Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kai Kou, Shuxuan Li, Wei Qiu, Zhongqi Fan, Mingqian Li, Guoyue Lv
Summary: Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) upregulate hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) expression in response to fibrosis-induced hypoxia. Increased expression of alpha-SMA, HIF-1 alpha, and IL-6 was observed in liver fibrotic tissues, along with their colocalization. HIF-1 alpha induced IL-6 secretion in activated HSCs by binding to the HRE region in the IL6 promoter. HIF-1 alpha also promoted IL-17A expression and secretion in HSCs, mediated by IL-17A-enriched supernatant.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hiroko Shiraki, Shigeru Tanaka, Yun Guo, Kana Harada, Izumi Hide, Tomoharu Yasuda, Norio Sakai
Summary: GPR3 is immediately induced by T cell stimulation and plays an important role in suppressing effector T cell activation.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Anze Smole, Alexander Benton, Mathilde A. Poussin, Monika A. Eiva, Claudia Mezzanotte, Barbara Camisa, Beatrice Greco, Prannda Sharma, Nicholas G. Minutolo, Falon Gray, Adham S. Bear, Miren L. Baroja, Casey Cummins, Chong Xu, Francesca Sanvito, Andrea Lang Goldgewicht, Tatiana Blanchard, Alba Rodriguez-Garcia, Michael Klichinsky, Chiara Bonini, Carl H. June, Avery D. Posey Jr, Gerald P. Linette, Beatriz M. Carreno, Monica Casucci, Daniel J. Powell Jr
Summary: In this study, a genetic platform called Uni-Vect was developed to combine CAR-T cells with the expression of accessory molecules, providing a foundation for a more clinically actionable cellular immunotherapy.
Article
Cell Biology
Hanqing Zhao, Zhenke Wen, Sidong Xiong
Summary: Activated lymphocyte-derived DNA (ALD-DNA) plays an essential role in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by driving the polarization of macrophages and inducing inflammation. Glucose metabolism is involved in ALD-DNA-induced macrophage inflammatory response, with increased glycolysis, diminished pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), and enhanced glycogenesis. Blockade of lactate generation has no significant effect, while scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibits the inflammatory response of ALD-DNA-stimulated macrophages.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
J. Loske, J. Roehmel, S. Lukassen, S. Stricker, Vg Magalhaes, J. Liebig, Rl Chua, L. Thurmann, M. Messingschlager, A. Seegebarth, B. Timmermann, S. Klages, M. Ralser, B. Sawitzki, Le Sander, Vm Corman, C. Conrad, S. Laudi, M. Binder, S. Trump, R. Eils, M. A. Mall, I Lehmann
Summary: Children exhibit higher basal expression of relevant pattern recognition receptors in airway immune cells, resulting in stronger early innate antiviral responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to adults. Unique immune cell subpopulations, including cytotoxic T cells and memory CD8+ T cells, predominantly occur in children.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Katharina Lambert, Kirsten E. Diggins, Britta E. Jones, Christian Hundhausen, Megan D. Maerz, Anne M. Hocking, Srinath Sanda, Carla J. Greenbaum, Peter S. Linsley, Karen Cerosaletti, Jane H. Buckner
Summary: This study investigated the effects of interleukin-6 (IL-6) on T cell fate and found significant heterogeneity in mbIL-6R and gp130 expression and IL-6-driven pSTAT1/3 responses in T cell subsets. In addition, IL-6 altered the expression of transcription factors and surface receptors, and affected the expression of apoptosis markers. These findings are important for understanding the role of IL-6 in disease pathogenesis and developing effective therapies for T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Hana Stepanova, Marketa Scheirichova, Jan Matiasovic, Karolina Hlavova, Marek Sinkora, Katerina Stepanova, Martin Faldyna
Summary: This study focused on the early development of IL-17 producing cells in swine, finding that alpha beta T-helper and gamma delta T cells are the major producers of IL-17. The frequency of IL-17 positive alpha beta T-helper cells increased with age, while IL-17 positive gamma delta T cells showed an increase only in MLN. CD8+CD27- alpha beta T-helper cells were the main producers in all tissues, while IL-17 positive CD8+CD27+ alpha beta T-helper cells were found only in blood and spleen. The presence of microbiota was found to be crucial for the increase in IL-17 positive cells, as germ-free animals showed negligible production without age-dependent increase.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lavanya B. Achanta, Donald S. Thomas, Gary D. Housley, Caroline D. Rae
Summary: AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays an important role in balancing anabolic and catabolic activities, and may have significant impacts on brain metabolism due to its high energy demands. Through NMR spectroscopy, we activated AMPK in guinea pig cortical tissue slices using direct and indirect activators, and found that different activator concentrations had distinct effects on metabolism. Direct activation with PF 06409577 increased Krebs cycle activity and restored pyruvate metabolism, while A769662 increased lactate and alanine production, as well as labeling of citrate and glutamine. These findings highlight the complex metabolic response to AMPK activators in the brain and emphasize the need for further research on their concentration- and mechanism-dependent impact.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sudheendra Hebbar Subramanyam, Klaus Tenbrock
Summary: CREM is a transcriptional regulator in CD4(+) T cells, influencing the expression of various effector cytokines and playing a crucial role in T cell functions, particularly in autoimmune diseases.
BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Regina J. Lin, Andrew R. Nager, Spencer Park, Janette Sutton, Cecilia Lay, Zea Melton, Yi Zhang, Bijan Boldajipour, Thomas J. Van Blarcom, Siler H. Panowski, Barbra J. Sasu, Javier Chaparro-Riggers
Summary: Engineering iTurboCAR T cells allows for flexible control of cellular phenotype and function, leading to improved antitumor efficacy while minimizing viral cargo footprint.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Natalie F. McMyn, Joseph Varriale, Emily J. Fray, Carolin Zitzmann, Hannah MaCleod, Jun Lai, Anushka Singhal, Milica Moskovljevic, Mauro A. Garcia, Brianna M. Lopez, Vivek Hariharan, Kyle Rhodehouse, Kenneth Lynn, Pablo Tebas, Karam Mounzer, Luis J. Montaner, Erika Benko, Colin Kovacs, Rebecca Hoh, Francesco R. Simonetti, Gregory M. Laird, Steven G. Deeks, Ruy M. Ribeiro, Alan S. Perelson, Robert F. Siliciano, Janet M. Siliciano
Summary: HIV-1 persists in a latent reservoir in resting CD4+ T cells despite antiretroviral therapy. While the reservoir slowly decays over the first 7 years of ART, this decay does not continue with long-term ART. Proliferation of infected cells counteracts the decrease, maintaining the frequency of inducible, replication-competent proviruses at roughly constant levels over the long term. These findings emphasize the need for lifelong ART.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Wenjia Qiu, Ning Kang, Yanxu Wu, Yongjun Cai, Li Xiao, Haiyan Ge, Huili Zhu
Summary: MAIT cells in COPD patients exhibit distinct biological functions, producing more IL-17 and less IFN-γ compared to healthy individuals, and are correlated with inflammation levels and lung function. These cells are highly expressed in inflammatory tissues, suggesting a potential role in COPD immunopathology.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Xin Zhao, Xiaolin Liu, Yun Feng, Deshun Shi, Fenghua Lu
Summary: Culturing buffalo oocytes and embryos with 5% oxygen concentration improves their developmental competence, possibly through the regulation of HIF1a expression and glycolysis. This study provides insights into the role of oxygen regulation in oocytes maturation and early embryo development.
Article
Immunology
Jianwei Wang, Ruiqing Zhou, Limei Zhong, Yinchun Chen, Xiaojun Wu, Liping Huang, Yan Tian, Wenjian Mo, Shunqing Wang, Yufeng Liu
Summary: Using single cell mass cytometry analysis, this study revealed that patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) have decreased frequencies of gamma delta T cells and increased proportions of IL-17A-producing cell subsets. Cytokine network analysis showed a significant positive relationship between IL-17A production and disease severity. Furthermore, the study found that gamma delta T17 cells play a role in mediating autoreactive T-cell activation in SAA and could serve as a diagnostic indicator for monitoring autoreactive T-cell activation status in aplastic anemia.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ning-Ping Foo, Yu-Fan Liu, Ping-Ching Wu, Chung-Hsi Hsing, Bu-Miin Huang, Edmund-Cheung So
Summary: This study found that MDZ suppressed the current density of I-K(DR) in a concentration-, time-, and state-dependent manner in Jurkat T-lymphocytes, and affected immune-regulating cytokine expression in LPS/PMA-treated human T lymphocytes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
A. Prabakaran, Amit Alexander
Summary: The molecular interactions and mucoadhesive nature of chitosan-coated liposomes with mucin are crucial for the development of an effective drug delivery system. The positively charged SA-CH-LPs showed stronger interaction and better mucoadhesive properties compared to negatively charged SALPs, thereby improving drug retention in the nasal cavity and enhancing therapeutic efficacy.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maryam Noei-Khesht Masjedi, Esmaeil Sadroddiny, Jafar Ai, Saeed Balalaie, Yazdan Asgari
Summary: This study discovered an effective strategy for cargo sorting within exosomes by incorporating an appropriate cleavage site, providing further insight into the potential of exosomes as nano-shuttles bearing therapeutic biomolecules.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pei -Gee Yap, Chee-Yuen Gan
Summary: This study collected the sequences of 128 tyrosinase inhibitory peptides and analyzed their hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity properties and amino acid profiles. Molecular docking analysis was used to investigate the binding interactions between peptides and tyrosinase. The study found that hydrophobic and/or polar neutral properties facilitate or stabilize peptide binding with tyrosinase, and short peptides with cysteine and tyrosine tend to bind to the active site of tyrosinase. These findings provide detailed explanations for the relationship between peptide/amino acid structures and tyrosinase inhibition, as well as potential anti-melanogenesis mechanisms for peptide-based treatments against skin hyperpigmentation.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ye Yang, Hai-Lian Chen, Su Fang Wu, Wei Bao
Summary: The study found that CHMP4B and VPS4A play an important role in reversing GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis by facilitating cell membrane remodeling in endometrial carcinoma.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aya Al Othman, Dmitry Bagrov, Julian M. Rozenberg, Olga Glazova, Gleb Skryabin, Elena Tchevkina, Alexandre Mezentsev, Mikhail Durymanov
Summary: Arc protein is found in glutamatergic neurons of vertebrates and can be transferred between neurons in extracellular vesicles (EVs). In glioma cells, Arc protein is also present in EVs and can facilitate the transfer of mRNA, potentially contributing to tumor progression and affecting synaptic plasticity in cancer patients.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nan Zhang, Meng-yu Shen, Qing-li Meng, Hao-ping Sun, Fang-yi Fan, Hai Yi, Yong-jian Yang
Summary: In this study, it was demonstrated for the first time that FAT1 inhibited AML proliferation by reducing autophagy level. FAT1 achieved this by decreasing the expression of ATG4B, which is related to autophagy. Mechanistically, FAT1 decreased the levels of phosphorylated and intranuclear smad2/3, thus decreasing the activity of the ATG4B gene promoter. It was also found that FAT1 competitively bound to TGF-beta R II, leading to reduced phosphorylation of TGF-beta R I and smad2/3. Knockdown of FAT1 promoted AML autophagy and proliferation in vivo.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Oleh Demianchuk, Myroslava Vatashchuk, Dmytro Gospodaryov, Viktoria Hurza, Marian Ivanochko, Vitalii Derkachov, Vladyslav Berezovskyi, Oleh Lushchak, Kenneth B. Storey, Maria Bayliak, Volodymyr I. Lushchak
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a high-fat high-fructose diet (HFFD) on the behavior, energy metabolism, and oxidative stress markers in the cerebral cortex of mice. The results showed that HFFD stimulated locomotion and defecation, while an AKG-supplemented diet had a tendency to promote anxiety-like behavior. Additionally, there were significant differences in glutathione-dependent detoxification and processes related to autophagy between the two diets.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yusaku Chukai, Ginga Ito, Yasuo Miki, Koichi Wakabayashi, Ken Itoh, Eriko Sugano, Hiroshi Tomita, Tomokazu Fukuda, Taku Ozaki
Summary: The study found that mitochondrial calpain-5 plays an important role in the occurrence and development of ischemia-reperfusion injury and is expressed in the human and mouse brains. Targeting the expression or activity of mitochondrial calpain-5 may have significant implications for suppressing inflammation during I/R injuries such as cerebrovascular diseases.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aline Dias da Purificaca, Victor Debbas, Leonardo Yuji Tanaka, Gabriele Veronica de Mello Gabriel, Joao Wosniak Junior, Tiphany Coralie De Bessa, Sheila Garcia-Rosa, Francisco Rafael Martins Laurindo, Percillia Victoria Santos Oliveira
Summary: The ER transmembrane chaperones DNAJB12 and DNAJB14 play important roles in protein folding and ER stress response. They are regulated by thiol redox processes and are involved in ER protein reflux.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ekaterina O. Bryanskaya, Andrey Y. Vinokurov, Angelina I. Dolgikh, Andrey Dunaev, Plamena R. Angelova, Andrey Y. Abramov
Summary: FAD autofluorescence in cells can assess enzymatic activity, and its intensity variations may be related to different cell types and tissues. High levels of FAD autofluorescence can indicate cell pathology and potentially predict the occurrence of apoptosis and necrosis.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rumei Luan, Manyu Luo, Dongyan Ding, Xin Su, Junling Yang
Summary: Zinc deficiency can worsen obesity-related lung damage, and Nrf2 activation is one of the important mechanisms of this protective effect. Regulating zinc homeostasis can contribute to the prevention and treatment of obesity-related lung injury.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2024)