Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Marlise N. Gunning, Jacob P. Christ, Bas B. van Rijn, Maria P. H. Koster, Gouke J. Bonsel, Joop S. E. Laven, Marinus J. C. Eijkemans, Bart C. J. M. Fauser
Summary: This prospective cohort follow-up study aimed to identify patient features that predict the time to pregnancy leading to term live birth in infertile women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The results showed that race, smoking, BMI, insulin, total testosterone, and SHBG concentrations were associated with the chance of pregnancy.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE ONLINE
(2023)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Leandro M. Velez, Marcus Seldin, Alicia B. Motta
Summary: PCOS is a common endocrinopathy affecting 5-10% of women of reproductive age, characterized by ovarian cysts, ovulation disorders, and hyperandrogenism, along with metabolic abnormalities. Chronic inflammation may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of PCOS.
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Andreas A. Vyrides, Essam El Mahdi, Konstantinos Giannakou
Summary: Anovulation is a common condition characterized by amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, and abnormal uterine bleeding. The most common chronic disorder associated with anovulation is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which affects 6% to 10% of the global population. Ovulation induction (OI) techniques are used in women with PCOS who are unable to conceive naturally. This narrative review provides an overview of the current evidence and available techniques for OI in women with PCOS, discussing their performance and applicability.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Maliheh Amirian, Sedigheh Shariat Moghani, Faezeh Jafarian, Masoumeh Mirteimouri, Shima Nikdoust, Shabnam Niroumand, Maryam Salehi, Aryan Payrovnaziri
Summary: Using pioglitazone for ovulation stimulation in PCOS patients did not show significant advantages in terms of ovary stimulation and pregnancy rate. Although the number of follicles was higher in the pioglitazone group, there were no significant differences in follicle size and pregnancy rate compared to the control group.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marco Mouanness, Zaher Merhi
Summary: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), formed by the reaction between protein and reducing sugars, can impact reproductive health and fertility through inducing inflammation and oxidative stress. This review summarizes the recent data on the pathogenesis of dietary AGEs and their potential impact on female reproductive health and offspring reproduction.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christopher O. Akintayo, Anjola D. Johnson, Olabimpe C. Badejogbin, Kehinde S. Olaniyi, Adesola A. Oniyide, Isaac O. Ajadi, Abdulfatai O. Ojewale, Olorunsola I. Adeyomoye, Adedeji B. Kayode
Summary: The study found that FRD increases ovarian and liver weight, but has no significant impact on hormone levels or histopathological changes in PCOS rats. However, FRD significantly alters hormone levels, resulting in histopathological changes in the fallopian tube and uterus.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stefano Palomba, Carla Colombo, Andrea Busnelli, Donatella Caserta, Giovanni Vitale
Summary: This study comprehensively reviews the relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and thyroid dysfunction by analyzing available evidence in nine main areas of interest. The results suggest that PCOS and thyroid disorders are closely related, and their coexistence may increase the reproductive and metabolic risk of patients. Regular screening for thyroid function and thyroid-specific autoantibodies in women with PCOS, particularly before and during pregnancy, is highly recommended.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Magdalena Skowronska, Michal Pawlowski, Robert Milewski
Summary: This article is a literature review focusing on the connections between lifestyle factors and ovulatory infertility. It discusses the relationships between diet, physical exercise, oxidative stress, sleep, supplementation, and ovulatory infertility, with special emphasis on obesity and insulin resistance. The classification of relationships between ovulation disorders and lifestyle factors is proposed, and areas for further research are indicated. The study shows that diet and physical exercise are promising areas for robust clinical studies, while the relationships between oxidative stress, sleep, and supplementation do not seem to be clinically significant.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Camille Robin, Benjamin Hennart, Franck Broly, Philippine Gruchala, Geoffroy Robin, Sophie Catteau-Jonard
Summary: The genetic polymorphism of cytochromes P450 2D6, 3A4, and 3A5 does not appear to influence the clinical response to CC used to induce ovulation in women with anovulatory PCOS.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lan'e Huang, Aihong Liang, Tianlong Li, Xiaocan Lei, Xi Chen, Biyun Liao, Jinru Tang, Xiting Cao, Gang Chen, Fengyu Chen, Yiyao Wang, Linlin Hu, Weiguo He, Meixiang Li
Summary: This study demonstrated the protective effects of MV on follicular development and endocrine in PCOS rats, indicating MV could effectively improve the ovarian microenvironment and enhance energy production to promote ovulation in young-adult PCOS rats.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Haiyan Yang, Jie Lin, He Li, Zhangwei Liu, Xia Chen, Qianqian Chen
Summary: The study revealed that infertile women with PCOS have lower serum PRL levels within the normal range, which are associated with a higher incidence of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction. Additionally, serum PRL levels were positively correlated with HDL-C and negatively correlated with various anthropometric parameters, sex hormones, fasting lipids, and hepatic biological parameters. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that LH, LH/FSH, E-2, FINS, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-beta were negatively associated with serum PRL after adjusting for age and BMI.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Alawia N. Elasam, Mohamed A. Ahmed, Abdel B. A. Ahmed, Manal E. Sharif, Abdalla Abusham, Bahaeldin Hassan, Ishag Adam
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical and biochemical presentation of different PCOS phenotypes among infertile Sudanese women, finding that phenotype D was the most prevalent in the population, which is different from the global distribution. Additionally, women with phenotype A were older with higher mean blood pressure, while those with phenotype D had a higher waist/hip ratio. More epidemiological studies are needed in the region to account for geographical, ethnic, and genetic variations.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yining Gao, Shutian Jiang, Li Chen, Qianwen Xi, Wenzhi Li, Shaozhen Zhang, Yanping Kuang
Summary: This study investigated the outcomes of intrauterine insemination (IUI) for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and found that the number of previous ovulation induction (OI) cycles was not predictive of IUI outcomes. It is recommended that PCOS patients undergo three cycles of IUI before considering in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Nan-Xing Jiang, Xue-Lian Li
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disease involving metabolic, reproductive, and psychological dysfunctions. Impaired endometrial receptivity and ovulation disorders/anovulation are key factors in PCOS-related infertility, and focusing on endometrial function may offer more realistic solutions. Further research is needed to clarify the clinical relevance of biomarkers associated with decreased endometrial receptivity in PCOS.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah Feigl, Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch, Philipp Klaritsch, Gudrun Pregartner, Sereina Annik Herzog, Elisabeth Lerchbaum, Christian Trummer, Stefan Pilz, Martina Kollmann
Summary: This study found a higher prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity in women with PCOS. There was a significant positive correlation between maternal and neonatal thyroid parameters. However, there was no significant association between thyroid parameters and complication rate.
Article
Neurosciences
Valeska Cid-Jofre, Macarena Garate-Perez, Philip J. Clark, Viviana Valero-Jara, Rodrigo A. Espana, Ramon Sotomayor-Zarate, Gonzalo Cruz, Georgina M. Renard
Summary: Chronic Mod treatment during preadolescence impairs dopaminergic neurotransmission in NAc and decreases the capacity of rats to perceive rewarding effects of social play. It is important to consider potential effects on social behavior when evaluating Mod to treat ADHD in children and adolescents. Social interactions play a crucial role in neurodevelopment during this particular stage.
Article
Neurosciences
Angelica P. Escobar, Jonathan Martinez-Pinto, Francisco Silva-Olivares, Ramon Sotomayor-Zarate, Pablo R. Moya
Summary: EAAT3 overexpression impacts dopamine transmission, making dopamine neurons more sensitive to the effects of amphetamine and leading to an imbalance between the direct and indirect striatal pathways that favors the performance of repetitive behaviors.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hugo F. Miranda, Viviana Noriega, Fernando Sierralta, Ramon Sotomayor-Zarate, Juan Carlos Prieto
Summary: This study evaluated the pharmacological interaction of two NSAIDs, paracetamol and meloxicam, with the antipsychotic drug risperidone in mice. The results showed that risperidone increased the analgesic effects of paracetamol and meloxicam, particularly in tests of inflammatory pain.
FUNDAMENTAL & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Ivanny Carolina Marchant, Steren Chabert, Jonathan Martinez-Pinto, Ramon Sotomayor-Zarate, Ricardo Ramirez-Barrantes, Lilian Acevedo, Claudio Cordova, Pablo Olivero
Summary: Menopause transition is characterized by vulnerability due to estrogen deficiency, which can have detrimental effects on the body such as chronic inflammation and increased risk of age-related disorders. Despite the beneficial effects of estrogen on neurological tissues, clinical evidence regarding hormone treatment in menopausal women is inconclusive. Studies have shown that improved verbal memory is a significant finding from research, highlighting the potential neuroprotective effects of estrogen.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maximiliano Elgueta-Reyes, Victoria B. Velasquez, Pedro Espinosa, Raul Riquelme, Tatiana Dib, Nicole K. Sanguinetti, Angelica P. Escobar, Jonathan Martinez-Pinto, Georgina M. Renard, Ramon Sotomayor-Zarate
Summary: Early life exposure to sex hormones has long-lasting effects on brain areas involved in regulating locomotor and motivation behaviors. This study demonstrates that neonatal exposure to sex hormones alters the brain dopamine system and affects behavioral and neurochemical responses to amphetamine and methylphenidate.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valeska Cid-Jofre, Macarena Moreno, Ramon Sotomayor-Zarate, Gonzalo Cruz, Georgina M. Renard
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of chronic MOD treatment on neurochemicals, dopamine receptor 2 expression, and behavior in the mesocorticolimbic system of young healthy rats. The results showed that chronic use of MOD during adolescence induces behavioral and neurochemical changes associated with the mesocorticolimbic system.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Camila Gonzalez-Arancibia, Victoria Collio, Francisco Silva-Olivares, Paula Montana-Collao, Jonathan Martinez-Pinto, Marcela Julio-Pieper, Ramon Sotomayor-Zarate, Javier A. Bravo
Summary: A stable, rich, and diverse gut microbiota is important for postnatal brain development. Alterations in gut microbiota by factors such as diet, stress, infection, and antibiotics have been associated with various diseases. This study found that early-life exposure to antibiotics affects the development of the microbiota-gut-brain axis, leading to changes in the reward system and response to drug abuse in adulthood.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabriel Galvez, Juan Pablo Gonzalez-Gutierrez, Martin Hodar-Salazar, Ramon Sotomayor-Zarate, Maria Elena Quintanilla, Maria Elena Quilaqueo, Mario Rivera-Meza, Patricio Iturriaga-Vasquez
Summary: This study demonstrates the efficacy of the nAChRs antagonist UFR2709 in reducing the acquisition and long-term consumption of ethanol. The results show that UFR2709 can reduce the seek behavior and intake of ethanol, even when the drug administration is stopped, and induce a reduction in overall ethanol intake by approximately 55%. The use of naive rats also supports the notion that UFR2709 can delay and reduce the genetically adaptive impulse to seek and drink ethanol and prevent excessive intake.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Daniel Arismendi, Constanza Alanis, Pablo Richter, Alfonso H. Paredes
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of exposure to TCS in female rats and found that medium-term exposure to TCS did not significantly alter the estrous cycle, but caused alterations in growth, sex hormone levels, and some elements in rat serum.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bernardita Cayupe, Blanca Troncoso, Carlos Morgan, Patricio Saez-Briones, Ramon Sotomayor-Zarate, Luis Constandil, Alejandro Hernandez, Eugenia Morselli, Rafael Barra
Summary: This article summarizes the impact of early undernutrition on chronic hypertension in fetal programming, focusing on the neuroendocrine and neuroplastic modifications involved. It highlights the role of glucocorticoids in long-term programming of hypertension and discusses the pathological plastic changes at the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus that contribute to the development of chronic hypertension.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Rossy Olivares-Barraza, Jose Luis Marcos, Jonathan Martinez-Pinto, Marco Fuenzalida, Javier A. Bravo, Katia Gysling, Ramon Sotomayor-Zarate
Summary: Obesity, a pandemic associated with lifestyle changes, is caused by excessive consumption of obesogenic foods and reduced physical activity. Brain areas such as the lateral hypothalamus, ventral tegmental area, and nucleus accumbens are involved in the control of feeding in diet-induced obesity. These control systems are regulated by the lateral septum, which contains diverse receptors for neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. The stress-related hormone corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) has been linked to the development of overweight and obesity.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose Luis Marcos, Rossy Olivares-Barraza, Karina Ceballo, Melisa Wastavino, Victor Ortiz, Julio Riquelme, Jonathan Martinez-Pinto, Pablo Munoz, Gonzalo Cruz, Ramon Sotomayor-Zarate
Summary: Obesity-induced neuroinflammation is a chronic inflammation in the central nervous system characterized by increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. It is caused by lifestyle changes such as excessive intake of obesogenic foods and decreased physical activity. Chronic lipid intake triggers neuroinflammation in multiple brain regions, affecting feeding control and leading to metabolic and neurological alterations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wladimir Plaza-Briceno, Victoria B. Velasquez, Francisco Silva-Olivares, Karina Ceballo, Ricardo Cespedes, Gonzalo Jorquera, Gonzalo Cruz, Jonathan Martinez-Pinto, Christian Bonansco, Ramon Sotomayor-Zarate
Summary: Obesity is a pandemic caused by chronic excess in hypercaloric and high-palatable food intake. The global prevalence of obesity has increased in all age categories. However, the neurobiological mechanisms behind the regulation of food intake and the changes in the reward circuit under hypercaloric diet consumption are still not fully understood.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angelica P. Escobar, Christian Bonansco, Gonzalo Cruz, Alexies Dagnino-Subiabre, Marco Fuenzalida, Ignacio Negron, Ramon Sotomayor-Zarate, Jonathan Martinez-Pinto, Gonzalo Jorquera
Summary: Many diseases and degenerative processes activate inflammatory cascades in the nervous system and peripheral organs. Various risk factors, such as addiction, stress, and aging, can trigger inflammation. Evidence shows that the modern lifestyle and recent confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic have contributed to the increase in addictive disorders, neuropsychiatric disorders, and cardiometabolic diseases. This article gathers evidence on how these risk factors activate central and peripheral inflammation, leading to neuropathologies and behaviors associated with poor health. It discusses the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in inflammation generation, as well as how pathology-associated and addictive behaviors worsen these mechanisms, promoting disease progression. Additionally, it lists drugs targeting inflammation-related pathways that may have beneficial effects on addictive, mental, and cardiometabolic illnesses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
S. Pena, M. Rubio, C. Vargas, C. Alanis, A. H. Paredes
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the local involvement of the LIF/LIFR ss system in follicular development and steroidogenesis in rat ovaries. The results showed that LIF and its receptors are present in fertile and sub-fertile ovaries, and LIF varies during the oestrous cycle. LIF was found to activate STAT3 pathways and decrease the number and size of preantral and antral follicles, while increasing the number of corpora lutea and progesterone levels.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)