Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Wei Liu, Jingsheng Jiang, Yating Lin, Qidong You, Lei Wang
Summary: Structure-activity relationships (SARs) and structure-property relationships (SPRs) are crucial in the drug optimization process. Medicinal chemists aim to improve the potency and druglike properties of small molecules. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in using thermodynamic and kinetic profiles to analyze ligand-receptor interactions, providing detailed binding parameters. The importance of structure-thermodynamic relationships (STRs) and structure-kinetic relationships (SKRs) is highlighted for the discovery of safe and effective small-molecule drugs.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valerio Chiurchiu, Lucia Scipioni, Beatrice Arosio, Daniela Mari, Sergio Oddi, Mauro Maccarrone
Summary: Growing evidence suggests that the immune system plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer's disease, with targeting peripheral immune mechanisms showing promise as therapeutic strategies. Research has found that in AD patients, there is significantly reduced expression of CB1 and CB2 in B-lymphocytes, and decreased CB2 and increased FAAH in monocytes. Pharmacological inactivation of FAAH in monocytes from AD patients can modulate immune responses by altering cytokine production.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Umber Zaman, Rubina Naz, Noor Saeed Khattak, Khalil Ur Rehman, Asma Saeed, Muhammad Farooq, Juma Sahar, Anwar Iqbal
Summary: In this study, a novel acid phosphatase from the seedlings of Cichorium intybus was purified and thermodynamically characterized. The enzyme exhibited competitive inhibition by phosphate, molybdate and vanadate, and phenyl phosphate, alpha and beta-glycero-phosphate, and p-NPP were identified as good substrates. The enzyme showed increased deactivation rate and decreased half-life with higher temperatures, indicating significant unfolding process during deactivation. The thermal denaturation parameters suggested the acid phosphatase undergoes unfolding during deactivation, providing insight into its novel features related to pH variations, thermal deactivation, and kinetics parameters.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuta Fukawa, Yuta Mizuno, Keisuke Kawade, Koichi Mitsukura, Toyokazu Yoshida
Summary: In this study, the hydrolase in Arthrobacter sp. K5 showed high enantioselectivity for synthesizing (S)-2-MPI, indicating the potential for efficient preparation of chiral 2-MPI through kinetic resolution.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yu-An Zhang, Xin Gu, Alison E. Wendlandt
Summary: This report describes a new method for the selective catalytic isomerization of cis-1,2-diols using a silanethiol catalyst. The method is highly chemoselective and tolerant to a wide range of functional groups, providing a concise route to trans-diol products. Mechanistic studies suggest that the isomerization proceeds through a reversible hydrogen atom transfer pathway mediated by the silanethiol catalyst.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yu-An Zhang, Xin Gu, Alison E. Wendlandt
Summary: This study reports a new method for selectively catalytic isomerization of cis-1,2-diols to trans-diequatorial-1,2-diols, which proceeds under mild conditions, is highly chemoselective, and broadly functional group tolerant. The method provides a concise access to trans-diol products that are not readily obtained using other methods, and operates through a reversible hydrogen atom transfer pathway mediated by the silanethiol catalyst.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ziwei Feng, Beiqian Tian, Guangyan Li, Li Wang, Na Wang, Xin Huang, Lina Zhou, Shuangxi Li, Hao Wang, Ting Wang, Hongxun Hao
Summary: In this study, two anhydrates and one dihydrate of aztreonam were characterized. The thermal stability and moisture absorption stability were studied using dynamic vapor adsorption and variable-temperature PXRD experiments. The solubility of the polymorphs in a methanol solvent was measured to determine their thermodynamic stability. The solution-mediated phase transition process of the dihydrate form was monitored using Raman spectroscopy, and the mechanism was proposed.
ORGANIC PROCESS RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Qianqian Lang, Zhengang Liu, Yufei Li, Junxiang Xu, Jijin Li, Bensheng Liu, Qinping Sun
Summary: The physicochemical properties and combustion behavior of hydrochar derived from hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of cattle manure were investigated. The results showed that HTC increased the carbon content, fixed carbon content, and higher heating value of the hydrochar. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that hydrochars had higher ignition temperature, lower burnout temperature, and lower comprehensive combustion index compared to cattle manure. Kinetic and thermodynamic analyses showed that hydrochar prepared at 200°C had the highest combustion reactivity.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jiyue Sun, Lei Jiang, I. Ming Chou, Ngoc N. Nguyen, Anh V. Nguyen, Ying Chen, Juezhi Lin, Chuanjun Wu
Summary: This study investigated the thermodynamics and kinetics of methane hydrate formation in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) solutions. The cage occupancy and hydration number of the hydrates were determined, showing a range of 3.1-3.6 and 5.9-6.1, respectively. CTAB was found to have no impact on the phase equilibria of methane hydrate, and the kinetic rate constants for different CTAB solutions were also determined. Additionally, large-scale reactor experiments demonstrated the ability of CTAB to promote hydrate formation.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Junwei Han, Yongwei Wang, Xiaohui Mao, Xuejie Chang, Hongbo Zeng, Wenqing Qin
Summary: This study developed a sulfuric acid curing process to improve the extraction of nickel from leaching residues. Factors influencing the extraction of nickel were systematically studied based on thermodynamic calculations. The results showed that the extraction of nickel reached 80.34% under optimized conditions. Reaction kinetic studies indicated that the leaching process was controlled by a combination of mixed control and surface chemical reaction control models. XPS, XRD, and SEM-EDS analyses revealed that NiO coated by Ni2O3 and NiO passivation films hindered further dissolution of metallic nickel during the acid leaching process. The nickel oxides and passivation films could be transformed into water-soluble NiSO4 after sulfuric acid curing. With the two-stage leaching developed, the overall extraction efficiency of nickel can reach as high as 99.13%.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Quanwei Lv, Li'ao Wang, Shuda Ma, Jiaojiao Jiang, Lingyue Liu, Zili Zhou, Li Liu, Xiang Wang, Jisong Bai
Summary: This study investigates the pyrolysis performance of oil-based drill cuttings (OBDC) and finds that the primary decomposition of OBDC occurs at temperatures between 85-360 degrees C. The analysis of pyrolysis products shows that the oil yield increases and then decreases with increasing temperature, while the lower heating value of gaseous products is highest at 600 degrees C.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Umber Zaman, Shahid Ullah Khan, Awatif A. Hendi, Khalil Ur Rehman, Syed Badshah, Moamen S. Refat, Amnah Mohammed Alsuhaibani, Kalim Ullah, Abdul Wahab
Summary: In this study, a new acid phosphatase (ACP) from C. oxyacantha was isolated and characterized for the first time. The enzyme exhibited specific activity and physicochemical properties that distinguish it from other plant ACPs, providing insights into the role of ACP in C. oxyacantha.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sergio Valdivia-Rivera, Ivan Emanuel Herrera-Pool, Teresa Ayora-Talavera, Manuel Alejandro Lizardi-Jimenez, Ulises Garcia-Cruz, Juan Carlos Cuevas-Bernardino, Jose Manuel Cervantes-Uc, Neith Pacheco
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of temperature and time on the extraction of pectin from Haden mango peel, and characterized the pectin for potential food applications. The pectin was found to have high esterification, regular galacturonic acid content, and low protein and high ash content.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rodrigo Lira de Oliveira, Suzana Pedroza da Silva, Attilio Converti, Tatiana Souza Porto
Summary: Inulinase produced by Aspergillus terreus URM4658 grown on wheat bran showed the highest activity for hydrolysis of inulin. The enzyme exhibited optimum activity at 60 degrees C and pH 4.0, indicating good catalytic potential. It also demonstrated excellent thermostability, making it a promising biocatalyst for industrial applications.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Ronaldo Rodrigues Sousa, Ayla Sant'Ana Silva, Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente, Viridiana Santana Ferreira-Leitao
Summary: Esters are important compounds in industry, and using biocatalysis for their synthesis in solvent-free systems offers economic and environmental advantages. However, optimizing reactions in these systems is challenging due to the complexity and variety of phenomena involved.
CATALYSIS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)