Review
Neurosciences
Kenneth Handelman, Fernando Sumiya
Summary: This paper reviews tolerance to stimulant medication treatment for ADHD, highlighting physiological changes related to long-term stimulant usage and strategies to manage tolerance. Long-term follow-up studies demonstrate a lessening medication response over time in a high percentage of patients.
Article
Psychiatry
Feilong Zhu, Boya Liu, Dongqing Kuang, Xiaotong Zhu, Xiaoyu Bi, Yiqi Song, Tianshen Quan, Yiming Yang, Yuanchun Ren
Summary: This study found that moderate-to-vigorous physical activity may be beneficial for improving sleep in adult ADHD patients using stimulant medications. Adhering to the recommended guidelines of 150 minutes of physical activity per week is particularly important in reducing the risk of sleep problems, especially for men.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shao-Wen Zhang, Dan Shen, Yue-tai Yan
Summary: Individuals with ADHD have a higher risk of fracture than the general population, but stimulant ADHD medication appears to be associated with a lower risk of fracture.
ARCHIVES OF OSTEOPOROSIS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Will H. Canu, M. Jamie Cave, Jennifer M. Nelson
Summary: ADHD symptoms and the use of prescribed stimulant medication can influence people's perception of young women, with ADHD symptoms likely to be the primary driver of stigma.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
William E. Pelham, Amy R. Altszuler, Brittany M. Merrill, Joseph S. Raiker, Fiona L. Macphee, Marcela Ramos, Elizabeth M. Gnagy, Andrew R. Greiner, Erika K. Coles, Carol M. Connor, Christopher J. Lonigan, Lisa Burger, Anne S. Morrow, Xin Zhao, James M. Swanson, James G. Waxmonsky, William E. Pelham
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of stimulant medication on the acquisition of academic material in children with ADHD in a classroom setting. The results showed that medication had positive effects on students' seatwork productivity and classroom behavior, but did not improve their learning of new academic material.
JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
William Spalding, Sepehr Farahbakhshian, Martine C. Maculaitis, Eugenia Y. Peck, Amir Goren
Summary: The study found that in adults with ADHD using oral psychostimulants, lower medication adherence was associated with higher levels of absenteeism and related indirect costs.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Kevin M. Antshel, Theresa Parascandola, Lea E. Taylor, Stephen V. Faraone
Summary: The prevalence of stimulant medication misuse is rising among college students, with approximately 12% admitting to a history of misuse in the past year. Male students are more likely to report stimulant misuse compared to females. Having a higher Performance Orientation independently predicts stimulant misuse.
JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Virginia Peisch, Tara Rutter, Carol L. Wilkinson, Anne B. Arnett
Summary: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with significant impairment in psychiatric and functional domains, with the treatment effectiveness of stimulant medication influenced by biomarkers. A review of literature suggests a relationship between event-related potential (ERP) and stimulant response, offering potential for precision medicine care for ADHD patients.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Sean Esteban McCabe, Olivia Figueroa, Vita V. McCabe, Ty S. Schepis, John E. Schulenberg, Philip T. Veliz, Kennedy S. Werner, Timothy E. Wilens
Summary: This study aimed to examine the relationship between age of onset and duration of stimulant therapy for ADHD and cocaine, methamphetamine, and prescription stimulant misuse in adolescence. The results showed that early initiation and longer duration of stimulant therapy were not associated with increased odds of cocaine or methamphetamine use. However, late initiation and shorter duration of stimulant therapy were significantly associated with higher odds of past-year cocaine or prescription stimulant misuse. There were no differences in misuse rates between individuals who received non-stimulant therapy for ADHD and those who initiated early and long-duration stimulant therapy.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Joseph Sadek
Summary: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) assessment is challenging due to malingering or feigning of symptoms, as well as the abuse and diversion of stimulant medication. Recent literature suggests several reasons for malingering and faking ADHD symptoms, including obtaining drugs for performance enhancement, accessing additional services and benefits, recreational use, and illegal selling. Self-report rating measures have proven to be easily simulated by patients without ADHD, making it difficult to detect false positives. This article highlights clinical factors for detecting malingering during ADHD assessment and discusses available tests.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Carolien Torenvliet, Annabeth P. Groenman, Anne G. Lever, K. Richard Ridderinkhof, Hilde M. Geurts
Summary: This study investigates inhibitory performance and task strategies in autistic adults, finding no significant differences in inhibitory difficulties and adaptation between autistic and non-autistic adults. However, autistic individuals made more inhibitory errors when controlling for reaction time. Task timing and strategy differed with age in both groups, suggesting the importance of future longitudinal studies on cognitive aging in neurodevelopmental conditions.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Chris Eaton, Kenneith Yong, Victoria Walter, Gashirai K. Mbizvo, Sinead Rhodes, Richard Fm Chin
Summary: This study assessed the efficacy of stimulant and non-stimulant drugs used to treat individuals with both ADHD and epilepsy. The results showed that the stimulant drug OROS-MPH did not significantly worsen epilepsy, but higher doses were associated with an increased risk of seizures. The non-stimulant drug omega-3, when used in combination with other medications, reduced seizure frequency. However, the certainty of evidence for these outcomes was low, and further research is needed.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Iman Idrees, Alessio Bellato, Samuele Cortese, Madeleine J. Groom
Summary: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the impacts of stimulant and non-stimulant medications on autonomic functioning in individuals with ADHD. We searched multiple databases for relevant studies and included a variety of measures for autonomic activity. The findings suggest that both stimulants and non-stimulants can increase heart rate and blood pressure in individuals with ADHD, and stimulant use is associated with increased arousal as indicated by electrodermal activity and pupil diameter. However, the diverse methodologies employed in the included studies highlight the need for more standardized and rigorous research to fully elucidate the relationship between arousal, medication, and behavior in ADHD.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Trevor T. -J. Chong, Erika Fortunato, Mark A. Bellgrove
Summary: This study found that individuals with ADHD have lower motivation in both cognitive and physical domains, and amphetamine-based medication can increase their motivation. The results also showed that amphetamine treatment effectively restores motivation in ADHD individuals, bringing it to levels similar to healthy controls. These findings provide clear evidence for increased sensitivity to effort in individuals with ADHD and demonstrate the domain-general role of catecholamines in motivating effortful behavior.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Muhammad Ali, Nickolas Dreher, Theodore Hannah, Adam Li, Nek Asghar, Zachary Spiera, Naoum Fares Marayati, John Durbin, Alex Gometz, Mark Lovell, Tanvir Choudhri
Summary: The study found that youth athletes with ADHD who were treated with stimulants had a lower risk of concussion and less severe neurocognitive dysfunction after concussion. The use of stimulants in ADHD patients may help reduce the incidence of concussion and improve the quality of recovery.
ORTHOPAEDIC JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Alessio Bellato, Iti Arora, Puja Kochhar, Chris Hollis, Madeleine J. Groom
Summary: The study investigated autonomic arousal, attention, and response conflict in individuals with ADHD and autism, finding that slower and less accurate performance characterized both ADHD and autism, with different electrophysiological indices. The relationship between ADHD and slower task performance was mediated by reduced HRV.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rebecca M. Joseph, Ruth H. Jack, Richard Morriss, Roger David Knaggs, Debbie Butler, Chris Hollis, Julia Hippisley-Cox, Carol Coupland
Summary: Patients prescribed mirtazapine have a higher all-cause mortality rate compared to those prescribed second-line SSRIs, with an increased risk of death, especially from cancer and respiratory diseases.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jenny Retzler, Samantha Johnson, Madeleine J. Groom, Lucy Cragg
Summary: Research indicates that children born very preterm may have impairments in information processing and visuo-spatial memory, with term-born children performing better in certain tasks. Differences in performance were observed between the two groups in short-term and working memory tasks.
CHILD NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
David Coghill, Tobias Banaschewski, Samuele Cortese, Philip Asherson, Daniel Brandeis, Jan Buitelaar, David Daley, Marina Danckaerts, Ralf W. Dittmann, Manfred Doepfner, Maite Ferrin, Chris Hollis, Martin Holtmann, Santosh Paramala, Edmund Sonuga-Barke, Cesar Soutullo, Hans-Christoph Steinhausen, Saskia van der Oord, Ian C. K. Wong, Alessandro Zuddas, Emily Simonoff
Summary: ADHD is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children and adolescents, and timely interventions are a priority. However, current research reports and reviews on interventions for ADHD often lack consistency and are difficult to interpret. Clinicians need to consider methodological issues and gaps in the evidence when evaluating treatments for ADHD.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Charlotte L. Hall, Louise Marston, Kareem Khan, Beverley J. Brown, Charlotte Sanderson, Per Andren, Sophie Bennett, Isobel Heyman, David Mataix-Cols, Eva Serlachius, Chris Hollis, Tara Murphy
Summary: A study on children and young people with tic disorders found that the COVID-19 pandemic did not significantly impact existing tic symptoms, regardless of age, gender, symptoms of anxiety, or autism spectrum disorder.
CHILD PSYCHIATRY & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Chris Hollis, Charlotte L. Hall, Kareem Khan, Rebecca Jones, Louise Marston, Marie Le Novere, Rachael Hunter, Per Andren, Sophie D. Bennett, Beverley J. Brown, Liam R. Chamberlain, E. Bethan Davies, Amber Evans, Natalia Kouzoupi, Caitlin McKenzie, Charlotte Sanderson, Isobel Heyman, Joseph Kilgariff, Cristine Glazebrook, David Mataix-Cols, Eva Serlachius, Elizabeth Murray, Tara Murphy
Summary: This study evaluated the long-term clinical and cost effectiveness of online therapist-supported exposure and response prevention (ERP) therapy for treating tics. The results showed that online ERP therapy reduced tic severity and had long-lasting effects at 12 and 18 months after treatment initiation. The economic evaluation indicated that online ERP therapy is a cost-effective intervention.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Samuele Cortese, Frank M. C. Besag, Bruce Clark, Chris Hollis, Joseph Kilgariff, Carmen Moreno, Dasha Nicholls, Paul Wilkinson, Marc Woodbury-Smith, Aditya Sharma
Summary: The British Association for Psychopharmacology offers a popular course on child and adolescent psychopharmacology that has been running for over 20 years. This article provides evidence-based and/or expert-informed answers to common questions on various mental health disorders in children and young people. It aims to assist prescribers in their daily clinical practice and encourages further research in the field of child and adolescent psychopharmacology.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Aislinn D. Gomez Bergin, Althea Z. Valentine, Stefan Rennick-Egglestone, Mike Slade, Chris Hollis, Charlotte L. Hall
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the reporting of adverse events (AEs) in randomized controlled trials of digital mental health interventions. The study found significant variation in the reporting of AEs in these trials, highlighting the need for specific guidelines to improve future reporting.
JMIR MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ruth H. Jack, Rebecca M. Joseph, Carol A. C. Coupland, Charlotte L. Hall, Chris Hollis
Summary: Since the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an increase in sudden and new onset tics, particularly affecting teenage girls. This population-based study found that the incidence of tics in children and young people has increased during the pandemic, with the highest increase seen in teenage girls.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Chris Hollis, Charlotte L. Hall, Kareem Khan, Marie Le Novere, Louise Marston, Rebecca Jones, Rachael Hunter, Beverley J. Brown, Charlotte Sanderson, Per Andren, Sophie Bennett, Liam R. Chamberlain, Bethan Davies, Amber Evans, Natalia Kouzoupi, Caitlin Mckenzie, Isobel Heyman, Joseph Kilgariff, Cristine Glazebrook, David Mataix-Cols, Eva Serlachius, Elizabeth Murray, Tara Murphy
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of an online-delivered, therapist- and parent-supported therapy for young people with tic disorders. The results showed that this therapy was clinically and cost-effective in reducing tics, with durable benefits extending up to 18 months.
HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Alessio Bellato, Charlotte L. Hall, Madeleine J. Groom, Emily Simonoff, Anita Thapar, Chris Hollis, Samuele Cortese
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the accuracy and clinical utility of the QbTest in the clinical assessment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The results showed that the QbTest has limited accuracy in discriminating between ADHD and non-ADHD clinical cases. However, when used as an adjunct to a full clinical assessment, the QbTest can improve assessment efficiency and reduce diagnosis time.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Hayley Denyer, Qigang Deng, Abimbola Adanijo, Philip Asherson, Andrea Bilbow, Amos Folarin, Madeleine J. Groom, Chris Hollis, Til Wykes, Richard J. B. Dobson, Jonna Kuntsi, Sara Simblett
Summary: Remote measurement technology (RMT) has the potential to address challenges of ADHD symptoms and co-occurring mental health problems. This study evaluated barriers to and facilitators of using RMT in individuals with ADHD compared with those without the disorder, and explored participants' views on using RMT for future studies.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
A. Jess Williams, Ellen Townsend, Nkem Naeche, Amelia Chapman-Nisar, Chris Hollis, Petr Slovak
Summary: This study investigates the feasibility and acceptability of Purrble, a new in situ intervention tool, among minority youth. The pilot studies show that participants found Purrble to be a feasible and acceptable intervention that helped them interrupt the cycle of self-harmful thoughts and behaviors.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2023)
Letter
Psychiatry
Chris Hollis, Charlotte L. Hall, Louise Marston
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Iti Arora, Alessio Bellato, Teodora Gliga, Danielle Ropar, Puja Kochhar, Chris Hollis, Madeleine Groom
Summary: Individuals with stronger autistic features have greater difficulty processing complex or unpredictable information, often showing longer looks to repeating stimuli and shorter looks to changing stimuli.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Maya Jammoul, Dareen Jammoul, Kevin K. Wang, Firas Kobeissy, Ralph G. Depalma
Summary: This article reviews the possible mechanisms by which traumatic brain injury (TBI) may stimulate the development of opioid use disorder (OUD) and discusses the interaction between these two processes. CNS damage due to TBI appears to drive adverse effects of subsequent OUD, with pain being a risk factor for opioid use after TBI.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Danusa Mar Arcego, Jan-Paul Buschdorf, Nicholas O'Toole, Zihan Wang, Barbara Barth, Irina Pokhvisneva, Nirmala Arul Rayan, Sachin Patel, Euclides Jose de Mendonca Filho, Patrick Lee, Jennifer Tan, Ming Xuan Koh, Chu Ming Sim, Carine Parent, Randriely Merscher Sobreira de Lima, Andrew Clappison, Kieran J. O'Donnell, Carla Dalmaz, Janine Arloth, Nadine Provencal, Elisabeth B. Binder, Josie Diorio, Patricia Pelufo Silveira, Michael J. Meaney
Summary: This study investigates the impact of environmental influences on mental health by integrating transcriptomic data from animal models with human data. The results suggest that hippocampal glucocorticoid-related transcriptional activity mediates the effects of early adversity on neural mechanisms implicated in psychiatric disorders.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Milenna T. van Dijk, Ardesheer Talati, Pratik Kashyap, Karan Desai, Nora C. Kelsall, Marc J. Gameroff, Natalie Aw, Eyal Abraham, Breda Cullen, Jiook Cha, Christoph Anacker, Myrna M. Weissman, Jonathan Posner
Summary: This study found that maternal stress is associated with future depressive symptoms and alterations in microstructure of the dentate gyrus (DG) in offspring. These results were consistent across two independent cohorts.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Josephine C. McGowan, Liliana R. Ladner, Claire X. Shubeck, Juliana Tapia, Christina T. LaGamma, Amanda Anqueira-Gonzalez, Ariana DeFrancesco, Briana K. Chen, Holly C. Hunsberger, Ezra J. Sydnor, Ryan W. Logan, Tzong-Shiue Yu, Steven G. Kernie, Christine A. Denny
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to fear generalization by altering fear memory traces, and this symptom can be improved with (R,S)-ketamine.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)