Dapeng Mu, Xiaohua Pan, Hui Feng, Yen C. Hsia, Ying Han
Summary: Education level, TST, and presenting IOP were identified as risk factors for blindness after APAC treatment, with a critical time window of 4.6 hours associated with a blindness rate of <= 1%.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pablo F. Cespedes, Michael L. Dustin
Summary: This paper presents a protocol for using Bead-Supported Lipid Bilayers (BSLBs) as antigen-presenting cell (APC) mimetics to capture and analyze trans-synaptic particles. The protocol also includes absolute measurements of protein densities on cell surfaces, reconstitution of BSLBs with physiological levels, and a flow cytometry procedure for tracking synaptic particle release by T cells. The protocol can be adapted to study the effects of various factors on T cell effector output.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Radhika Bansal, Teresa Kimlinger, Kelli Ann Gyotoku, Matthew Smith, Vincent Rajkumar, Shaji Kumar
Summary: CD138 magnetic sorting impacts the phenotypic characteristics of myeloma plasma cells by leading to a substantial loss in the expression of certain surface markers, such as CD71, CD11b, as well as nearly complete loss of the CD45-positive subset in some cases. Researchers should be aware of these changes when using CD138-positive selection for analysis of plasma cells to prevent loss of valuable information.
CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alessandra Manzin, Riccardo Ferrero, Marta Vicentini
Summary: This paper studies a sensor concept for potential integration in magnetic field-based lab-on-chip devices that utilize ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) phenomena in magnonic crystals. The focus is on 2D magnetic antidot arrays, which are magnetic thin films with periodic non-magnetic inclusions, proposed as magnetic field sensor elements in the gigahertz (GHz) range. Through micromagnetic modeling analysis, it is demonstrated that the antidot arrays can function as both bead traps and high-sensitivity detectors, with adjustable performance based on bead size and magnetic moment. The hole size in the antidot array is a key parameter for the detection mechanism, affecting the FMR frequency shifts caused by the interaction between the magnetization configuration in the nanostructured film and the bead stray field. Potential applications of this device concept include magnetic immunoassays and biomaterial manipulation.
Article
Ophthalmology
Zhen Ling Teo, Zhi Da Soh, Yih-Chung Tham, Marco Yu, Miao Li Chee, Sahil Thakur, Monisha E. Nongpiur, Victor Koh, Tien Yin Wong, Tin Aung, Ching-Yu Cheng
Summary: The study aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors of primary angle-closure disease (PACD) in a multi-ethnic Asian population. The results showed that increasing age, higher intraocular pressure (IOP), and shallower anterior chamber depth were associated with a higher risk of PACD, while late posterior subcapsular cataract was associated with a lower risk.
Article
Ophthalmology
Zhen Ling Teo, Zhi Da Soh, Yih-Chung Tham, Marco Yu, Miao Li Chee, Sahil Thakur, Monisha E. Nongpiur, Victor Koh, Tien Yin Wong, Tin Aung, Ching-Yu Cheng
Summary: A study in a multi-ethnic Asian population found that the 6-year incidence of primary angle-closure disease (PACD) was 3.50%. Increasing age, higher intraocular pressure, and shallower anterior chamber depth were associated with a higher risk of PACD, while late posterior subcapsular cataract was associated with a lower risk of PACD.
Article
Ophthalmology
Yu Jiang, Wei Wang, Lanhua Wang, Mingguang He
Summary: The study assessed the association of AS-OCT parameters and the incident of narrow angles in China. It found that incident narrow angles were associated with smaller anterior ocular dimensions, thicker iris, and smaller light-to-dark changes at baseline. These findings aid in early diagnosis in this population.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Natalia Porporato, Tin A. Tun, Mani Baskaran, Damon W. K. Wong, Rahat Husain, Huazhu Fu, Rehena Sultana, Shamira Perera, Leopold Schmetterer, Tin Aung
Summary: The study validated a deep learning algorithm for 360 degrees angle assessment on swept-source optical coherence tomography, showing good diagnostic performance for detection of gonioscopic angle closure. This algorithm could potentially serve as the foundation for a non-contact, fast, and reproducible 'automated gonioscopy' in the future.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maryla Mlynarczyk, Martyna Falkowska, Zuzanna Micun, Iwona Obuchowska, Jan Kochanowicz, Katarzyna Socha, Joanna Konopinska
Summary: Glaucoma is a common cause of irreversible vision loss worldwide, with progress in treatment methods but potential for prevention and lifestyle modifications to slow disease progression. Further research is needed to assess the influence of nutrition on glaucoma and develop nutritional management strategies for patients.
Article
Ophthalmology
David Kiessling, Corinna Rennings, Matthias Hild, Alexandra Lappas, Thomas S. Dietlein, Gernot F. Roessler, Randolf A. Widder
Summary: This study investigated the predictive potential of the intraocular pressure-lowering effectiveness in the first eye for the outcome of the second eye in combined iStent inject implantation with phacoemulsification. The results showed that the success of the first eye surgery was associated with a significantly higher chance of success in the second eye.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
James R. Tribble, Amin Otmani, Eirini Kokkali, Emma Lardner, James E. Morgan, Pete A. Williams
Summary: An inducible, magnetic bead model in Brown Norway rats was developed to replicate glaucoma features in human eyes. The model successfully demonstrated degeneration across multiple retinal ganglion cell compartments, providing a platform for testing glaucoma therapeutics.
TRANSLATIONAL VISION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Kyoung Min Lee, Da Young Song, Seok Hwan Kim
Summary: This study compares the inter-strain differences of three rodent glaucoma models and finds that Brown Norway rats are advantageous for the magnetic bead and hydrogel injection models, while any rat strain can be used for the circumlimbal suture model. The choice of strains should be carefully considered when establishing glaucoma models with different intraocular pressure profiles.
TRANSLATIONAL VISION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kinga Golaszewska, Iwona Obuchowska, Joanna Konopinska
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety profile of iStent bypass implantation and ab externo canaloplasty in POAG patients, and found that both procedures effectively reduced intraocular pressure and the need for anti-glaucoma medications.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Arslan M. Zahid, Bryn Martin, Stephanie Collins, John N. Oshinski, C. Ross Ethier
Summary: The study revealed that simulated microgravity had effects on cerebrovascular flow dynamics, resulting in decreased cerebrospinal fluid flow variables and cerebral arterial flow, while also causing an increase in cerebral venous cross-sectional area.
FLUIDS AND BARRIERS OF THE CNS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
B. G. Gerberich, B. G. Hannon, A. Hejri, E. J. Winger, E. Schrader Echeverri, L. M. Nichols, H. G. Gersch, N. A. MacLeod, S. Gupta, A. T. Read, M. D. Ritch, S. Sridhar, M. G. Toothman, G. S. Gershon, S. A. Schwaner, G. Sanchez-Rodriguez, V Goyal, A. M. Toporek, A. J. Feola, H. E. Grossniklaus, M. T. Pardue, C. R. Ethier, M. R. Prausnitz
Summary: This study aimed to reduce tissue deformation near the optic nerve head by selectively stiffening the peripapillary sclera, and successfully demonstrated a targeted photocrosslinking approach that may be beneficial in future glaucoma treatments. While this method effectively stiffened the sclera, there were some ocular toxicities associated with photocrosslinking.
Article
Biology
Guorong Li, Chanyoung Lee, A. Thomas Read, Ke Wang, Jungmin Ha, Megan Kuhn, Iris Navarro, Jenny Cui, Katherine Young, Rahul Gorijavolu, Todd Sulchek, Casey Kopczynski, Sina Farsiu, John Samples, Pratap Challa, C. Ross Ethier, W. Daniel Stamer
Summary: Netarsudil reduces glucocorticoid-induced ocular hypertension by preventing or attenuating pathologies, acting directly on conventional outflow cells. These findings warrant a randomized prospective clinical study to evaluate its superiority in lowering steroid-induced ocular hypertension.
Correction
Engineering, Biomedical
Babak N. Safa, A. Thomas Read, C. Ross Ethier
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Babak N. Safa, Cydney A. Wong, Jungmin Ha, C. Ross Ethier
Summary: This review summarizes recent studies on the role of biomechanics in glaucoma. It is found that various tissues, including the trabecular meshwork, cornea, peripapillary sclera, optic nerve head/sheath, and iris, have biomechanical involvement in different forms of glaucoma. Multiple mechanosensory mechanisms and signaling pathways are identified in the trabecular meshwork and optic nerve head. Biomechanical information has also been incorporated into glaucoma prognoses. However, the understanding of the role of biomechanics in glaucoma is still incomplete.
CURRENT OPINION IN OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biophysics
C. Ross Ethier, Thao (Vicky) Nguyen
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Sara J. Coulon, Joel S. Schuman, Yiqin Du, Mohammad Reza Bahrani Fard, C. Ross Ethier, W. Daniel Stamer
Summary: Glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, is characterized by decreased cellularity of trabecular meshwork (TM). The regeneration of TM using stem cells has shown success in various animal and ex vivo models, with stability and no serious side effects. A human clinical study is proposed as the next step to understand the potential revolutionary treatment paradigm of protecting and replacing TM cells in glaucomatous eyes.
PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Brandon G. Gerberich, Bailey G. Hannon, Dillon M. Brown, A. Thomas Read, Matthew D. Ritch, Elisa Schrader Echeverri, Lauren Nichols, Cahil Potnis, Sreesh Sridhar, Maya G. Toothman, Stephen A. Schwaner, Erin J. Winger, Hannah Huang, Gabby S. Gershon, Andrew J. Feola, Machelle T. Pardue, Mark R. Prausnitz, C. Ross Ethier
Summary: This study assessed the neuroprotective effects of scleral stiffening treatments in an experimental model of glaucoma. The results showed that neither global nor local scleral stiffening provided demonstrable neuroprotection in hypertensive eyes.
TRANSLATIONAL VISION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biophysics
C. Ross Ethier, Thao (Vicky) Nguyen
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2023)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Babak N. Safa, Mohammad Reza Bahrani Fard, C. Ross Ethier
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Babak N. Safa, Mohammad Reza Bahrani Fard, C. Ross Ethier
Summary: This study used a biometric dataset to investigate the effects of iris biomechanics on PACG. The findings showed significant radial strains in the iris during the pupillary light reflex. Finite-element modeling revealed a significant impact of sphincter muscle traction on iris deformations.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Andrew J. Feola, Christopher A. Girkin, C. Ross Ethier, Brian C. Samuels
Summary: The study found that choroidal expansion significantly impacts tissue deformation within the optic nerve head, and choroidal geometry also plays a role in these deformations. Elevated intraocular pressure and intracranial pressure lead to distortions in the retrolaminar neural tissue and lamina cribrosa, respectively.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Colleen M. McDowell, Krishnakumar Kizhatil, Michael H. Elliott, Darryl R. Overby, Joseph Van Batenburg-Sherwood, J. Cameron Millar, Markus H. Kuehn, Gulab Zode, Ted S. Acott, Michael G. Anderson, Sanjoy K. Bhattacharya, Jacques A. Bertrand, Terete Borras, Diane E. Bovenkamp, Lin Cheng, John Danias, Michael Lucio De Ieso, Yiqin Du, Jennifer A. Faralli, Rudolf Fuchshofer, Preethi S. Ganapathy, Haiyan Gong, Samuel Herberg, Humberto Hernandez, Peter Humphries, Simon W. M. John, Paul L. Kaufman, Kate E. Keller, Mary J. Kelley, Ruth A. Kelly, David Krizaj, Ajay Kumar, Brian C. Leonard, Raquel L. Lieberman, Paloma Liton, Yutao Liu, Katy C. Liu, Navita N. Lopez, Weiming Mao, Timur Mavlyutov, Fiona McDonnell, Gillian J. McLellan, Philip Mzyk, Andrews Nartey, Louis R. Pasquale, Gaurang C. Patel, Padmanabhan P. Pattabiraman, Donna M. Peters, Vijaykrishna Raghunathan, Ponugoti Vasantha Rao, Naga Rayana, Urmimala Raychaudhuri, Ester Reina-Torres, Ruiyi Ren, Douglas Rhee, Uttio Roy Chowdhury, John R. Samples, E. Griffen Samples, Najam Sharif, Joel S. Schuman, Val C. Sheffield, Cooper H. Stevenson, Avinash Soundararajan, Preeti Subramanian, Chenna Kesavulu Sugali, Yang Sun, Carol B. Toris, Karen Y. Torrejon, Amir Vahabikashi, Janice A. Vranka, Ting Wang, Colin E. Willoughby, Chen Xin, Hongmin Yun, Hao F. Zhang, Michael P. Fautsch, Ernst R. Tamm, Abbot F. Clark, C. Ross Ethier, W. Daniel Stamer
Summary: This article highlights the importance of using mice as a valuable model system for studying conventional outflow resistance and intraocular pressure. It also outlines the minimum acceptable standards for developing, characterizing, and utilizing mouse models of open-angle ocular hypertension. These standards are expected to enhance scientific rigor and replicability of research findings.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
D. Chan, G. J. Won, A. T. Read, C. R. Ethier, E. Thackaberry, S. R. Crowell, H. Booler, V Bantseev, J. M. Sivak
Summary: This study investigates the movement of particles in the eye during intravitreal drug delivery. Using an organotypic perfusion strategy and experiments in pig and human eyes, it is found that the aggregate particle size plays a crucial role in determining their movement within the eye.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Jessica Jasien, A. Thomas Read, Joseph Van Batenburg-Sherwood, Kristin M. Perkumas, C. Ross Ethier, W. Daniel Stamer, Brian C. Samuels
Summary: The tree shrew, with its human-like optic nerve head anatomy and stable aqueous outflow facility, serves as a valuable animal model for glaucoma and pharmacology research, providing advantages over current rodent and nonhuman primate models used in translational research.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)