Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Reena Nayak, Biswakanth Kar, Goutam Ghosh, Goutam Rath
Summary: The vagina's unique physical and biological properties make it an ideal site for drug delivery related to women's health issues. Chitosan has received attention for its unique characteristics and is widely studied in vaginal drug delivery systems. However, issues such as chitosan's susceptibility to the acidic pH of the vagina, poor drug loading, and rapid mucosal turnover need to be addressed for successful outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Takwa Bedhiafi, Sourour Idoudi, Areej Ali Alhams, Queenie Fernandes, Heba Iqbal, Renuka Basineni, Shahab Uddin, Said Dermime, Maysaloun Merhi, Nashiru Billa
Summary: Polydopamine (PDA) is a biopolymer with unique physicochemical properties and has various applications in drug delivery, biosensing, imaging, and cancer therapy. Recent research has discovered the potential of PDA as a coating material for mucosal drug delivery, but there is limited information on this application. This review presents the properties of PDA and its biomedical applications, with a focus on its role as a coating material for nanoparticulate carriers in mucosal drug delivery. The challenges and possibilities of translating this technology to clinical studies are also discussed.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Keerthana Rajes, Peer Nolte, Cynthia Yapto, Kerstin Danker, Henrik Dommisch, Rainer Haag
Summary: A synthetic route for adhesive core-multishell (CMS) nanocarriers for application to the oral mucosa was established using mussel-inspired catechol moieties. The CMS nanocarrier functionalized with 8% catechol exhibited the strongest adhesion.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Paola Mura, Francesca Maestrelli, Marzia Cirri, Natascia Mennini
Summary: Chitosan (CS) is a polysaccharide that is obtained from the deacetylation of chitin, making it the second most abundant biopolymer in nature after cellulose. It has attracted great interest in the pharmaceutical field due to its various beneficial features, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and simplicity of chemical modifications. CS is capable of forming films, hydrogels, and micro- and nanoparticles, and its cationic character allows for strong interactions with different molecules and exhibits antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and hemostatic activities. However, its solubility is pH-dependent and it is susceptible to ions, which may pose challenges. Currently, CS and its derivatives are widely investigated for pharmaceutical applications, particularly in mucosal drug delivery.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zheng Jin, Gaowei Hu, Kai Zhao
Summary: This study demonstrated that the synthesized M-N-2-HACC/N-CMCS nanoparticles showed high efficiency in mucosal delivery by utilizing the interaction with mucosal sites for drug release and delivery.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nazafarin Samiraninezhad, Khatereh Asadi, Hojat Rezazadeh, Ahmad Gholami
Summary: This review summarizes the current research on applying smart natural polymer-based hydrogels for drug delivery in oral mucosal lesions. Smart biological hydrogels show great promise as topical drug delivery systems, offering sustained drug release, increased therapeutic efficacy, and minimized systemic complications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Parisa Maleki Dana, Jamal Hallajzadeh, Zatollah Asemi, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Bahman Yousefi
Summary: Osteosarcoma is prevalent in children and adolescents with ineffective conventional treatments, necessitating the development of novel drugs and bone-repairing methods. Chitosan, a natural compound, exhibits anti-tumor activities and can be utilized in drug delivery and diagnostic techniques.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Gulshakhar Kudaibergen, Zhanar Akhmetkarimova, Ertan Yildirim, Murat Baidarbekov
Summary: Cryogels based on biopolymers have exceptional properties and are suitable for various applications in tissue engineering and drug delivery. The injectable formation of cryogels, combined with their biocompatibility, has great potential in developing innovative systems for the human body. Our study focuses on synthesizing advanced generation cryogels using UV radiation and thiolene chemistry, using gelatin and hyaluronic acid as starting materials. We characterized the properties of these cryogels and found that they exhibited larger pore structures and greater swelling capacities compared to conventional hydrogels.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
M. Cirri, F. Maestrelli, S. Scuota, V Bazzucchi, P. Mura
Summary: Metronidazole-loaded vaginal multiparticulate systems were developed to improve drug release, with the best formulation demonstrating efficacy in treating local diseases based on various performance tests conducted.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Raul Cazorla-Luna, Roberto Ruiz-Caro, Maria-Dolores Veiga, R. Karl Malcolm, Dimitrios A. Lamprou
Summary: Electrospinning is a cutting-edge technology for producing nanofibers and microfibers by applying high voltage to polymer solutions or melts, with potential applications in drug delivery systems and tissue engineering. Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in utilizing electrospinning technology for the treatment and prevention of diseases related to women's sexual and reproductive health.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shilpa Lekhraj Peswani Sajnani, Yunyue Zhang, Driton Vllasaliu
Summary: Exosomes are membrane-bound nanovesicles secreted by cells and have the ability to carry small molecules, proteins, and nucleic acids to recipient cells over long distances. They show promising potential as drug delivery vehicles due to their superior stability, biocompatibility, and target specificity, thus allowing for effective crossing of biological barriers. This review focuses on discussing the current literature on exosomes used in therapeutic settings, particularly for mucosal drug delivery.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Somaye Rashki, Kasra Asgarpour, Hossein Tarrahimofrad, Maryam Hashemipour, Mohammad Saeid Ebrahimi, Hadis Fathizadeh, Ahmad Khorshidi, Haroon Khan, Zeynab Marzhoseyni, Masoud Salavati-Niasari, Hamed Mirzaei
Summary: Chitosan nanomaterials have gained attention in biomedicine for their high levels of biodegradability and biocompatibility, along with antimicrobial effects. Functional modification with other natural compounds, metallic antimicrobial particles, and antibiotics can enhance the efficiency of chitosan in wound dressing with antimicrobial activity. The antibacterial effect of chitosan is mainly associated with the leakage of intracellular content due to malfunction and altered permeability of the negatively charged cell membrane, on which chitosan is adsorbed. Additionally, chitosan nanoparticles possess favorable features of nanoparticles and their chitosan base, thereby exhibiting strengthened antibacterial potential. Polycations in chitosan nanoparticles target negatively charged bacterial membranes, resulting in a stronger effect on bacterial cells compared to pure chitosan.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2021)
Review
Polymer Science
Iyyakkannu Sivanesan, Judy Gopal, Manikandan Muthu, Juhyun Shin, Selvaraj Mari, Jaewook Oh
Summary: This review discusses the preparation, drug delivery applications, and current status of green synthesis of chitosan. It highlights the lack of systematic research in the green synthesis of chitosan and calls for more innovative green processes to be explored. Additionally, there is a lack of reports on the application of green synthesized chitosan nanoforms and nanocomposites towards drug delivery applications, which is an area that deserves more research focus.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Julie Frigaard, Janicke Liaaen Jensen, Hilde Kanli Galtung, Marianne Hiorth
Summary: Nanotechnology has found unique applications in drug delivery, cosmetics, fabrics, water treatment, and food packaging. Chitosan, a nanoparticle derived from natural polysaccharide chitin, has gained attention in modern medicine for its unique properties. This review examines the cytotoxicity of chitosan nanoparticles in biomedical research, revealing low cytotoxicity regardless of particle composition or assay method. However, thorough characterization and cytotoxicity assessment are recommended for new chitosan derivatives and compositions before market implementation.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vijay Sagar Madamsetty, Shima Tavakol, Saeid Moghassemi, Arezoo Dadashzadeh, John D. Schneible, Iman Fatemi, Abdolsamad Shirvani, Ali Zarrabi, Fereshteh Azedi, Ali Dehshahri, Abbas Aghaei Afshar, Kian Aghaabbasi, Abbas Pardakhty, Reza Mohammadinejad, Prashant Kesharwani
Summary: Breast cancer is a highly deadly neoplastic disease with limited efficacy in existing treatment methods, prompting a search for new remedies. Nanotechnology has shown promise in the field, particularly with chitosan as a potential carrier for anticancer drugs. Further research is ongoing to explore the therapeutic and diagnostic applications of chitosan in breast cancer treatment.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Virginia Campani, Iris Chiara Salaroglio, Valeria Nele, Joanna Kopecka, Andreas Bernkop-Schnuerch, Chiara Riganti, Giuseppe De Rosa
Summary: SEDDS coated with enoxaparin (Enox) is a promising strategy to deliver DTX in resistant tumors, enhancing the inhibition of cell growth and restoring the sensitivity to DTX.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zeynep Burcu Akkus-Dagdeviren, Andrea Fuerst, Julian David Friedl, Martina Tribus, Andreas Bernkop-Schnuerch
Summary: This study investigates the combined usage of Layer-by-Layer coating and alkaline phosphatase-responsive charge reversal strategies in colloidal drug delivery systems. The findings show that this combination improves cellular internalisation and decreases cytotoxic effects.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ahmad Saleh, Zeynep Burcu Akkus-Dagdeviren, Soheil Haddadzadegan, Richard Wibel, Andreas Bernkop-Schnuerch
Summary: The study developed peptide antibiotic-polyphosphatenanoparticles for targeted drug release on the intestinal epithelium. These nanoparticles showed protection against enzymatic degradation, superior mucus permeating properties, and the ability to release drug when triggered by intestinal alkaline phosphatase. The findings suggest that the PMB-PP NPs are promising delivery systems for protecting cationic peptide antibiotics, overcoming the mucus barrier, and providing direct drug release.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Victor Claus, Helen Spleis, Christoph Federer, Katrin Zoeller, Richard Wibel, Flavia Laffleur, Camille Dumont, Philippe Caisse, Andreas Bernkop-Schnuerch
Summary: In this study, the lipophilicity of insulin glargine was increased through hydrophobic ion pairing with sodium octadecyl sulfate, enabling its incorporation into self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS). Two SEDDS formulations were developed and loaded with the insulin glargine-HIP complex. The results showed that the bioavailability of the complexed insulin glargine in the SEDDS formulations was significantly increased after oral administration in rats.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Bao Le-Vinh, Christian Steinbring, Nguyet-Minh Nguyen Le, Barbara Matuszczak, Andreas Bernkop-Schnurch
Summary: Chitosan and its derivatives with high cell adhesion properties were designed and tested for their suitability as scaffold materials in tissue engineering. The attachment of a thiol group to chitosan significantly improved cell adhesion, with higher modification levels leading to better results. The resulting chitosan-based cryogels showed promise for 3D cell culture and tissue engineering.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sobia Noreen, Andreas Bernkop-Schnuerch
Summary: Thiolation of poly- and oligosaccharides introduces various favorable properties for tissue engineering and wound healing, including stable 3D networks, enhanced cell adhesion and signaling, and controlled release of active ingredients.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gergely Kali, Bengi Ozkahraman, Flavia Laffleur, Patrick Knoll, Richard Wibel, Katrin Zoller, Andreas Bernkop-Schnurch
Summary: This study aimed to design and evaluate an anionic, thiolated cellulose derivative for its mucoadhesive and permeation-enhancing properties using enoxaparin as a model drug. The thiolated cellulose exhibited enhanced mucoadhesion on porcine intestinal mucosa and improved permeation in Caco-2 cell monolayer. In vivo studies in rats showed significantly higher oral bioavailability compared to the aqueous solution of the drug.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Richard Wibel, Florina Veider, Barbara Hoyer, Joseph Chamieh, Andreas Bernkop-Schnuerch
Summary: Organic solvents have a substantial impact on the solubility and precipitation rate of drugs in self-emulsifying drug delivery systems. This impact is particularly significant for moderately lipophilic drugs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Victor Claus, Matthias Sandmeier, Nathalie Hock, Helen Spleis, Sera Lindner, Monika Kalb, Andreas Bernkop-Schnuerch
Summary: In this study, the lipophilicity of model proteins was increased by combining various surfactants with insulin, bovine serum albumin, and horseradish peroxidase. The key factors responsible for complex formation were identified. The formed complexes were stable in simulated gastrointestinal fluids and could be incorporated into self-emulsifying drug delivery systems.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zeynep Burcu Akkus-Dagdeviren, Sema Arisoy, Julian David Friedl, Andrea Fuerst, Ahmad Saleh, Andreas Bernkop-Schnuerch
Summary: The aim of this study was to develop enzyme-activated charge-reversal lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) as novel gene delivery systems. The researchers successfully anchored a transfection promoter on the surfaces of LNPs to achieve high encapsulation and efficient gene delivery. The experiment results showed that the enzyme-triggered charge reversal of LNPs resulted in significantly increased transfection efficiency in human alveolar epithelial cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nathalie Hock, Dennis To, Eva Sanchez Armengol, Simona Summonte, Anna Seybold, Christoph Federer, Andreas Bernkop-Schnuerch
Summary: The aim of this study was to develop biodegradable polyphosphate nanoparticles as long-acting drug delivery systems by utilizing ubiquitarian alkaline phosphatase. The nanoparticles were prepared and characterized, showing good stability and release characteristics. The results also demonstrated their biocompatibility and lack of toxicity. These findings open up new opportunities in parenteral drug delivery.
JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Florina Veider, Eva Sanchez Armengol, Andreas Bernkop-Schnuerch
Summary: The past two decades have seen significant progress in the development of surface charge-reversible nanoparticles for drug delivery and diagnosis. These nanoparticles can change their surface charge from negative to positive at the target site, thereby improving drug delivery and diagnostic agent sensitivity. They have also shown potential in overcoming biofilms and delivering antibiotics directly to cell membranes of microorganisms. This review highlights the latest design and emerging applications of charge-reversible nanoparticles in drug delivery and diagnosis.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Arne Matteo Joergensen, Christian Steinbring, Daniel Stengel, Dennis To, Pascal Schmid, Andreas Bernkop-Schnuerch
Summary: This study developed self-emulsifying drug delivery systems containing dry reverse micelles (SEDDS-dRMsPMB) loaded with the model peptide drug polymyxin B (PMB) using anionic (AOT), cationic (DODAB), amphoteric (SL), or non-ionic (P85) surfactants. These systems showed high payload, efficient cellular uptake, and maintained antimicrobial activity, suggesting a potential game-changing strategy for oral peptide drug delivery.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Dennis To, Gergely Kali, Soheil Haddadzadegan, Arne Matteo Joergensen, Katharina Nigl, Fabrizio Ricci, Andreas Bernkop-Schnuerch
Summary: Nanoemulsions with enhanced gastro-intestinal retention time can be achieved by incorporating thiolated surfactants into their surface. Two generations of thiolated surfactants were synthesized and characterized, and their incorporation into nanoemulsions improved the mucoadhesiveness. S-protected thiol derivatives showed the highest mucoadhesive properties among all tested surfactants.
ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Katrin Zoeller, Anna Karlegger, Martyna Truszkowska, Daniel Stengel, Andreas Bernkop-Schnuerch
Summary: This study investigates the cellular uptake of hydrophobic complexes via nanocarriers using hydrophobic ion pairs (HIPs) formed between two fluorescent components. The results show that HIPs increase the lipophilicity of the model drugs and incorporating HIPs into nanoemulsions (NE) further enhances cellular uptake. HIPs serve as a powerful tool to visualize the cellular distribution of hydrophobic complexes and study their cellular uptake.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Lin-Lin Luo, Jie Xu, Bing-Qiao Wang, Chen Chen, Xi Chen, Qiu-Mei Hu, Yu-Qiu Wang, Wan-Yun Zhang, Wan-Xiang Jiang, Xin-Ting Li, Hu Zhou, Xiao Xiao, Kai Zhao, Sen Lin
Summary: A novel AAV serotype, AAVYC5, introduced in this study, showed more efficient transduction into multiple retinal layers compared to AAV2, and enabled successful delivery of anti-angiogenic molecules in mice and non-human primates.