Review
Behavioral Sciences
Hongkeun Kim
Summary: This study proposes a taxonomy and model for studying episodic memory formation. Attention-driven and significance-driven memory formation have different impacts on brain regions. The taxonomy and model provide an integrative framework for interpreting related research findings.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ying Zhou, Clayton E. Curtis, Kartik K. Sreenivasan, Daryl Fougnie
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between working memory and attention using fMRI and machine learning. The results demonstrate that selecting items in working memory and shifting attention utilize similar neural mechanisms. These shared mechanisms control the relative gains of neural populations and encode behaviorally relevant information.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Kylie Isenburg, Thomas M. Morin, Maya L. Rosen, David C. Somers, Chantal E. Stern
Summary: Studies have found that certain brain regions are activated during attentional deployment via long-term memories. We conducted an analysis of task-based functional connectivity to study the communication between these brain regions underlying long-term memory guided attention. Our results showed that different subnetworks, such as default mode, cognitive control, and dorsal attention, contribute differently to long-term memory guided attention, and the connectivity at the network level shifts based on attentional demands. We also found specific nodes within these subnetworks that play a crucial role in facilitating long-term memory guided attention.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Andrew C. Harris
Summary: This study evaluated determinants of increased thigmotaxis during mecamylamine-precipitated nicotine withdrawal in rats. Results showed that in adult rats, high dose mecamylamine during nicotine withdrawal led to increased thigmotaxis. However, adolescent rats did not exhibit increased thigmotaxis under the same conditions.
PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Tom Zalmenson, Omer Azriel, Yair Bar-Haim
Summary: This study investigates the role of attention in memory for disgusting facial expressions. Contrary to previous beliefs, attention was found to have a limited role in the memory advantage of these expressions. Disgusted faces were better remembered than neutral faces, indicating that attention is not crucial for facial expression memory.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Valerio Santangelo, Tiziana Pedale, Paola Colucci, Giovanni Giulietti, Simone Macri, Patrizia Campolongo
Summary: While many studies have shown that aging is associated with cognitive decline in the general population, little is known about this association in elderly individuals with enhanced memory capabilities. A 75-year-old individual with highly superior autobiographical memory (HSAM) showed no signs of memory decline over a five-year period, suggesting that highly superior memory performance can occur without noticeable physiological aging.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Luisa Ponzoni, Gloria Melzi, Laura Marabini, Andrea Martini, Giulia Petrillo, Muy-Teck Teh, Jose Torres-Perez, Stefano Morara, Cecilia Gotti, Daniela Braida, Caroline H. Brennan, Mariaelvina Sala
Summary: The study evaluated the behavioral and neurochemical alterations in zebrafish induced by short- and long-term nicotine withdrawal, finding that nicotine withdrawal induced anxiety-like behavior, cognitive alterations, gene expression changes, and an increase in pretectal TH expression.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Petra Hermann, Bela Weiss, Balazs Knakker, Petra Madurka, Annamaria Manga, Adam Narai, Zoltan Vidnyanszky
Summary: The study identified two top-down attentional control processes that have opposing effects on distractor resistance. An early selection negativity was found in EEG responses to matching distractors, and congruency effects were positively associated with distractor resistance.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Edward D. Levin, Corinne Wells, Susan Slade, Joshua Johnson, Ann Petro, Amir H. Rezvani, Jed E. Rose
Summary: This study determined that medial habenular nicotinic receptors are important for nicotine reinforcement. Baseline level of performance makes a crucial difference for the involvement of habenular mechanisms in nicotine reinforcement with nicotinic activation being important for maintaining nicotine self-administration for those with lower levels of baseline self-administration and the opposite effect with subjects with higher levels of baseline self-administration.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Britta Hahn, Alexander N. Harvey, Marta Concheiro-Guisan, Marilyn A. Huestis, Thomas J. Ross, Elliot A. Stein
Summary: This study found that nAChR antagonist can weaken task-induced deactivation of the DMN, indicating that the constant activation tone of nAChR typically helps regulate DMN activity in healthy individuals. This implies that low nAChR tone may play a causal role in DMN dysregulation seen in conditions such as mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Iiro P. Jaaskelainena, Mikko Sams, Enrico Glerean, Jyrki Ahveninen
Summary: The use of naturalistic stimuli in neuroimaging studies has advanced understanding of cognitive and emotional functions, revealing insights into human memory, attention, language, emotions, and social cognition.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Hanah A. Chapman
Summary: Emotional stimuli modulate cognitive processes such as attention and memory to facilitate adaptive responses to the environment. Fearful faces broaden attention and enhance memory, while angry faces narrow attention and decrease memory performance.
Review
Neurosciences
Jordan E. Pierce, Marine Thomasson, Philippe Voruz, Garance Selosse, Julie Peron
Summary: The role of the cerebellum in affective processing is important and involves both the lateral hemispheric lobules and the vermis. The activation of the cerebellum differs between explicit and implicit emotion tasks, with some overlapping clusters and some distinct clusters.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Shuo Zhao, Shota Uono, Rong Qing Hu, Sayaka Yoshimura, Motomi Toichi
Summary: Self-referential and emotional cues enhance memory for target objects, regardless of emotional valence, suggesting that they play an important role in subsequent cognitive processing through attention orienting.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Ryota Kobayashi, Makoto Miyatani, Takashi Nakao
Summary: Previous research suggests that distraction can reduce negative emotion, and this effect is influenced by individual differences in working memory capacity. Participants with higher working memory capacity expressed less negative emotion after engaging in a distraction task.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Margreet Vogelzang, Christiane M. Thiel, Stephanie Rosemann, Jochem W. Rieger, Esther Ruigendijk
Summary: The study found that adults with hearing loss have difficulties with comprehension and processing of syntactically complex sentences, possibly due to degraded input interfering with their processing. Normal-hearing controls outperformed listeners with hearing loss, particularly on syntactically complex sentences. Increased cognitive demands influenced neural sentence processing, but there was no evidence of a difference in processing between listeners with hearing loss and normal-hearing listeners.
JOURNAL OF SPEECH LANGUAGE AND HEARING RESEARCH
(2021)
Letter
Anatomy & Morphology
Stephanie Rosemann, Christiane Thiel
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2021)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Developmental
Alexandra Potter
Summary: The letter from Philip Graham raises important points that highlight the complexity of conversations around gender development in youth, calling for further discussion and clarification on certain issues.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Aylin Mehren, Christiane Margarete Thiel, Swantje Bruns, Alexandra Philipsen, Jale Ozyurt
Summary: The study found no differences in social cognition between adult patients with ADHD and healthy controls, but performance on affective aspects of ToM correlated positively with gray matter volumes in the medial part of the superior frontal gyri in both groups.
SOCIAL COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Leonie Schumm, Coline L. Lemale, Sebastian Major, Nils Hecht, Melina Nieminen-Kelhae, Anna Zdunczyk, Christina M. Kowoll, Peter Martus, Christiane M. Thiel, Jens P. Dreier, Johannes Woitzik
Summary: This study investigated the role of physiological variables in relationship to spreading depolarizations (SD) in patients with malignant hemispheric stroke (MHS), and found that these variables have small but significant effects on SD during the late phase after ischemia. Adjusting physiological variables may modify the impact of SDs.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Micha Burkhardt, Christiane M. Thiel, Carsten Giessing
Summary: This article introduces a new statistical method called wrapping for correcting motion artifacts in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. The results show that wrapping can significantly decrease the distance between functional connectomes and compensate for the effects of motion-induced correlations. This study fills a gap in the field of robust statistics for handling motion artifacts in fMRI.
BRAIN CONNECTIVITY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Max M. Owens, Sage Hahn, Nicholas Allgaier, James MacKillop, Matthew Albaugh, Dekang Yuan, Anthony Juliano, Alexandra Potter, Hugh Garavan
Summary: This study demonstrates that the steepness of discounting in 10/11-year-old children can be reliably predicted 1 year in advance using a machine learning approach. Predictive variables include sociodemographic factors, cognitive ability, screen media activity, and more. Understanding the antecedents of delayed reward discounting can provide insights into the development of psychopathology.
EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Melanie Spindler, Christiane M. Thiel
Summary: Detailed imaging of the hypothalamus is crucial for characterizing disease-induced tissue damages and abnormalities. Conventional anatomical magnetic resonance imaging lacks morphological detail, making precise segmentation of the hypothalamus challenging. Recent studies suggest that quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) could improve segmentation of brain regions, but its application to the hypothalamus has not been tested extensively.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Merelise R. Ametti, Eileen T. Crehan, Kerry O'Loughlin, Meghan C. Schreck, Sarahjane L. Dube, Alexandra S. Potter, Stacey C. Sigmon, Robert R. Althoff
Summary: This study examined the cognitive, behavioral, and physiological mechanisms of dysregulation in children, finding that autonomic inflexibility and impaired cognitive function in the context of frustration may be underlying mechanisms of childhood dysregulation.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Juan F. Quinones, Tommaso Pavan, Xinyang Liu, Christiane M. Thiel, Axel Heep, Andrea Hildebrandt
Summary: This study aimed to reconstruct fiber tracts linking audiovisual integration regions in the newborn brain and assess their similarity to young adults. The results suggest that the fiber bundles were successfully reconstructed in the majority of neonates and showed similarities to adults. Additionally, the study found patterns of early white matter development trajectories and a developmental advantage for females.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Melanie Spindler, Christiane M. Thiel
Summary: Physical, mental, and cognitive resources are essential for healthy aging. The hypothalamus plays a central role in metabolic regulation and affective processing, and its integrity and connectivity are associated with age-related decline. This study found that hypothalamic microstructure is affected by body mass, with changes in connectivity to limbic regions, suggesting alterations in metabolic and reward systems.
Editorial Material
Behavioral Sciences
Nadine Schenke, Rahel Franke, Sebastian Puschmann, Nergiz Turgut, Andreas Kastrup, Christiane M. Thiel, Helmut Hildebrandt
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Melanie Spindler, Marco Palombo, Christiane Thiel, Hui M. Zhang
Summary: As part of the HPA axis, the hypothalamus plays a crucial role in metabolic and endocrine homeostasis. However, there is a lack of research on the aging human hypothalamus. This study examined the detailed hypothalamic microstructure in middle adulthood and found regional differences in the anterior-superior subunit, which is a critical area for HPA axis regulation. Waist circumference and hair cortisol levels were also associated with hypothalamic alterations, indicating the importance of endocrine and stress management in age.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Juan F. Quinones, Andrea Hildebrandt, Tommaso Pavan, Christiane M. Thiel, Axel Heep
Summary: Individuals born preterm are at risk of developing various sequelae related to audiovisual integration (AVI). This study examined the association between prematurity and in-vivo reconstructed fiber bundles in brain regions relevant for AVI. The results showed that specific metrics of DTI and NODDI were significantly associated with prematurity in neonates matched for postmenstrual age at scan. Additionally, significant differences in the overlap and order of developmental tractograms were found between preterm and full-term neonates.
DEVELOPMENTAL COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Maria J. S. Guerreiro, Sebastian Puschmann, Judith Eck, Franziska Rienacker, Pascal W. M. Van Gerven, Christiane M. Thiel
Summary: Age-related hearing loss exacerbates age-related dedifferentiation in the auditory cortex, while both normal hearing older adults and hearing loss older adults show reduced neural distinctiveness in the visual cortex compared to younger adults.
AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Paola Orlandi, Marta Banchi, Francesca Vaglini, Marco Carli, Stefano Aringhieri, Arianna Bandini, Carla Pardini, Cristina Viaggi, Michele Lai, Greta Ali, Alessandra Ottani, Eleonora Vandini, Patrizia Guidi, Margherita Bernardeschi, Veronica La Rocca, Giulio Francia, Gabriella Fontanini, Mauro Pistello, Giada Frenzilli, Daniela Giuliani, Marco Scarselli, Guido Bocci
Summary: This study investigates the role of MC4R in melanoma and the use of the selective antagonist ML in combination with vemurafenib. The results show that ML can inhibit melanoma cell proliferation and induce apoptosis through the inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation and reduction of BCL-XL expression. The combination of vemurafenib and ML exhibits a synergistic effect in vitro and inhibits tumor growth in vivo without causing adverse effects.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Conor J. Bloxham, Katina D. Hulme, Fabrizio Fierro, Christian Fercher, Cassandra L. Pegg, Shannon L. O'Brien, Simon R. Foster, Kirsty R. Short, Sebastian G. B. Furness, Melissa E. Reichelt, Masha Y. Niv, Walter G. Thomas
Summary: Bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) are a type of G protein-coupled receptors that allow humans to detect aversive and toxic substances. This study characterized the functional properties of previously identified T2Rs in human cardiac tissues and their naturally occurring polymorphisms. The results showed differences in signaling among different T2R variants, and revealed a potential association between the T2R50 Tyr203 variant and cardiovascular disease.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lu Chen, Huanying Shi, Wenxin Zhang, Yongjun Zhu, Haifei Chen, Zimei Wu, Huijie Qi, Jiafeng Liu, Mingkang Zhong, Xiaojin Shi, Tianxiao Wang, Qunyi Li
Summary: This study demonstrates that Carfilzomib exhibits potent anti-tumor activity against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by triggering mitochondrial apoptosis and reprogramming cellular metabolism. It has been identified that activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) plays a crucial role as a cellular target in ESCC cells treated with Carfilzomib. Overexpression of ATF3 effectively counteracts the effects of Carfilzomib on ESCC cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metabolic reprogramming. Furthermore, ATF3 mediates the anti-tumor activity of Carfilzomib, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for ESCC.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xing Zhang, Xiang Li, Ran Xia, Hong-Sheng Zhang
Summary: This review summarizes recent progress on the mechanisms of ferroptosis resistance in cancer and highlights the role of redox status and metabolism. Combination therapy for ferroptosis has great potential in treating resistant malignant tumors.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2024)
