Journal
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 404, Issue 1, Pages 74-78Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.11.066
Keywords
Acyl-CoA thioesterase (ACOT); Fatty acid metabolism; Brown adipose tissue
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
- Promotion and Mutual Aid Corporation for Private Schools of Japan
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Acyl-CoA thioesterases (ACOTs) are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of fatty acyl-CoAs to free fatty acids and CoA-SH. In this study, we show that the expression profile of the ACOT isoforms changes remarkably during the differentiation of cultured rat brown adipocytes. Immunocytochemistry suggested that cytosolic ACOT1 was present in the preadipocytes, while mitochondrial ACOT2 was additionally expressed as the cells differentiated, concurrent with the accumulation of lipid droplets in the cytoplasm. Western blotting confirmed that, in contrast to ACOT1, the ACOT2 expression level was very low in the preadipocytes. However, after differentiation, the ACOT1 level fell to one-half of the baseline level and ACOT2 increased 18-fold. ACOT2 expression in the differentiated adipocytes was further enhanced by treatment with lipids or troglitazone. These changes in the ACOT2 expression level correlated well with changes in the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2, a mitochondrial beta-oxidation enzyme. These results indicate that, in differentiating brown adipocytes, cytosolic ACOT1 becomes downregulated as the cellular use of acyl-CoA increases, while mitochondrial ACOT2 is upregulated as the beta-oxidation capacity increases. ACOT isoform expression may be regulated during brown adipocyte differentiation to support the fat storage and combustion characteristics of this cell type. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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