Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luca Campisi, Concettina La Motta
Summary: This review summarizes the structural and functional characteristics of coenzyme Q(10) and evaluates its use in individuals affected by fibromyalgia. Through a comprehensive analysis of literature and clinical studies from the past 15 years, the advantages and limitations of this supplement are highlighted.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francisco M. Gutierrez-Mariscal, Silvia de la Cruz-Ares, Jose D. Torres-Pena, Juan F. Alcala-Diaz, Elena M. Yubero-Serrano, Jose Lopez-Miranda
Summary: CoQ(10) plays a key role in the electron transport chain and acts as an antioxidant, deficiency of which can lead to chronic and age-related diseases, particularly in cardiovascular diseases. Clinical trials have analyzed the effect of CoQ(10) supplementation as a therapeutic approach to improve deficiencies in patients with cardiovascular diseases.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Franchek Drobnic, Ma Antonia Lizarraga, Alberto Caballero-Garcia, Alfredo Cordova
Summary: Evidence suggests that ROS can cause muscular injury and decrease physical performance. Therefore, supplementation with antioxidants is important for physically active individuals to recover from fatigue and prevent exercise damage. Coenzyme Q(10) has shown potential as a supplement for optimizing exercise performance and protecting muscles during exercise.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sining Wang, Akash Jain, Noelle Alexa Novales, Audrey N. Nashner, Fiona Tran, Catherine F. Clarke
Summary: This study analyzed the structural and functional impact of 429 human missense SNVs in the CoQ synthome and identified 115 potentially pathogenic variants. Further experimental validation is needed to confirm the pathogenicity of these variants.
Review
Cell Biology
Ying Wang, Siegfried Hekimi
Summary: Mutations in CoQ(10) biosynthetic genes can cause primary CoQ(10) deficiency, but there is little evidence for the efficacy of CoQ(10) treatment.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carmine Staiano, Laura Garcia-Corzo, David Mantle, Nadia Turton, Lauren E. Millichap, Gloria Brea-Calvo, Iain Hargreaves
Summary: Coenzyme Q (CoQ or CoQ(10)) was initially believed to be important only for mitochondrial respiratory chain, but recent studies show its essential role in various redox processes within different cellular membrane types. Endogenous CoQ biosynthesis is crucial for cellular function, and defects in this pathway lead to primary CoQ deficiencies, characterized by decreased tissue CoQ levels and subsequent functional defects. Secondary CoQ deficiencies can also arise from various cellular dysfunctions unrelated to biosynthesis. This article reviews the current understanding of CoQ biosynthesis, the defects causing diminished CoQ(10) levels in human tissues, and their clinical manifestations.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Albert E. Raizner, Miguel A. Quinones
Summary: Coenzyme Q(10) is a naturally occurring compound in animals and humans, playing a fundamental role in cellular energy production. Deficiency of CoQ(10) may be related to symptoms like statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) and features observed in heart failure (HF) patients. While conflicting results have been seen in clinical trials of CoQ(10) in SAMS, meta-analyses support its use. Additional research is needed to explore the potential benefits of exogenous CoQ(10) in patients with HF.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rocio de la Bella-Garzon, Cristina Fernandez-Portero, David Alarcon, Josue G. Amian, Guillermo Lopez-Lluch
Summary: This study found that CoQ(10) levels in blood are directly associated with cardiovascular risk, physical activity, and muscle capacity in elderly people. It also showed a negative correlation with sedentarism and frailty index. Furthermore, gender differences were observed, with stronger correlations in women.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naohide Kuriyama, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Harumasa Nakazawa, Tyler Wen, Lorenzo Berra, Edward A. Bittner, Jeremy Goverman, Masao Kaneki
Summary: This study found that high-dose supplementation of reduced CoQ10 increased intracellular and plasma levels of CoQ10 in burn patients.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ilenia Cirilli, Elisabetta Damiani, Phiwayinkosi Vusi Dludla, Iain Hargreaves, Fabio Marcheggiani, Lauren Elizabeth Millichap, Patrick Orlando, Sonia Silvestri, Luca Tiano
Summary: Coenzyme Q(10) plays a significant role in health and disease through its classical antioxidant and bioenergetic functions, as well as novel mechanisms involving redox-regulated activation of molecular pathways. While cardiovascular research and fertility are major fields of application for Coenzyme Q(10), there is growing interest in new applications, particularly in relation to topical use. Bioavailability is a major challenge, and innovation in formulation aspects is becoming increasingly important in this regard.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Arthur Burgardt, Ludovic Pelosi, Mahmoud Hajj Chehade, Volker F. Wendisch, Fabien Pierrel
Summary: This study demonstrates the successful improvement of heterologous CoQ10 production strain by engineering Corynebacterium glutamicum. The strain showed increased CoQ10 content and titer, while reducing the accumulation of other isoprenologs.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juan Diego Hernandez-Camacho, Laura Garcia-Corzo, Daniel Jose Moreno Fernandez-Ayala, Placido Navas, Guillermo Lopez-Lluch
Summary: Coenzyme Q is a crucial lipidic molecule essential for maintaining aerobic metabolism, promoting ATP synthesis in mitochondria, exerting antioxidant functions in cellular membranes, regulating cellular redox homeostasis, and controlling various apoptosis mechanisms. Its levels and reactions play important roles in aging, age-associated metabolic disorders, and combating diseases, as well as enhancing physical performance in aging individuals.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesco Pallotti, Christian Bergamini, Costanza Lamperti, Romana Fato
Summary: Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a crucial component of the respiratory chain in eukaryotic cells, functioning as an electron transporter in mitochondrial respiration. Its cellular functions are diverse, including limiting the harmful effect of free radicals and participating in the aging process. Recent studies also suggest that CoQ contributes to suppressing a type of iron-dependent programmed cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation. Understanding the multiple functions of CoQ is essential for its potential therapeutic use in diseases associated with primary or secondary CoQ deficiency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Javier Frontinan-Rubio, Yoana Rabanal-Ruiz, Mario Duran-Prado, Francisco Javier Alcain
Summary: The study demonstrates that CoQ10 is the most effective ubiquinone in preventing NADPH oxidase activity and reducing reactive oxygen species generation induced by Aβ(25-35), ultimately protecting endothelial brain cells from apoptosis and necrosis. This specific cytoprotective effect of CoQ10 with a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units is attributed to its ability to significantly reduce the entry of Aβ(25-35) into mitochondria.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hiroshi Kubo, Yorihiro Yamamoto, Akio Fujisawa
Summary: This study found that orally administered ubiquinol-10 and ubiquinone-10 mostly reached the small intestine without oxidizing to ubiquinone-10 and reducing to ubiquinol-10, and both were absorbed by the small intestine tissue in almost their original forms.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY AND NUTRITION
(2023)