☆ 4.5 Article

Dynamic membrane structure induces temporal pattern formation

BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES (2014)

Journal

BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES

Volume 1838, Issue 10, Pages 2380-2390

Publisher

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.05.018

Keywords

Myristoylated electrostatic switch; Temporal pattern formation

Funding

Sachsische Forschergruppe 'From Local Constraints to Macroscopic Transports' [SFG 877]

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Abstract

The understanding of temporal pattern formation in biological systems is essential for insights into regulatory processes of cells. Concerning this problem, the present work introduces a model to explain the attachment/detachment cycle of MARCKS and PKC at the cell membrane, which is crucial for signal transduction processes. Our model is novel with regard to its driving mechanism: Structural changes within the membrane fuel an activator-inhibitor based global density oscillation of membrane related proteins. Based on simulated results of our model, phase diagrams were generated to illustrate the interplay of MARCKS and PKC. They predict the oscillatory behavior in the form of the number of peaks, the periodic time, and the damping constant depending on the amounts of MARCKS and PKC, respectively. The investigation of the phase space also revealed an unexpected intermediate state prior to the oscillations for high amounts of MARCKS in the system. The validation of the obtained results was carried out by stability analysis, which also accounts for further enhanced understanding of the studied system. It was shown, that the occurrence of the oscillating behavior is independent of the diffusion and the consumption of the reactants. The diffusion terms in the used reaction-diffusion equations only act as modulating terms and are not required for the oscillation. The hypothesis of our work suggests a new mechanism of temporal pattern formation in biological systems. This mechanism includes a classical activator-inhibitor system, but is based on the modifications of the membrane structure, rather than a reaction-diffusion system. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Pattern formation in Faraday instability-experimental validation of theoretical models

B. Dinesh, J. Livesay, I. B. Ignatius, R. Narayanan

Summary: This article reviews two types of resonance-derived interfacial instability, with a focus on the effect of side walls on interfacial mode discretization. The first type is mechanical Faraday instability, and the second is electrostatic Faraday instability. Both resonances are discussed for single-frequency forcing. In the case of mechanical resonance, inviscid theory can predict the expected modal forms when viscosity is considered, and experiments validate the theory. The article also examines electrostatic resonant instability, which leads to a specific mode resembling Rayleigh Taylor instability, and experiments show good agreement with theoretical predictions. An important distinction between the two resonances is the gradual rise in negative detuning instability observed in mechanical Faraday's case, compared to the sharp rise in the case of electrostatic resonance.

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