Article
Microbiology
Harmanjit Kaur, Tashima, Sandeep Singh, Pankaj Kumar
Summary: Cadmium is a dangerous heavy metal for plants due to its solubility and interference with various processes. It enters the food chain and poses a threat to the ecosystem and humans. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have shown promise in remediation of Cd-polluted soils by reducing Cd uptake by plants and promoting plant metabolism. This article highlights the impact of Cd on AM growth, AM diversity in Cd-contaminated soils, and the mechanisms of AM-mediated Cd tolerance in plants.
MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yifan Huang, Jiahui Chen, Derui Zhang, Bo Fang, Tsering YangJin, Jianwen Zou, Yahua Chen, Nana Su, Jin Cui
Summary: The study found that exogenous glutathione reduces cadmium accumulation in roots by up-regulating BOT1/2 expression, promoting PC synthesis, and enhancing the expression of BcABCC1/2, all of which contribute to the compartmentalization of Cd in root vacuoles in pakchoi under Cd stress.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Na Li, Li Yang, Kuiwei Chen, Yuchen Kang, Yuan Cao, Hengwei Du, Haiyan Mou, Hui Sun, Tianqi Ao, Wenqing Chen
Summary: Soil cadmium (Cd) pollution poses a significant threat to the safe production of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in China. The tubers of Bletilla striata, a valuable TCM, are widely used for various ailments but are affected by high Cd accumulation. Selenium (Se) has been shown to reduce Cd concentration in traditional crops, but its impact on medicinal parts and overall quality is not well-studied. This study found that foliar Se application effectively countered Cd damage, reducing Cd content, increasing biomass, and enhancing the medicinal properties of tubers. These findings have important implications for the cultivation of TCM and sustainable agricultural practices.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yuchen Kang, Jiaxin Liu, Li Yang, Na Li, Yuhao Wang, Tianqi Ao, Wenqing Chen
Summary: This study aimed to improve the efficiency of phytoremediation by enhancing Cd tolerance in Amaranthus hypochondriacus through exogenous rutin application. The addition of rutin reduced cell membrane damage, increased Cd immobilization in the cell wall, and advanced the conversion of glutathione to phytochelatins, leading to higher Cd accumulation in the leaves. Overall, the efficiency of phytoremediation and phytoextraction of Amaranthus hypochondriacus were significantly increased with rutin application, providing a constructive approach for soil remediation in Cd-contaminated fields.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Erika Bellini, Elena Bandoni, Silvia Giardini, Carlo Sorce, Carmelina Spano, Stefania Bottega, Debora Fontanini, Arian Kola, Daniela Valensin, Andrea Bertolini, Alessandro Saba, Luca Paoli, Andrea Andreucci, Mingai Li, Claudio Varotto, Luigi Sanita di Toppi
Summary: Plants have developed mechanisms to control the uptake and accumulation of both essential and non-essential metals. This includes chelation and sequestration of metals by thiol ligands, such as glutathione and phytochelatins. In the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, the cell wall moderately reduces the influx of cadmium into cells, and intracellularly, cadmium induces the activity of phytochelatin synthase, leading to synthesis of phytochelatins. Glutathione and phytochelatins chelate cadmium at the cytosolic level, allowing its detoxification.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
T. Zhu, X. Liu, M. Zhang, M. Chen
Summary: Salicornia europaea can tolerate Cd stress in saline-alkali soil through mechanisms such as increased antioxidant enzyme activity, up-regulation of specific genes, increased content of PCs and activity of PCS.
Article
Plant Sciences
Alberto Gonzalez, Daniel Laporte, Alejandra Moenne
Summary: The study found that cadmium induced oxidative stress in Ulva compressa, which was mitigated by activating antioxidant enzymes and synthesizing glutathione and ascorbate. Calcium-dependent protein kinases, calmodulin-dependent protein kinases, calcineurin B-like protein kinases, and MAPKs are involved in cadmium accumulation and GSH and phytochelatin synthesis.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Sheng-Kai Sun, Jie Chen, Fang-Jie Zhao
Summary: This review discusses the regulatory mechanisms in sulfur metabolism that affect the uptake, distribution, and tolerance to toxic metals and metalloids in plants, focusing on arsenic and cadmium. Plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms, including chelation and vacuolar sequestration, to cope with excess trace metals and metalloids in soils. Sulfur-containing compounds play a crucial role in detoxification, and sulfur uptake and assimilation are regulated in response to the stress of toxic trace metals and metalloids. This review also explores recent progress in understanding the regulation of biosynthesis and sensing mechanism of sulfur homeostasis and discusses possible strategies for manipulating sulfur metabolism to limit the accumulation of arsenic and cadmium in food crops.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Noura Sh. A. Hagaggi, Usama M. Abdul-Raouf
Summary: An endophytic bacterium strain EPS, isolated from the roots of common bean, showed Cd tolerance and Cd-adsorption potentials. Inoculation of strain EPS enhanced the antioxidant defense of safflower plants under Cd-stress conditions by increasing the levels of antioxidant molecules and improving the activities of antioxidative enzymes.
ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Johanna Krippner, Sven Schubert
Summary: Parsley and spinach cultivars showed differences in metal uptake, translocation, and resistance, with spinach being more susceptible to cadmium toxicity compared to parsley. Despite similar zinc tissue concentrations, parsley did not exhibit zinc toxicity symptoms.
JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AND SOIL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Fawzy Mahmoud Salama, Arwa Abdulkreem AL-Huqail, Mohammed Ali, Amany H. A. Abeed
Summary: The halophyte Salicornia fruticosa has the potential to tolerate and accumulate cadmium in high-salt environments, making it a potential candidate for remediation of heavy metal-contaminated saline soils.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sadhna Ramakrishnan, Tharani Muruganraj, Rikhia Majumdar, Shobana Sugumar
Summary: Metal-resistant bacteria, such as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, have rapid multiplication and growth rates, making them ideal for metal removal applications. This study investigates the role of EPS in response to Cd, as well as the binding behavior and biosorption mechanism between EPS and Cd. SEM analysis showed significant morphological changes, and FTIR identified main structural groups like carboxyl and hydroxyl, confirming the presence of EPS. The study also explores the mechanism of cross-reactivity between exopolysaccharide and siderophore production in metal-tolerant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Stephanie A. Maggio, Philip K. Janney, Jeffrey J. Jenkins
Summary: Chlorpyrifos (CPF) and its metabolic product chlorpyrifos-oxon (CPFO) both exhibit neurotoxic effects, with CPFO being more acutely toxic to Daphnia magna. However, neither compound showed effects on reproduction or growth in chronic exposures to D. magna.
Article
Microbiology
Yang Deng, Xue-Fei Han, Zhu-Ming Jiang, Li-Yan Yu, Yong Li, Yu-Qin Zhang
Summary: In this study, three strains of Stenotrophomonas bacteria were isolated from medicinal plant roots, freshwater, and sandy soils. Through comprehensive analysis, it was determined that these strains belong to two new species, suggesting their potential as plant growth-promoting microorganisms.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Julia A. Penatzer, Nicole Prince, Julie Miller, Mackenzie Newman, Cayla Lynch, Gerald R. Hobbs, Jonathan W. Boyd
Summary: Chlorpyrifos is a widely-used pesticide in agriculture with certain occupations at higher risk for exposure, which can lead to brain injury. Workers with the highest risk of exposure experience elevated cortisol levels, leading to physiological stress. A mouse model combining corticosterone with chlorpyrifos oxon showed increased neuroinflammation post-exposure.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2021)