Journal
BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
Volume 126, Issue 1-3, Pages 257-268Publisher
HUMANA PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1007/s12011-008-8195-7
Keywords
Oxidative stress; Lead; Spinach chloroplast; Antioxidative enzymes; Lipid peroxides; Oxygen evolution
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [20671067, 30470150]
- Jiangsu Province Universities Natural Science Foundation [06KJB180094]
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Seedlings of spinach were grown in Hoagland's medium containing 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 mu M PbCl2, respectively, for 4 weeks. Chloroplasts were assayed for overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide radicals (O-2(center dot-)) and hydrogen peoxide (H2O2) and of lipid peroxide (malonyldialdehyde) and for activities of the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and guaiacol peroxidase and glutathione content, oxygen-evolving rate, and chlorophyll content. Increase in both ROS and lipid peroxide content and reduction in photosynthesis and activities of the antioxidant defense system indicated that spinach chloroplast underwent a stress condition due to an oxidative attack. Seedling growth cultivated in containing Pb2+ media was significantly inhibited. The results imply that spinach chloroplast was not able to tolerate the oxidative stress induced by Pb2+ due to having no effective antioxidant defense mechanism.
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