Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dmitry Amakhin, Elena B. Soboleva, Anton Chizhov, Aleksey Zaitsev
Summary: The study demonstrates that epileptic activity leads to the rapid insertion of CP-AMPARs into neuronal synapses, affecting the generation rate of epileptiform discharges. The expression of CP-AMPARs in principal neurons reduces the discharge generation rate, potentially serving as a protective mechanism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
S. Murat Durakoglugil, R. Catherine Wasser, H. Connie Wong, Theresa Pohlkamp, Xunde Xian, Courtney Lane-Donovan, Katja Fritschle, Lea Naestle, Joachim Herz
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the accumulation of Aβ plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, leading to synaptic dysfunction. Reelin protects synapses against Aβ toxicity through ApoE receptors. Experiments showed that Reelin modulates mGluR-LTD, potentially impacting memory consolidation or neurodegeneration.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Irene Martinez-Gallego, Antonio Rodriguez-Moreno, Yuniesky Andrade-Talavera
Summary: In this article, the involvement of group I mGluRs in STDP and their possible role as coincidence detectors are briefly reviewed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Audrey Franceschi Biagioni, Giada Cellot, Elisa Pati, Neus Lozano, Belen Ballesteros, Raffaele Casani, Norberto Cysne Coimbra, Kostas Kostarelos, Laura Ballerini
Summary: Engineered small graphene oxide (s-GO) sheets have been shown to reversibly down-regulate glutamatergic synapses in the hippocampus, indicating their potential to target specific synapses in vivo. Synapses, acting as functional interfaces among neurons in the Central Nervous System (CNS), play a crucial role in synaptic plasticity, which is essential for learning and memory. Dysfunctional synaptic plasticity has been implicated in various brain diseases, such as dementia and anxiety disorders, highlighting the importance of understanding these mechanisms for potential therapeutic interventions.
Article
Neurosciences
Shao-Rui Chen, Hong Chen, Daozhong Jin, Hui-Lin Pan
Summary: Treatment with opioids not only inhibits nociceptive transmission but also elicits a rebound and persistent increase in primary afferent input to the spinal cord. Opioid-elicited long-term potentiation (LTP) from TRPV1-expressing primary afferents plays a major role in opioid-induced hyperalgesia and analgesic tolerance. The study found that opioid-elicited LTP occurs in VGluT2 neurons in the spinal dorsal horn, and not in VGAT neurons, with underlying signaling mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Silvano R. Gefferie, Angelina Maric, Hanne Critelli, Sophie Gueden, Gerhard Kurlemann, Salome Kurth, Margherita Nosadini, Barbara Plecko, Maya Ringli, Kevin Rostasy, Stefano Sartori, Bernhard Schmitt, Agnese Suppiej, Patrick Van Bogaert, Flavia M. Wehrle, Reto Huber, Bigna K. Bolsterli
Summary: The plasticity of synaptic strength and density, critical for memory consolidation and learning, is strongly dependent on NMDAR function. A study on pediatric patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis revealed alterations in sleep EEG markers for synaptic plasticity, indicating impaired synaptic plasticity in this unique human model of NMDAR deficiency.
Article
Neurosciences
Anna Bodzeta, Nicky Scheefhals, Harold D. MacGillavry
Summary: The various functions of glutamate in the brain are mediated by ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors, which modulate synaptic transmission and plasticity. mGluRs play roles at both presynaptic and postsynaptic sites, acting as essential signal integrators that couple mechanisms of transmission and plasticity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paola Muttathukunnel, Patrick Frei, Sarah Perry, Dion Dickman, Martin Mueller
Summary: Robust neural information transfer relies on the delicate molecular nano-architecture of chemical synapses. This study reveals the alignment of presynaptic nanorings with postsynaptic glutamate receptor rings and the formation of nanocolumn rings by presynaptic proteins and glutamate receptors. The impairment of glutamate receptors triggers the formation of transsynaptic nanocolumns on a minute timescale during homeostatic plasticity. This research uncovers the regulatory mechanism of synaptic nano-architecture and highlights its importance in stabilizing synaptic transmission.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Hristo Varbanov, Shaobo Jia, Gaga Kochlamazashvili, Subhrajit Bhattacharya, Manal Ali Buabeid, Mohamed El Tabbal, Hussam Hayani, Stoyan Stoyanov, Weilun Sun, Hauke Thiesler, Iris Roeckle, Herbert Hildebrandt, Oleg Senkov, Vishnu Suppiramaniam, Rita Gerardy-Schahn, Alexander Dityatev
Summary: Dysregulated cortical expression of NCAM and deficits of its associated polySia are found in Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. Acute enzymatic removal of polySia in the prefrontal cortex leads to increased transmission mediated by GluN1/GluN2B NMDARs, impaired LTP, and increased tonic currents. Treatment with polySia fragments or inhibition of GluN1/GluN2B receptors restores LTP and cognitive tasks in polySia-deficient mice and Alzheimer's disease models. The data highlight the crucial role of polySia-NCAM in balancing signaling through synaptic/extrasynaptic NMDARs and the therapeutic potential of polySia fragments.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Guang-ying Li, Qiu-zi Wu, Tian-jia Song, Xue-chu Zhen, Xiang Yu
Summary: Normal brain function relies on the complex neural network, which is formed and maintained through synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity. Deficiency in growth hormone can lead to brain development abnormalities and impair learning and memory, while growth hormone replacement therapy has been shown to ameliorate cognitive deficits. However, the underlying mechanism is still largely unknown.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Aniello Lombardi, Qiang Wang, Maik C. Stuettgen, Thomas Mittmann, Heiko J. Luhmann, Werner Kilb
Summary: This study investigates the role of short-term synaptic plasticity (STP) in excitatory and inhibitory synapses in the cortical layer 2/3 of mice. The results show that burst stimulation leads to short-term depression (STD) in both excitatory and inhibitory synapses, with stronger depression observed in inhibitory synapses and longer decay time.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Jeremy M. Henley, Jithin D. Nair, Richard Seager, Busra P. Yucel, Gavin Woodhall, Benjamin S. Henley, Karolina Talandyte, Hope I. Needs, Kevin A. Wilkinson
Summary: Epilepsy is caused by abnormal neuronal network activity. The review focuses on the role and regulation of kainate and AMPA receptors in seizure activity, discussing the impact of GluK2 and GluA2 subunits on their respective receptors' properties.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mariangela Chisari, Michele Barraco, Claudio Bucolo, Lucia Ciranna, Maria Angela Sortino
Summary: Microglia, the resident immune cells in the brain, play a crucial role in neuroinflammation and CNS homeostasis. This study investigated the involvement of two receptor subtypes, purinergic ionotropic P2X7 receptor and metabotropic glutamate mGlu5 receptor, in microglial function. The results showed that these receptors are functionally expressed in microglia and their activation affects ion flux and nitric oxide synthesis. The study suggests an important crosstalk between ATP and glutamate in inflammation and provides potential pharmacological targets for modulating neuroinflammation.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Meng-Hua Zhou, Shao-Rui Chen, Li Wang, Yuying Huang, Meichun Deng, Jixiang Zhang, Jiyuan Zhang, Hong Chen, Jiusheng Yan, Hui-Lin Pan
Summary: The study identified the roles of PKC and alpha 2 delta-1 in controlling NMDAR activity, showing that co-expression of alpha 2 delta-1 significantly increased NMDAR activity, while PKC activation only increased receptor activity in cells co-expressing alpha 2 delta-1. Furthermore, phosphoproteomics analysis identified the phosphorylation sites responsible for NMDAR potentiation by PKC and alpha 2 delta-1.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Kexin Li, Meng Lu, Mengxu Cui, Xiaoming Wang, Yang Zheng
Summary: This study investigated the changes in NAAG, Glu, and mGluR expression, as well as the effects on synaptic plasticity in the brain after HI injury. The results showed an increase in NAAG and mGluR3 expression levels after HI, with a correlation between Glu content and mGluR1/mGluR5 expression. NAAG was found to maintain cortical synaptic plasticity and neurotransmitter homeostasis. Hibernated NAAG levels after 12-24 h of HI injury were associated with mGluR3 receptor expression, thus indicating their role in preserving synaptic function.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soojung Hahn, Gyuri Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Jae Hyeon Kim
Summary: This study utilized three-dimensional intestinal organoids to investigate the effects of metformin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and found that metformin can enhance intestinal barrier function and reduce levels of inflammatory cytokines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. V. Sudarev, M. S. Gette, S. V. Bazhenov, O. M. Tilinova, E. V. Zinovev, I. V. Manukhov, A. I. Kuklin, Yu. L. Ryzhykau, A. V. Vlasov
Summary: This study investigated the self-assembly processes of ferritin-based protein complexes and obtained structurally characterized oligomeric states. These results provide new potential and opportunities for the application of ferritin in various fields.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yalda Sabaghi, Farnaz Pourfarzad, Leila Zolghadr, Azita Bahrami, Tahereh Shojazadeh, Alireza Farasat, Nematollah Gheibi
Summary: p-Coumaric acid (p-CA) is a plant compound with anti-cancer activities. This study designed a nano-liposomal carrier containing p-CA to enhance its effectiveness against melanoma cells. The findings showed that the liposomal form of p-CA had a greater impact on the cells. Kinetic modeling indicated that the best fitting model was zero-order.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
M. D. Nazmul Hasan, Md Mahfuzur Rahman, Al Asmaul Husna, Nobuhiro Nozaki, Osamu Yamato, Naoki Miura
Summary: This study investigated the expression of ncRNAs other than miRNAs in different histologic subtypes of canine mammary gland tumors (MGT). Three aberrantly expressed ncRNAs were identified as potential biomarkers for differentiating MGT subtypes. YRNA and tRFs expression levels were found to be decreased in metastatic compared to primary MGT cell lines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seine A. Shintani
Summary: In this study, the researchers used signal analysis to study the instantaneous amplitude and phase of sarcomeric oscillations in skeletal muscle. They identified two types of oscillations, sarcomeric oscillations and sarcosynced oscillations, and visualized their behavior during propagating waves. The researchers discovered the presence of sarcomeric defect holes and sarcomeric collision holes, which are important indicators for understanding the oscillation properties of sarcomeres. This finding has important implications for improving our understanding of muscle function and its regulatory mechanisms.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuanglin Zhang, Yuzhong Jia, Guolan Ma, Yanyan Yang, Zhenzhen Cao, Antao Luo, Zefu Zhang, Shihan Li, Jie Wen, Hanfeng Liu, Jihua Ma
Summary: Bupleurum is an antiarrhythmic agent that may exert its effects by inhibiting L-type calcium channels.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomotaka Ohkubo, Yasuhiko Matsumoto, Hiroaki Sasaki, Kaoru Kinoshita, Yuki Ogasawara, Takashi Sugita
Summary: This study found that Citrobacter koseri inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis, disrupting the balance between S. epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, and exacerbating inflammation in atopic dermatitis.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshifumi Asano, Philipp Sasse, Takao Nakata
Summary: A Cre recombination-based fluorescent reporter system was developed to monitor cell-cell fusion. The system successfully detected the formation of multinuclear myotubes and placental syncytiotrophoblast. This tool could facilitate the study of cell-to-cell fusion.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ke Shi, Yunlong Shan, Xiao Sun, Kuida Chen, Qiong Luo, Qiang Xu
Summary: This study found that low expression of TP53INP2 is associated with poor survival in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. As the malignancy of CRC progresses, TP53INP2 expression gradually decreases. Knockdown of TP53INP2 promotes CRC cell proliferation and tumor growth. Mechanistically, TP53INP2 deficiency decreases phosphorylation of beta-catenin, leading to increased accumulation and enhanced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity. Additionally, TP53INP2 sequesters TIM50, inhibiting its activation of beta-catenin. In conclusion, downregulation of TP53INP2 promotes CRC progression by activating beta-catenin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Rossi, Fabio Tomaselli, Alejandro Hochkoeppler
Summary: Oligomeric enzymes are known for their higher catalytic rates compared to monomeric enzymes, but the extent of additivity in their activity is still not well understood. This study used tetrameric rabbit lactate dehydrogenase as a model to examine the kinetics of its catalytic action. Surprisingly, when the concentration of the limiting reactant exceeded that of a single subunit, there was a significant slowdown in the enzyme's conformational rearrangements.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amin Sahraei, Mohammad Javad Shamsoddini, Fakhrossadat Mohammadi, Leila Hassani
Summary: This study explored the inhibitory effects of gallium curcumin, indium curcumin, and vanadyl curcumin on the amyloid fibrillation of hen egg white lysozyme, as well as the binding interactions of these metal complexes with the enzyme. The results showed that indium curcumin and vanadyl curcumin exhibited higher binding affinities and stronger inhibitory effects on amyloid fibrillation compared to gallium curcumin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takahiro Sasaki, Yoshiki Kuse, Shinsuke Nakamura, Masamitsu Shimazawa
Summary: PGRN deficiency plays a significant role in cardiac remodeling and arrhythmias post-myocardial infarction (MI), potentially by promoting metabolic abnormalities in macrophages.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hongwei Zhao, Yiqiang Li, Yibo Zhang, Chi Zhang
Summary: Electrical brain stimulation technology is commonly used to treat brain neurological disorders, but it can cause side effects. This study investigated the impact of electric fields on nerve fibers and revealed the possible origin of side effects. The findings provide guidance for selecting electrical parameters in clinical stimulation therapy.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia S. Scott, Lake-Ee Quek, Andrew J. Hoy, Johannes V. Swinnen, Zeyad D. Nassar, Lisa M. Butler
Summary: The fatty acid elongation enzyme ELOVL5 plays a critical role in promoting metastasis in prostate cancer. Knocking down ELOVL5 leads to the accumulation of malonyl-CoA, which inhibits fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria. This study highlights the importance of fatty acid elongation in regulating cell viability and provides a potential target for prostate cancer treatment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zan Zhou, Wen-jun Jiang, Li Li, Jun-qiang Si
Summary: This study investigates the effect of noise exposure on cognitive function in mice and explores the underlying molecular mechanisms. The findings suggest that noise exposure leads to increased inflammation, increased phosphorylation of Tau protein, and decreased levels of postsynaptic density protein, resulting in cognitive impairment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)