Article
Immunology
Li Wu, Xuhui Fang, Fangting Lu, Yu Zhang, Yanshi Wang, Joanne Kwak-Kim
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of anticardiolipin (aCL) and/or anti-beta 2-glycoprotein-I (a beta 2GPI) antibodies, known as antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), on in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes. The results showed that infertile women with aPL had worse outcomes in terms of oocyte quality, embryo quality, and implantation capacity. Imbalanced T cell subset ratios and elevated levels of certain cytokines were noticed in these women compared to controls.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Tessa Noordermeer, Jessica E. Molhoek, Roger E. G. Schutgens, Silvie A. E. Sebastian, Sandra Drost-Verhoef, Annet C. W. van Wesel, Philip G. de Groot, Joost C. M. Meijers, Rolf T. Urbanus
Summary: Anti-beta 2GPI and anti-prothrombin antibodies cause lupus anticoagulant (LA) through different mechanisms: anti-beta 2GPI antibodies interfere with FV activation by FXa through a direct interaction, while anti-prothrombin antibodies compete with FXa for phospholipid binding sites.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yimin Wen, Rui Chen, Junpeng Yang, Enbo Yu, Weizhe Liu, Yijie Liao, Yiping Wen, Rui Wu, Qin Zhao, Senyan Du, Qigui Yan, Xinfeng Han, Sanjie Cao, Xiaobo Huang
Summary: This study predicted T-cell epitopes of porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) structural proteins using computational methods. Five peptides were identified as potential T-cell epitope candidates, with high levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) responses. A multi-epitope peptide combining these five epitopes (5T) was synthesized and evaluated for its immune response and protection efficacy in a piglet model. The results provide valuable information for the design of epitope-based vaccines.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Haiwen Chen, Xiao Zhang, Shanshan Zhang, Xiaobing Duan, Tong Xiang, Xiang Zhou, Wanlin Zhang, Xinyu Zhang, Qisheng Feng, Yinfeng Kang, Jiangping Li, Lan Deng, Liang Wang, Xing Lv, Musheng Zeng, Yi-Xin Zeng, Miao Xu
Summary: The study identified novel gB T cell epitopes and revealed that inherent gB-specific CD8(+) T cell responses in EBV carriers are associated with EBV reactivation. Additionally, most gB epitopes were found to be conserved among different EBV strains.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Mathangi Janakiraman, Alexei Leliavski, Jeeva Varadarajulu, Dieter Jenne, Gurumoorthy Krishnamoorthy
Summary: Current therapies for autoimmune diseases mainly rely on immunomodulation of T and B cell responses. However, therapeutic removal of autoantibodies remains challenging. In this study, a fusion protein targeting both T cells and autoantibodies was developed and shown to efficiently clear autoantibodies and promote T cell tolerance, providing a therapeutically advantageous approach for autoimmunity.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Virology
Juan Zhao, Ling Wang, Madison Schank, Xindi Dang, Zeyuan Lu, Dechao Cao, Sushant Khanal, Lam N Nguyen, Lam N T Nguyen, Jinyu Zhang, Yi Zhang, James L. Adkins, Evan M. Baird, Xiao Y. Wu, Shunbin Ning, Mohamed El Gazzar, Jonathan P. Moorman, Zhi Q. Yao
Summary: Research shows that COVID-19-recovered individuals exhibit specific T cell responses, potentially offering protection against reinfection for some exposed individuals and inducing protective immunity in unexposed individuals upon vaccination. There is a need for a multi-epitope strategy in COVID-19 vaccine design due to the low immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 S and N peptides at inducing robust T cell responses.
Article
Rheumatology
Rory C. Monahan, Michelle D. van den Beukel, Nicole Borggreven, Rolf Fronczek, Tom W. J. Huizinga, Margreet Kloppenburg, Gerda M. Steup-Beekman, Leendert A. Trouw
Summary: This study found the presence of anti-PTM antibodies against MAA, AGE, and CarP modified proteins in SLE and NPSLE. Interestingly, anti-MAA and anti-CarP were more prevalent in NPSLE, a manifestation that lacks serological markers.
Article
Cell Biology
Rodrigo I. Santos, Philipp A. Ilinykh, Colette A. Pietzsch, Adam J. Ronk, Kai Huang, Natalia A. Kuzmina, Fuchun Zhou, James E. Crowe, Alexander Bukreyev
Summary: This study found that EBOV and BDBV can spread to neighboring cells through intercellular connections, depending on actin and T cell immunoglobulin and mucin 1 protein. One antibody, BDBV223, was found to inhibit virus spread, with the inhibition activity depending on BST2/tetherin.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Simon Fillatreau
Summary: The study reveals that autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can have a protective role by neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) and restraining the activation of pathogenic B cells.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Alex Olvera, Samandhy Cedeno, Anuska Llano, Beatriz Mothe, Jorge Sanchez, Gemma Arsequell, Christian Brander
Summary: Post-translational protein modifications, particularly glycosylation, may impact T cell epitope recognition presented by HLA molecules, but this aspect has been overlooked in HIV research. Studies demonstrated that glycosylation can affect T cell recognition of viral peptides in individuals with chronic HIV infection, indicating the potential importance of glyco-epitope specific T cell immunity in understanding host immune responses against viral infections. New methodologies are needed to accurately assess the role of glycosylation in altering T cell immunity to viral infections.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ruchi Sachdeva, Rahul Pal
Summary: Women of reproductive age are more prone to systemic lupus erythematosus, and reproductive hormones may play a role in disease progression. Different drugs induce apoptotic bodies with varying autoantigens, which have different effects on the immune system. The pregnancy hormone hCG, when combined with specific apoptotic bodies, intensifies lupus-associated events.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christian B. Lindstad, Alisa E. Dewan, Jorunn Stamnaes, Ludvig M. Sollid, M. Fleur du Pre
Summary: A hallmark of celiac disease is the production of antibodies specific for deamidated gluten peptides and transglutaminase 2, believed to result from B cells receiving help from gluten-specific CD4(+) T cells. This study demonstrates that multivalent TG2-gluten complexes are efficient antigens for both TG2-specific and DGP-specific B cells, allowing both types of B cells to receive help from gluten-specific T cells of many different specificities.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alicja Bauer, Andrzej Habior, Damian Gawel
Summary: The presence of anti-KLHL12 antibodies is highly specific for PBC and may significantly increase the diagnosis of PBC when used in combination with other markers. Anti-nuclear envelope antibodies are more frequent in PBC patients, especially in those diagnosed with later stages of PBC.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Neal P. Smith, Bert Ruiter, Yamini V. Virkud, Ang A. Tu, Brinda Monian, James J. Moon, J. Christopher Love, Wayne G. Shreffler
Summary: This study utilized a combination of biological and statistical approaches to define potentially antigen-specific CDR3 repertoires in unselected individuals through FACS of antigen-activated memory CD4(+) T cells and TCR beta sequencing. Application of this method to peanut-allergic individuals identified a library of unique CDR3 beta sequences with similarities to validated antigen-specific repertoires. Further analysis revealed public sequences with high levels of convergent recombination and network analysis showed these sequences to be core with more edges than private counterparts, indicating potential for use in T cell-mediated disorders and biomarker discovery.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Martina Frodlund, Tomas Walhelm, Charlotte Dahle, Christopher Sjowall
Summary: In patients with recent-onset SLE, a substantial percentage tested positive for at least one aPL isotype or the lupus anticoagulant test over time. Levels of all six aPL isotypes numerically decreased from inclusion to last follow-up. The presence of IgG aCL was significantly associated with myocardial infarction and miscarriage, while IgG/IgA anti-beta 2GPI was linked to miscarriage.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)