Journal
BIOLOGY OF BLOOD AND MARROW TRANSPLANTATION
Volume 17, Issue 6, Pages 852-860Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.09.006
Keywords
Iron overload; Acute myeloid leukemia; Acute lymphoblastic leukemia; Myelodysplastic syndromes; Stem cell transplantation
Categories
Funding
- Novartis Oncology
- Jock and Bunny Adams Research and Education Endowment
- National Institutes of Health [CA142106-06]
- Leukemia and Lymphoma Society
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Patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) commonly have an elevated serum ferritin prior to HSCT, which has been associated with increased mortality after transplantation. This has led to the suggestion that iron overload is common and deleterious in this patient population. However, the relationship between serum ferritin and parenchymal iron overload in such patients is unknown. We report a prospective study of 48 patients with acute leukemia (AL) or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) undergoing myeloablative HSCT, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to estimate liver iron content (LIC) and cardiac iron. The median (and range) pre-HSCT value of serum ferritin was 1549 ng/mL (20-6989); serum hepcidin, 59 ng/mL (10-468); labile plasma iron, 0 LPI units (0.0-0.9). Eighty-five percent of patients had hepatic iron overload (HIO), and 42% had significant HIO (LIC >= 5.0 mg/gdw). Only I patient had cardiac iron overload. There was a strong correlation between pre-HSCT serum ferritin and estimated LIC (r = .75), which was mostly dependent on prior transfusion history. Serum hepcidin was appropriately elevated in patients with HIO. Labile plasma iron elevation was rare. A regression calibration analysis supported the hypothesis that elevated pre-HSCT LIC is significantly associated with inferior post-HSCT survival. These results contribute to our understanding of the prevalence, mechanism, and consequences of iron overload in HSCT. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 17: 852-860 (2011) (C) 2011 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
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