Article
Agronomy
Agatha M. Oliveira, Leilane K. Rodrigues, Camila Chabi-Jesus, Alexandre L. R. Chaves, Elliot W. Kitajima, Ricardo Harakava, Alexander Banguela-Castillo, Pedro L. Ramos-Gonzalez, Marcelo Eiras
Summary: The study analysed 14 brassicas plants affected by carlaviruses in distant regions of Brazil, identifying four viral isolates with different genomic identities. These viruses were found to belong to two related but distinct species of carlaviruses, with one isolate recognized as Cole latent virus and the others considered as a new tentative species named Cole mild mosaic virus.
Article
Plant Sciences
Han Zheng, Mu-Yao Yu, Yang Han, Badalahu Tai, Sheng-Fa Ni, Rui-Feng Ji, Chun-Juan Pu, Kang Chen, Fu-Quan Li, Hua Xiao, Ye Shen, Xiu-Teng Zhou, Lu-Qi Huang
Summary: In this study, transcriptome and metabolome analyses were conducted to reveal the differences in environmental adaptation and pharmacodynamic substance basis between Euphorbia fischeriana and Euphorbia ebracteolata, providing important insights for further research on genetic improvement and medicinal value of these two species.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Yaodi Wang, Wentao Shen, Zhaoji Dai, Bei Gou, Hongjun Liu, Weiyao Hu, Li Qin, Zengping Li, Decai Tuo, Hongguang Cui
Summary: The study investigated the characteristics, functional compatibility of viral elements, and interspecies interactions of two closely related viruses from Areca catechu in the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana. It was found that one of the viruses induced more severe symptoms and rapid virus multiplication, and that specific elements were necessary for replication and systemic infection. Additionally, one of the viruses effectively excluded the other in both coinfection and super-infection assays, advancing understanding of these related arepaviruses.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ariadna Lopez-Rodriguez, Jaen Mayorga, David Flaig, Glenda Fuentes, Juliana Cotabarren, Walter David Obregon, Patricia Gomez
Summary: Arthrospira is a widely cultivated cyanobacteria known for its high nutritional value, therapeutic metabolites, non-toxic nature, and ease of culture. This study compared two strains of Arthrospira and found that despite morphological differences, they belong to the same genetic species. One strain showed higher biotechnological potential, indicating the need for further research and optimization of culture conditions.
Article
Plant Sciences
Zhe Hou, Ang Li
Summary: White poplar and David's aspen are important plant species with wide distribution and adaptation abilities. Genetic divergence indicates significant allopatric speciation events during the Middle Pleistocene. Climate differences and selection played important roles in the genomic divergence of these species.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Loke von Schmalensee, Pauline Caillault, Katrin Hulda Gunnarsdottir, Karl Gotthard, Philipp Lehmann
Summary: Seasons impose different selection pressures on organisms, leading to varying adaptive strategies. This study investigates the resolution of seasonal conflicts in two closely related butterfly species through field experiments, laboratory work, and citizen science data analyses. The results reveal differences in fitness and population dynamics between Pieris rapae and P. napi across seasons, driven by physiological and behavioral traits. P. rapae maximizes gains during growth seasons but suffers from higher winter mortality, while P. napi minimizes harm during adverse seasons.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fu Wang, Lin Chen, Shiwei Chen, Hongping Chen, Youping Liu
Summary: Metabolomics analysis based on UPLC-ESI-MS/MS was used to study the chemical differences between two closely related citrus cultivars, Citrus reticulata 'DHP' and C. reticulata 'BZH'. The results showed that DHP and BZH have distinct metabolite profiles, with differences mainly in the levels of flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Bryan John J. Subong, Arturo O. Lluisma, Rhodora V. Azanza, Lilibeth A. Salvador-Reyes
Summary: The study used iTRAQ and 2D-DIGE techniques to investigate the proteomes of A. minutum and A. tamutum, revealing some differences between the two harmful algal bloom-causing organisms, with toxin biosynthetic enzymes present in both. A. minutum displayed higher levels of specific proteins, while A. tamutum had a potentially negative feedback protein for toxin biosynthesis.
Article
Cell Biology
Jianhui Nie, Qianqian Li, Li Zhang, Yang Cao, Yue Zhang, Tao Li, Jiajing Wu, Shuo Liu, Mengyi Zhang, Chenyan Zhao, Huan Liu, Lingling Nie, Haiyang Qin, Meng Wang, Qiong Lu, Xiaoyu Li, Junkai Liu, Haoyu Liang, Taijiao Jiang, Kai Duan, Xiaoming Yang, Yuelei Shen, Weijin Huang, Youchun Wang
Summary: The infectivity and antigenicity patterns of SARS-CoV-2, pangolin coronaviruses, and bat RaTG13 differ, with pangolin coronaviruses showing infectivity towards porcine cells potentially linked to an amino acid difference at the 498 position of the spike protein. SARS-CoV-2 infection is mediated by Furin and TMPRSS2, while pangolin coronaviruses rely on Cathepsin L. Extensive cross-neutralization was observed between SARS-CoV-2 and PCoV-GD, whereas minimal cross-neutralization was found with PCoV-GX.
Article
Entomology
Daniela Polic, Carl Tamario, Markus Franzen, Per-Eric Betzholtz, Yeserin Yildirim, Anders Forsman
Summary: This study examined the impact of mobility patterns on species distribution, population density, and other factors in different landscapes, finding differences in mobility and adaptation between two butterfly species. Despite the observation of long flight distances, most individuals were recaptured within 200 meters, indicating potential open populations with long movements.
ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takanori Yamashiro, Akira Shiraishi, Koji Nakayama, Honoo Satake
Summary: The plant species Tanacetum coccineum and Tanacetum cinerariifolium have differences in their biological defense systems and the production of pyrethrins. Comparative genomic analysis reveals distinct features of genes in these plants, providing clues to understand species-specific biodefense systems and the regulatory mechanisms underlying pyrethrin production.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jenny Arnling Baath, Vera Novy, Leonor Carneiro, Georg M. Guebitz, Lisbeth Olsson, Peter Westh, Doris Ribitsch
Summary: This study rigorously characterized two almost identical cutinases and demonstrated that even minor sequence differences in cutinases can drastically affect their substrate binding, substrate specificity, and catalytic efficiency.
BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Biology
Marcello Mezzasalma, Teresa Capriglione, Larissa Kupriyanova, Gaetano Odierna, Maria Michela Pallotta, Agnese Petraccioli, Orfeo Picariello, Fabio M. M. Guarino
Summary: Transposable elements (TEs) are important components of eukaryotic genomes and contribute to genetic variability. Two DNA sequences, named Zv516 and Zv817, were identified in the lizard Zootoca vivipara. FISH and dot blot experiments revealed that Zv516 exists on all chromosomes of Z. vivipara with about 4700 copies in the genome. The presence of active SINE Squam1 copies in other lacertids and the occurrence of a Tc1/Mariner-like DNA transposon in reptiles were also observed. Phylogenetic analysis using an amniote UCE homologous sequence showed Prototheria as the sister group of Metatheria and Eutheria. Testudines were found to be the sister group to Aves + Crocodylia (Archosauria) within diapsids, and Sphenodon was the sister group to Squamata. The flanking regions of the UCE were conserved at the family level.
Article
Biology
Qiming Yang, Te-Wen Lo, Katjusa Brejc, Caitlin Schartner, Edward J. Ralston, Denise M. Lapidus, Barbara J. Meyer
Summary: An evolutionary perspective reveals that the genetic regulatory hierarchy controlling sex determination and X-chromosome dosage compensation is conserved but with divergent mechanisms between Caenorhabditis briggsae and Caenorhabditis elegans. While the binding of the specialized condensin dosage compensation complex (DCC) to recruitment sites in Cbr is additive, DCC binding to Cel recruitment sites is synergistic. Rapid divergence of DCC target specificity, determined by motifs, has played a crucial role in establishing reproductive isolation between nematode species.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sylvain Schmitt, Niklas Tysklind, Bruno Herault, Myriam Heuertz
Summary: The study found that closely related tree species exhibit different adaptations to the same topographic gradient, which helps stabilize their local coexistence. Some tree species showed genetic differentiation along water and nutrient distribution, while others showed genetic differentiation according to soil chemistry.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maryia Trubitsyna, Heather Grey, Douglas R. Houston, David J. Finnegan, Julia M. Richardson
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2015)
Article
Biology
Elizabeth R. Morris, Heather Grey, Grant McKenzie, Anita C. Jones, Julia M. Richardson
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maryia Trubitsyna, Gracjan Michlewski, David J. Finnegan, Alistair Elfick, Susan J. Rosser, Julia M. Richardson, Christopher E. French
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2017)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fiona J. Flett, Emilija Ruksenaite, Lee A. Armstrong, Shipra Bharati, Roberta Carloni, Elizabeth R. Morris, C. Logan Mackay, Heidrun Interthal, Julia M. Richardson
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2018)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elizabeth R. Morris, Ian A. Taylor
BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY TRANSACTIONS
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christopher Monit, Elizabeth R. Morris, Christopher Ruis, Bart Szafran, Grant Thiltgen, Ming-Han Chloe Tsai, N. Avrion Mitchison, Kate N. Bishop, Jonathan P. Stoye, Ian A. Taylor, Ariberto Fassati, Richard A. Goldstein
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elizabeth R. Morris, Sarah J. Caswell, Simone Kunzelmann, Laurence H. Arnold, Andrew G. Purkiss, Geoff Kelly, Ian A. Taylor
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicholas P. Mullin, Joby Varghese, Douglas Colby, Julia M. Richardson, Greg M. Findlay, Ian Chambers
Summary: The self-renewal efficiency of mouse embryonic stem cells is controlled by the concentration of the transcription factor NANOG, which is phosphorylated by casein kinase I at specific residues. Phosphomimetic substitutions at certain phosphorylation sites within NANOG have site-specific functional effects, influencing DNA binding and LIF-independent self-renewal. Modeling the DNA-homeodomain complex helps explain the diverse effects of these substitutions, showing how phosphorylation may impact NANOG interactions crucial for ESC self-renewal.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elizabeth R. Morris, Simone Kunzelmann, Sarah J. Caswell, Andrew G. Purkiss, Geoff Kelly, Ian A. Taylor
Summary: SAMHD1 is a crucial factor in regulating cellular dNTPs and can suppress the replication of viruses like HIV-1 in specific cells, with mutations leading to autoimmune diseases and cancers. Experimental data shows that S-p-dNTP alpha S nucleotides competitively inhibit dNTP hydrolysis, while R-p-dNTP alpha S nucleotides stabilize tetramerization with similar catalytic parameters.
Article
Cell Biology
Sangheeta Bhattacharjee, Ishita Rehman, Saini Basu, Souvik Nandy, Julia M. Richardson, Benu Brata Das
Summary: This study reveals the crucial role of arginine methylation in regulating the stability and activity of TDP1, promoting the repair of trapped Top1cc.
Article
Virology
Ming-Han C. Tsai, Sarah J. Caswell, Elizabeth R. Morris, Melanie C. Mann, Simon Pennell, Geoff Kelly, Harriet C. T. Groom, Ian A. Taylor, Kate N. Bishop
Summary: SAMHD1 restricts HIV-1 replication in differentiated cells by inhibiting the enzymatic activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase through phosphorylation at T592. Mutations at T592 that decrease triphosphohydrolase activity and/or tetramer stability of SAMHD1 result in loss of restriction in differentiated cells. Lowering the affinity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase for dNTPs restores SAMHD1-mediated restriction in cycling cells.
Article
Biology
Nila Roy Choudhury, Gregory Heikel, Maryia Trubitsyna, Peter Kubik, Jakub Stanislaw Nowak, Shaun Webb, Sander Granneman, Christos Spanos, Juri Rappsilber, Alfredo Castello, Gracjan Michlewski