Review
Oncology
Tanner J. Wetzel, Sheila C. Erfan, Lucas D. Figueroa, Leighton M. Wheeler, Elitsa A. Ananieva
Summary: Arginine, glutamine, and BCAAs play important roles in the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells and impact the function of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Cancer cells overexpress metabolic enzymes that specialize in breaking down these amino acids, allowing them to acquire necessary energy and biosynthetic precursors. By manipulating amino acid metabolism, cancer cells deprive infiltrating immune cells of essential nutrients. Understanding this metabolic interaction may provide targets for therapeutic interventions.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bibiana Correia, Maria Ines Sousa, Ana Filipa Branco, Ana Sofia Rodrigues, Joao Ramalho-Santos
Summary: This study found that the absence of Leucine and Arginine does not affect the pluripotency of mouse embryonic stem cells, but reduces cell proliferation through cell-cycle arrest. Additionally, the lack of these amino acids also results in decreased metabolism and protein translation in mouse embryonic stem cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Joanna Szuszkiewicz, Anna Nitkiewicz, Klaudia Drzewiecka, Monika M. Kaczmarek
Summary: Embryo implantation is the most critical stage of pregnancy, dependent on the synchronized developmental capacity of the embryo and uterine receptivity. In early pregnancy, both the conceptus and uterus release various factors to facilitate successful implantation and placenta formation. MicroRNAs, which regulate gene expression, are considered important regulators of early pregnancy events.
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yaqi Tang, Xiaoyu Yi, Xinyu Zhang, Baojie Liu, Yongzheng Lu, Zhifang Pan, Tao Yu, Weiguo Feng
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of MC-LR on colorectal cancer cell proliferation and the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that MC-LR promoted CRC cell proliferation by activating the PI3K/Akt/Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. This study provided a novel insight into the toxicological mechanism of MC-LR.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
John L. Caniglia, Anvesh Jalasutram, Swapna Asuthkar, Joseph Sahagun, Simon Park, Aditya Ravindra, Andrew J. Tsung, Maheedhara R. Guda, Kiran K. Velpula
Summary: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults with a median survival of just 15 months; Researchers are focusing on targeting glucose metabolism to meet the increased demand for replication and progression in GBM; Despite the limited therapeutic interventions specifically targeting metabolic pathways in GBM, further insight is hoped to be gained through this review to develop novel treatment modalities.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xuan Feng, Zhi Wei, Xiang Tao, Yan Du, Jing Wu, Yinhua Yu, Huandi Yu, Hongbo Zhao
Summary: Autophagy plays a crucial role in the development and function of trophoblast cells during pregnancy. The protein PLAC8 promotes autophagy in trophoblasts and contributes to their proliferation. Understanding the mechanism of PLAC8-induced autophagy may lead to novel treatment strategies for various gestational diseases.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marcela Almeida Linden, Thais Longo de Morais Teixeira, Renata Germano Borges de Oliveira Nascimento Freitas, Maria Angela Bellomo Brandao, Roberto Jose Negrao Nogueira
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the influence of supplementation with immunomodulators arginine and glutamine on transthyretin levels in burn patients. The findings suggest that supplementing with immunomodulators may be an effective strategy for treating burn patients, and adequate nutritional supply could predict a favorable outcome. However, the increase in transthyretin values needs to be considered with caution as it may be influenced by inflammatory activity rather than the use of a supplement.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Priscila Berti Zanella Master, Rodrigo Cauduro Oliveira Macedo
Summary: Protein and amino acid supplementation play a significant role in exercise, with protein supplements potentiating muscle protein synthesis, lean mass, and exercise recovery. However, the effects of amino acid supplementation, including branched-chain amino acids, glutamine, or leucine, are inconclusive and lack sufficient evidence to support their use.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Zahra Bamary, Alireza Einali
Summary: The accumulation of free amino acids and their metabolism in Dunaliella sp. cells adapted to different salt levels were investigated. The study found that salt-adapted cells showed decreased density but increased concentrations of certain amino acids. The activities of enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism and amino acid metabolizing enzymes were also increased under salt stress. Treatment with arginine improved cell density and led to different changes in amino acid accumulation depending on the salt concentration.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yasmine A. Hassan, Maged W. Helmy, Asser Ghoneim
Summary: The study evaluated the anti-proliferative effects of different amino acids on human HCC cell lines, revealing that leucine and glutamine have significant anti-proliferative effects, while methionine only affects the viability of HepG2 cells. Deprivation of amino acids can suppress cell proliferation and influence the response to epigenetic therapy.
NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Vanessa Folope, Caroline Meret, Ingrid Castres, Claire Tourny, Estelle Houivet, Sebastien Grigioni, Helene Lelandais, Andre Petit, Aude Coquard, Charlene Guerin, Muriel Quillard, Christine Bole-Feysot, Pierre Dechelotte, Najate Achamrah, Moise Coeffier
Summary: In patients with obesity and MetS, neither leucine and arginine supplementation nor a supervised adapted physical activity program improved MetS. Only cardiorespiratory parameters were improved by exercise training.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Rebecca J. Salamon, Megan C. McKeon, Jiyoung Bae, Xiaoya Zhang, Wyatt G. Paltzer, Kayla N. Wanless, Alyssa R. Schuett, Dakota J. Nuttall, Stephen A. Nemr, Rupa Sridharan, Youngsook Lee, Timothy J. Kamp, Ahmed I. Mahmoud
Summary: Leucine-rich repeat containing 10 (LRRC10) is a protein that is specific to cardiomyocytes, but its role in cardiac biology is not well understood. Recent research has shown that LRRC10 is necessary for cardiac regeneration in zebrafish, but its role in mammalian heart regeneration is still unclear. This study demonstrates that LRRC10 knockout mice have a reduced regenerative response, characterized by decreased cardiomyocyte cytokinesis and increased cardiomyocyte binucleation. Interestingly, LRRC10 deletion also disrupts the transcriptional landscape of the regenerating mouse heart. However, cardiac overexpression of LRRC10 restores cardiomyocyte cytokinesis, increases cardiomyocyte mononucleation, and improves the regenerative capacity of LRRC10 knockout mice.
NPJ REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Rie Yamashita, Masahiko Ooe, Yumiko Saya, Natsumi Sugisawa, Yumi Murakami, Hiroshi Matsunaka
Summary: The study found that a supplement containing amino acids and vitamins improved menopausal symptoms and age-related skin changes (wrinkles).
DERMATOLOGY AND THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Shen Gu, Wei He, Minghao Yan, Jian He, Qun Zhou, Xiaopeng Yan, Xiao Fu, Jun Chen, Xiaodong Han, Yudong Qiu
Summary: The study found that the level of MC-LR in ICC patients was an independent prognostic factor, with high levels being associated with postoperative survival and recurrence-free survival. The study also demonstrated that MC-LR could promote the survival of human ICC cell lines and identified SET as an important mRNA in disease progression through RNA array analysis.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Stefano Maric, Tanja Restin, Julian Louis Muff, Simone Mafalda Camargo, Laura Chiara Guglielmetti, Stefan Gerhard Holland-Cunz, Pascal Crenn, Raphael Nicolas Vuille-dit-Bille
Summary: L-Citrulline, an important amino acid released from enterocytes, plays a crucial role in monitoring intestinal integrity and diagnosing rheumatoid diseases. It may also predict poor outcomes in cancer patients. Supplementation with L-Citrulline can slightly improve muscle strength or protein balance.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammed A. Elmetwally, Xilong Li, Gregory A. Johnson, Robert C. Burghardt, Cassandra M. Herring, Avery C. Kramer, Cynthia J. Meininger, Fuller W. Bazer, Guoyao Wu
Summary: Dietary supplementation with l-arginine during early pregnancy can promote embryonic survival and placental vascular development by increasing the expression of genes and proteins related to angiogenesis.
Article
Reproductive Biology
Claire Stenhouse, Katherine M. Halloran, Robyn M. Moses, Heewon Seo, Dana Gaddy, Gregory A. Johnson, Guoyao Wu, Larry J. Suva, Fuller W. Bazer
Summary: This study found that progesterone and interferon tau (IFNT) play a role in regulating phosphate, calcium, and vitamin D signaling in the ovine endometrium.
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Katherine M. Halloran, Claire Stenhouse, Robyn M. Moses, Heewon Seo, Gregory A. Johnson, Guoyao Wu, Fuller W. Bazer
Summary: Progesterone and interferon tau play important roles in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in ruminants. Agmatine and polyamines are crucial for the survival, growth, and development of mammalian conceptuses. This study shows that P4 and IFNT work together to regulate the expression of genes involved in the metabolism and transport of polyamines during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy in sheep.
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Claire Stenhouse, Fuller W. Bazer, Cheryl J. Ashworth
Summary: Sex influences birth weight, with males being heavier than females. Male piglets have higher stillbirth rates and preweaning mortality, despite more maternal investment. Current research indicates that there are sex-specific differences in placental and endometrial structure and function, affecting pathways such as angiogenesis, apoptosis, and proliferation. Understanding the relationship between fetal sex and molecular signaling in the placenta and endometria is crucial for the agriculture industry and for addressing skewed litter sex ratios.
MOLECULAR REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gregory A. Johnson, Heewon Seo, Fuller W. Bazer, Guoyao Wu, Avery C. Kramer, Bryan A. McLendon, Joe W. Cain
Summary: Conceptus elongation and early placentation require energy expenditure, increased glucose, fructose, and amino acids in the uterine lumen, and coordination of multiple metabolic pathways for conceptus development.
MOLECULAR REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katherine M. Halloran, Claire Stenhouse, Robyn M. Moses, Avery C. Kramer, Nirvay Sah, Heewon Seo, Simon G. Lamarre, Gregory A. Johnson, Guoyao Wu, Fuller W. Bazer
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of one carbon metabolism and serinogenesis in ovine conceptuses during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy. It also reveals that glucose and fructose are the preferred substrates for generating formate required for nucleotide synthesis.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Claire Stenhouse, Makenzie G. Newton, Katherine M. Halloran, Robyn M. Moses, Nirvay Sah, Larry J. Suva, Fuller W. Bazer
Summary: Recent evidence shows the important roles of progesterone and interferon tau in the regulation of calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D signaling in the uteri of pregnant sheep. However, the effects of progesterone and estradiol, and their respective receptors, on mineral signaling during the estrous cycle have not been investigated. This study found that the expression of certain genes and proteins related to mineral signaling was different at different stages of the estrous cycle. Overall, these results suggest that progesterone and its receptor play important roles in regulating mineral signaling during the estrous cycle in ewes.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xilong Li, Fuller W. Bazer, Gregory A. Johnson, Robert C. Burghardt, Guoyao Wu
Summary: This study used gilts as an animal model to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with L-citrulline (Cit) on placental angiogenesis and embryonic survival. Compared to the control group, Cit supplementation significantly increased the number of viable fetuses, placental blood vessels, placental weight, and fluid volumes. Additionally, Cit supplementation enhanced the synthesis of NO and polyamines, as well as the expression of angiogenic factors and aquaporins in the placenta. Overall, dietary Cit supplementation improved conceptus development and survival by enhancing placental NO and polyamine synthesis and promoting angiogenesis.
EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Makenzie G. Newton, Claire Stenhouse, Katherine M. Halloran, Nirvay Sah, Robyn M. Moses, Wenliang He, Guoyao Wu, Fuller W. Bazer
Summary: The synthesis and secretion of polyamines in the uterus of ewes are regulated by changes in progesterone, estradiol, and their receptors. These hormones and receptors play important roles in the reproductive performance of mammals by affecting the secretion and transport of nutrients in the uterine lumen.
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Claire Stenhouse, Katherine M. Halloran, Makenzie G. Newton, Robyn M. Moses, Nirvay Sah, Larry J. Suva, Dana Gaddy, Fuller W. Bazer
Summary: Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) plays a critical role in phosphate transport and homeostasis at the maternal-conceptus interface in ruminants.
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cui Zhu, Jinling Ye, Yinshan Bai, Shengdi Hu, Chengquan Tan, Fuller W. Bazer, Gregory A. Johnson, Zongyong Jiang, Guoyao Wu
Summary: This study demonstrates that L-arginine regulates the expression of AQP3 and promotes water transport in porcine conceptus trophectoderm cells through NO- and cAMP-dependent signaling pathways.
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xilong Li, Gregory A. Johnson, Huaijun Zhou, Robert C. Burghardt, Fuller W. Bazer, Guoyao Wu
Summary: This study found that dietary supplementation with L-arginine can affect gene expression in the placenta, thereby improving placental growth and embryonic/fetal survival in swine. The results indicate that L-arginine plays a regulatory role in various important metabolic and physiological processes.
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK
(2022)